Language level 3: Phonetics, phonology and prosodics Flashcards
phonology
the area of study that refers to the more abstract sound system
phonetics
the area of study that is concerned with investigating how sounds are actually produced by language users.
prosodics
the study of how speakers can shape meanings through emphasising certain aspects of intonation, speed and volume
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
a system for showing the different sounds possible
heterophones
words that have the same spelling but very different pronunciation and meanings
homophones
words that are pronounced the same but have a different meaning and may have different spellings e.g. there and their
articulators
the vocal organs above the larynx, including the lips, teeth, tongue and hard palate that help to form consonant sounds
plosives
a consonant group produced by the articulators coming together to stop the airflow and then being released.
fricatives
a consonant group produced by the articulators positioned together but a small gap remaining through which the sound comes
affricate
a consonant group produced by the articulators coming together, then released but in a way that is similar to the friction sound of a fricative
nasal
a consonant group produced by articulators coming together and air being released over the sides of the tongue
approximant
a consonant group produced in a similar way to other consonant sounds but without the articulators fully coming together
dipthong
a vowel sound that is the combination of two separate sounds, where a speaker moves from one to another
sound iconicity
the matching of sound to an aspect of meaning
consonance
a pattern of repeated consonant sounds for effect
