Laras notes

Question 1

Where does fertilisation occur

Answer 1

Ideally in wider part of fallopian tube

Question 2

Normal haemoglobin rate?

Answer 2

11-15g/dl

Question 3

Normal fetal heart rate?

Answer 3

110-160 bpm

Question 4

Naegles rule?

Answer 4

1st day of last period plus 9months nd 7days

Question 5

When is placenta fully formed?

Answer 5

10 weeks after fertilisation

Question 6

What r the two membranes of the placenta

Answer 6

Amnion=inner
Chorion=outer
Derived from trophoblast

Question 7

How many arteries/veins in umbilical cord nd what r functions of each?

Answer 7

AVA
2Arteries= bring deoxygenated blood & waste products from the fetus to the placenta
1Vein= brings oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus

Question 8

What does amniotic fluid consist of

Answer 8

99% water
1% dissolved solid matter (food +waste)

Abnormal constituents=meconium+ blood

Question 9

How much amniotic fluid at 20 weeks

Answer 9

350-450mls

Question 10

How much amniotic fluid by 36-39wks

Answer 10

700-1l

Question 11

Whats the weight of the placenta

Answer 11

1/6th of the babys weight

Question 12

Where is placenta and when does it separate

Answer 12

Its in upper uterine segment
It separates in third stage of labour

Question 13

Measurements of placenta

Answer 13

20cm in diameter
2.5cm at centre

Question 14

Layers of the vagina

Answer 14

Mucosa=sueprficial layer
Muscle
Fascia=surrounds vagina and adjacent pelvic organs

Question 15

What r the three superficial muscles of the perineum

Answer 15

Bulbocavernosus muscles
ð Ischiocavernous muscles
ð Transverse perineal muscles

Question 16

What r the two superficial muscles of pelvic floor

Answer 16

Urogenital triangle
ð External anal sphincter

Question 17

What r the two deep pelvic floor muscles

Answer 17

Levator ani
ð Coccygeus

Question 18

Whats the top of the uterus called in pregnancy

Answer 18

Fundus

Question 19

What does a 1st degree tear involve

Answer 19

the skin of the fourchette

Question 20

What does a 2nd degree tear involve

Answer 20

skin of the fourchette
the superficial perineal muscle

Question 21

What does 3rd degree tear involve

Answer 21

skin of the fourchette,
the superficial perineal muscle,
& damage to the anal sphincter

Question 22

Odema (common disorder in pregnancy)

Answer 22

Swelling of gums

Question 23

Pica (common disorder in pregnancy)

Answer 23

Craving unusual and unedible things

Question 24

Ptyalism (common disorder in pregnancy)

Answer 24

Increased saliva

Question 25

Heartburn/Pyrosis (common disorder in pregnancy)

Answer 25

Burning sensation due to relaxation of lower oesophagal sphincter

Question 26

Hemmorhoids (common disorder in pregnancy)

Answer 26

Swollen veins at or near anus

Question 27

Leucorrhea (common disorder in pregnancy)

Answer 27

Increase in amount of vaginal dischage

Question 28

Vaginal thrush (common disorder in pregnancy)

Answer 28

Yeast infection of mucous membrane of vag

Question 29

Epistaxis (common disorder in pregnancy)

Answer 29

nosebleeds

Question 30

Syncope (common disorder in pregnancy)

Answer 30

Fainting

Question 31

Whats the increase of vaginal discharge during pregnancy called?

Answer 31

Leucorrhea

Question 32

Whats involved in stage 1 of labour

Answer 32

Contractions until dilation of 10cm

Question 33

Whats involved in stage 2 of lavour

Answer 33

full dilation until birth

Question 34

Whats involved in stage 3 of lavour

Answer 34

Separation + expulsion of placenta and the membranes

Question 35

Why should a preggerrs woman sit in an upright position

Answer 35

To prevent aortocaval occlusion (compressionof inferior vena cava and aorta)

Question 36

Dimensions of non pregnant uterus

Answer 36

7.5cm long X 5cm wide X 2.5cm thick 60g

Question 37

Dimensions of preggnant uterus

Answer 37

30cm long X 23cm wide X 20xm thick 1kg

Question 38

3 layers of tissue in cervix:

Answer 38

Endometrium = inner layer ð Muscle layer ð Peritoneum layer

Question 39

Function of oestrogen

Answer 39

Stimulates gwoth of cells in lining of uterus vagina and cervix

Question 40

Function of progesterone:

Answer 40

Builds up lining of uterus for fertilization Initiates secretory phase of the endometrium Signals the pituitary to stop producing LH

Question 41

What r the antenatal blood tests

Answer 41

ABO blood group RH antigen Full blood count

Question 42

Sutures of fetal skull

Answer 42

ð Lambdoid suture ð Sagittal suture ð Coronal suture ð Frontal suture

Question 43

Vault of fetal skull consists of:

Answer 43

ð 2 frontal bones ð 2 parietal bones ð 2 temporal bones ð 1 occipital bones

Question 44

What three sections is fetal skull made up of

Answer 44

34. The fetal skull is made up of: ð Vault ð Face ð Base

Question 45

whatte the 4 types of female pelvises

Answer 45

Gynaecoid ð Platypelloid ð Anthropoid ð Android

Question 46

What r the three regions if the pelvis

Answer 46

The pelvic brim ð The pelvic cavity ð The pelvic outlet

Question 47

What are the 4 pelvic bones

Answer 47

ð The sacrum (= 5 fused vertebrae) ð The coccyx (=4 fused vertebrae) ð 2 innominate bones, each composed of 3 parts : o The ilium o The ischium o The pubis

Question 48

Need layers of eymbro development and 2 genital trianglws