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Large Animal Flashcards

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1
Q

The inability to move enough calcium from bone into milk is known as:

A

Hypocalcaemia

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2
Q

Parturition is another term for:

A

Giving birth

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3
Q

Difficult birth is known as:

A

Dystocia

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4
Q

Symptoms of hypocalcaemia are:

A

muscle weakness, subnormal temperature, increased heart rate, sternal recumbancy, loss of consciousness

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5
Q

Parturient paresis is also known as:

A

Milk fever

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6
Q

What is the common treatment for hypocalcaemia?

A

Calcium IV or SQ

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7
Q

What are the terms for a twisted “stomach” in a cow? Left and Right…

A

Displaced abomasum

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8
Q

Which displacement cannot be left overnight?

A

RDA

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9
Q

Why is livestock production important? List 4

A

food supply, economy, livestock allow unsuitable cropland to be utilized for grazing and create fertilizer, animal by-products

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10
Q

Which continents are most impacted by world hunger?

A

Africa and Asia

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11
Q

Why is animal protein better for us?

A

better balance of amino acids

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12
Q

With 11% of the world’s land mass being suitable for food production, through the growth of crops, we can still survive on plant based proteins.
True or False

A

False

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13
Q

What are some by-products produced by livestock that we can utilize? (6)

A

fecal matter, cosmetics, medications, gelatin, suture material, leather

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14
Q

What is catgut?

A

Suture material made from ruminant intestine

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15
Q

List the main livestock production in Canada. (7)

A

Beef, Dairy, Hogs, turkeys, sheep, goats, aquaculture

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16
Q

Animal production provides employment for 84000 Canadians.
True or False

A

True

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17
Q

How does food production stimulate local economies?

A

Restaurant supply, local shops, local meat markets

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18
Q

What are the main livestock products in Atlantic Canada?

A

dairy, poultry, beef

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19
Q

What region of Canada is the vast majority of beef and pork produced?

A

Western Canada and Quebec

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20
Q

What are some livestock uses outside of food production? (6)

A

hobby farm, horse showing, racing, equine assisted therapy, logging, transportation

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21
Q

What is the veterinarian role in large animal medicine? (3)

A

individual animal care, herd level animal care, consulting with producers

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22
Q

What would the DVM do in regards to consulting with producers? (2)

A

develop SOPs, analyze production data

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23
Q

Herd level animal care would include…(4)

A

preventative medicine, herd outbreaks, preg checks, welfare

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24
Q

What is the relationship that must be established in order for producers to administer and house medications including abx?

A

VCPR-Veterinary Client Patient Relationship

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25
How often does a DVM need to visit a farm to maintain the VCPR?
Annually
26
Describe One Health.
veterinarians, human doctors, and environmental experts work together to reduce the spread of zoonotic disease and the health of the planet as a whole
27
What is the population of beef cattle in Canada?
over 10 million
28
What is the term for a young female bovine that has not calved?
heifer
29
A female bovine that has calved
Cow
30
a castrated male bovine
steer
31
an intact male bovine
bull
32
what is the term forcattle that need to leave the herd?
cull
33
What is TMR in relation to feeding cattle
total mixed ration
34
what is the term for a fattened ready to sell bovine?
finished
35
What are the two main categories of beef cattle?
british and exotic
36
Where is the Angus from?
Aberdeen, Scotland
37
What are Angus known for?
good mothers and superior carcass traits
38
Where does the hereford originate from?
England
39
What is the hereford known for?
maturing early and converting feed into fat and muscle
40
What is the breed is often used in crossbreeding?
hereford, charolais
41
this breed is considered exotic and from France
charolais
42
The simmental originates from where?
Switzerland
43
most herds are made up of purebred beef cattle True or False
False
44
beef calves stay with their mothers for how long?
6-10 months
45
what is appropriate PPE for a barn? (4)
steel toed rubber boots, coveralls, gloves, arm gloves
46
where is a bovine's blindspot?
directly behind them
47
How should you always approach cattle?
from the side
48
Cattle cannot kick sideways True or False
False
49
what is the flight zone?
imaginary boundary that encircles the cow
50
Entering the flight zone will encourage cattle to move away from you. True or False
True
51
Name the gates used to restrain cattle (2)
self locking headgates, squeeze chutes
52
What are some other restraint devices for cattle (3)
halter, nose tongs, kick bars
53
what is a restraint technique utilized to briefly immobilize cattle
tail jack
54
Name three methods of moving a down cow
place on a sled, hip lifters, water therapy
55
Horses can sleep standing up. What gives them this ability?
Stay apparatus
56
What is an intact male horse?
Stallion
57
How are horses measured? and how big is that measurement?
hands, 4"
58
A pony is classified by being under ______ hands.
14.2
59
What is a warm blooded horse?
mix of cold and hot blooded breeds
60
What is a white leg marking called that is up to the knee?
stocking
61
If a horse has a small white marking on its nose, between its nostrils, what is this marking called?
snip
62
At what age do the canine teeth in a horse erupt?
4-5 years of age
63
The horse is a hind gut fermenter. True or False
True
64
A horse can get colic or laminitis from a rapid diet change. True or False
True
65
What is the gestation period for a horse?
333-342 days ish
66
When can an ultrasound detect pregnancy in a horse?
10-12 days
67
When leading a horse, you should always have the rope loose and dangling near its front legs and wrap the lead rope tightly around your hand. True or False
False
68
The best way to move a horse is by applying what? rather than pulling?
pressure
69
List equine restraint techniques: (4)
1) twitch 2) hold a leg up 3) tail lift (foals) 4) sedation
70
Why would a barn owner have a veterinarian come out to the farm annually for several horses rather than just one?
to save expenses-usually one call fee, owners of horses can split that cost
71
As a VA list important factors to consider when scheduling an equine annual visit to a boarding facility with several horses to examine. (4)
1. every horse to be examined is in appointment booking 2. each procedure to be performed is detailed in the booking 3. someone will be onsite to assist the veterinarian in locating the correct horses 4. ensure location of horses in stalls-labelled stalls
72
List what an annual exam for a horse would entail in most cases. (8)
1. visual exam 2. TPR 3. GI sounds 4. dermatologic 5. musculoskeletal 6. eyes/ears 7. dental exam 8. foot exam
73
What is important to do when acquiring a rectal temperature on a horse? (3)
1. Ensure thermometer is on rectal wall 2. stand to the side, never directly behind 3. let them know you are there, pat and distract from procedure
74
Where is it best to listen to a horse's heart?
Left and Right side, behind the elbow
75
What is the gutteral pouch on a horse?
upper airway pocket
76
Why do horses need their teeth floated?
sharp enamel points that occur naturally with growth
77
List the vaccines horses get as core vaccines (5)
1. tetanus 2. west nile virus 3. eastern equine encephalitis EEE 4. western equine encephalitis WEE 5. rabies
78
What is the most common reason for a veterinary examination with a horse that is not due to an emergency or illness?
lameness
79
What was the first horse discovered 50 million years ago?
Eohippus
80
Humans began domesticating horses around 4000BC True or False
True
81
Genus Equus includes:
zebras, donkeys and horses
82
Horses are primarily identified by what three factors
Breed, colour, markings
83
List some breeds of warm blood horses
Hanoverian, oldenburg, holstein, dutch, belgian
84
Warm bloods are primarily used for what in the equestrian world?
eventing, jumping and dressage
85
What is a draft horse?
work horse-large, gentle, used for pulling wagons, plowing fields
86
List some breeds of draft horse
clydesdale, percheron, belgian
87
The arabian and thoroughbred horse are considered hot blooded T/F
True
88
Another category riding horses fall into would be:
Stock
89
What are some common stock horse breeds?
American Paint, appaloosa, american quaterhorse
90
Sports that stock horses may be used in would include:
Roping, barrel racing, team penning, western pleasure and showmanship, sorting, reining
91
Common pony breeds are:
Welsh, shetland, hackney, miniature
92
What are the dairy cattle breeds mentioned in lecture.
Holstein, jersey, guernsey, ayrshire, brown swiss, milking shorthorn
93
What are the beef breeds of cattle discussed?
Aberdeen angus, hereford, shorthorn, charolais, simmental, limousin
94
What beef breed is also used as a dairy breed in some countries?
Simmental
95
One Health includes veterinary professionals as well as:
human medical professionals and environmental health experts
96
What is required on farm in order for a veterinarian to allow a farmer to house and administer antibiotics without a veterinary visit every single time? and how often does this have to be renewed?
VCPR and annually
97
What is the primary public health reason for the VCPR?
to encourage and maintain prudent use of antibiotics

Large Animal Review (1 decks)

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