Large Animal Needs Lowe Flashcards
(27 cards)
4 Macronutrients
Water
Energy
Fiber
Protein
Hierarchal Pyramid of Energy
Maintenance
Immune System
Lactation
Growth
Reproduction
What can alter the maintenance requirement?
temperature
stress
life stage
exercise
body size
In what species can antibodies cross the placenta?
primates and humans
Do younger animals have a higher or lower energy maintenance requirement?
higher
Highest immune energy needs occur in what life stage?
weaning (post-weaning)
Overall energy needs are highest when?
younger horses
Age vs Percent Body Fat
Higher in Age = Higher Body Fat
Body Fat vs Protein Accretion
Increase body fat = decrease protein accretion
Protein Accretion vs Amino Acid Requirements
decreased protein acccretion = decreased AA requirements
Which has higher AA requirements - younger or older animals?
younger
Energy Source for Monogastrics
Grain (seed of the grass - CORN, wheat, rice, barley)
Distiller’s Grains
Leftover Bakery Goods (granola bars, cake mix, stale bread)
Energy Source for Ruminants
Grass hay (technically legume hays too), including corn stalks, straw
you can also use grains (caution d/t fermentation and bacteria)
Fiber Source in Monogastrics
wheat middlings (outside of the wheat kernel), soybean hulls
fiber isn’t a huge concern in fiber
Fiber Source in Ruminants
roughage (corn stalks, straw)
Protein Source for Monogastrics
soybean meal, soybean byproducts, seed oils (soy, sunlower, canola)
Protein Source for Ruminants
Distiller’s grains, soy byproducts (but not efficient), legume roughage, urea
Protein Requirement in Dairy vs Beef Cows
MUCH higher in dairy
Do ruminants have any B vitamin requirements?
NO (the rumen bacteria makes its own!)
Fat Soluble Vitamins
A D E K
How do monogastrics get their micronutrients?
SUPPLEMENTATION ONLY
Fat Soluble Vitamin Source in Ruminants
green grass and sunshine
What mineral is toxic to sheep?
COPPER
Can you gve a cattle or swine feed to sheep?
NO there’s COPPER they gon DIE
