Laryngeal Conditions

Question 1

Epiglottitis diagnoses and treatment

Answer 1

Swells up and inflames blocks airways.
Symptoms- tripod positions, no cough, X-ray, throat culture (detects H flu-B, Staph aureus, Strep pyrogenes)
Differential diagnoses - croup (Tracheolaryngitis)
Treatmetn - airway protection, o2, antibiotics

Question 2

Hib vaccine

Answer 2

Haemofalus Influenza - B, can cause - Meningitis, Epiglottitis, Pneumonia

Question 3

Laryngitis

Answer 3

Acute - viral, overuse, bacteria
Chronic - irritants, sinusitis

Question 4

Laryngitis diagnosis treatment and prevention

Answer 4

Laryngoscope (only for chronic)
Differential diagnoses - Epiglottitis (can also cause hoarseness of voice).
Treatment - home remedies : salt water gargales, reducing exposure to irritants.
Prevention - good hygiene

Question 5

Laryngomalacia

Answer 5

Congenital defect, larynx soft tissue collapses on piglet is, blocking airway
Symptoms - strider, difficulty breathing, GERD, weight loss
Diagnosis - looking for omega shape
Treatment - mild - reassurance, severe- surgery

Question 6

Vocal cord growths

Answer 6

Nodule - lumps on vocal cords, developed by overuse of vocal cords, resolve on their own by resting vocal cords.
Papilloma - benign growth, do not resolve on own, caused by HPV, have to be excised
Carcinoma - grow on vocal cords, squamous cell carcinoma, has to be excised