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Flashcards in Larynx Anatomy Deck (26)
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1
Q

The larynx is located in the pre/post-tracheal fascia of the neck

A

Pretracheal fascia

2
Q

The larynx is located between which vertebral levels?

A

C4-C6

3
Q

Identify the cartilages of the larynx

A
4
Q

What can be done to close the oesophagus during ventilation?

A

Applying pressure to the cricoid

5
Q

Identify and name the three distinct laryngeal areas and the vocal cords

A
6
Q

The true vocal cords connect what structures?

A

Arytenoid cartilage to thyroid cartilage

7
Q

The false vocal cords connect what structures?

A

Arytenoid cartilage to epiglottis

8
Q

What are all intrinsic muscles of the larynx innervated by?

A

CN X

9
Q

The cricothyroid muscles cause relaxation/tension of the vocal cords?

A

Tension

10
Q

The thyroarytenoid muscles cause relaxation/tension of the vocal cords

A

Relaxation

11
Q

What pair of intrinsic laryngeal muscles adduct the vocal cords?

A

Lateral crico-arytenoid muscles

Arytenoid muscles

12
Q

What intrinsic laryngeal muscle abducts the vocal cords?

A

Posterior crico-arytenoid muscles

13
Q

What intrinsic muscles are contracting in forced respiration?

A

Posterior crico-arytenoids

14
Q

What intrinsic laryngeal muscles are contracting in normal speaking?

A

Arytenoids

15
Q

What intrinsic laryngeal muscles are contracting in whispering?

A

Lateral crico-arytenoid muscles

16
Q

Tumours that are superior to the rima glottidis will drain to which lymph nodes?

A

Superior deep cervical lymph nodes

17
Q

How do tumours of the rima glottidis/vocal cords present?

A

Voice changes

18
Q

Tumours that are below the rima glottidis will track to which lymph nodes?

A

Paratracheal lymph nodes

19
Q

In speech, what occurs anatomically before phonation (producing a sound in the larynx)?

A

Pressure is built in the respiratory tree inferior to larynx

20
Q

What occurs in phonation?

A

Air crosses vocal cords causing vibration in the larynx

21
Q

What structures will amplify the ‘buzz’ produced in the larynx?

A

Pharynx

Oral cavity

Nasal cavity

22
Q

To produce an oral sound, the soft palate must do what?

A

Tense and elevate to close off entrance into nasopharynx

23
Q

To produce nasal sounds, what must the soft palate do?

A

Tense and descend to close off entrance into the oropharynx

24
Q

What nerve innervates all intrinsic laryngeal muscles apart from the cricothyroid?

A

Inferior laryngeal nerve

25
Q

What nerve supplies motor innervation to the cricothyroid muscle?

A

External laryngeal nerve

26
Q

How do you clinically test CN X supply to the pharynx and larynx?

A

Ask patient to swallow water and speak