Larynx/pharynx/vocal pathoma + partial FA 12/07

Question 1

What part of upper resp. will be affected by alcohol and tabaco? What disease?

Answer 1

Larynx –> vocal cords. Laryngeal carcinoma.

Question 2

What cell carcinoma is laryngeal carcinoma?

Answer 2

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from the epithelial lining of the vocal cord.

Question 3

What part of upper resp. if affected if patient has horseness?

Answer 3

Larynx. Appears in Croup, vocal cord nodules, laryngeal papilloma and laryngeal carcinoma.

Question 4

What disease can result in acute airway obstruction?

Answer 4

Acute epiglottitis.

Question 5

What disease appears with inspiratory stridor?

Answer 5

Acute epiglottitis, croup, laryngeal carcinoma.

Question 6

HPV 6 and 11 cause …………………..

Answer 6

Laryngeal papilloma.

Question 7

Koilocytic change in biopsy is seen in ………………………

Answer 7

Laryngeal papilloma.

Question 8

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in LM appears as ………………… + …………………………….

Answer 8

Keratin positive epithelial cells + background of lymphocytes.

Question 9

Angiofibroma morphology: ……………….. + ……………………..

Answer 9

Large blood vessels + fibrous tissue.

Question 10

What sinuses are tipically affected in rhinosinusitis?

Answer 10

Maxillary.

Question 11

Which sinus drains against gravity?

Answer 11

Maxillary.

Question 12

What drains superior meatus?

Answer 12

Sphenoid, posterior ethmoid.

Question 13

What drains middle meatus?

Answer 13

Frontal, maxillary, anterior ethmoid.

Question 14

What drains inferior meatus?

Answer 14

Nasolacrima durct.

Question 15

Maxillary sinus is drainaged in …………….

Answer 15

Middle meatus.

Question 16

Sphenoid sinus is drainaged in …………….

Answer 16

Superior meatus.

Question 17

Anterior ethmoid sinus is drainaged in …………….

Answer 17

Middle meatus.

Question 18

Frontal sinus is drainaged in ……………

Answer 18

Middle meatus.

Question 19

Posterior ethmoid sinus is drainaged in …………….

Answer 19

Superior meatus.

Question 20

Nasolactrimal duct is drainaged in …………….

Answer 20

Inferior meatus.

Question 21

What is the most common cause of rhinosinusitis?

Answer 21

98 proc. viral URI.

Question 22

Viral URI in rhinosinusitis may lead to ………………

Answer 22

superimposed bacterial infection. M/os: Strep. pneumonia, H. influenza, M. catarrhalis.

Question 23

What sinus infection can cause cavernous sinus syndrome?

Answer 23

Sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses may extend to cavernous sinus.

Question 24

Where most commonly accurs epistaxis? What artery affected?

Answer 24

Anterior nostril. Kisselbach plexus.

Question 25

Where occurs life threatening hemorrhage (epistaxis)? What artery is affected?

Answer 25

Posterior segment. Sphenopalatine artery.

Question 26

Kisselbach drive his Lexus with LEGS. What is mneumonic?

Answer 26

``` Kisselbach plexus is consisted of: superior Labial artery; anterior and posterior Ethmoidal; Greater palatine artery; Sphenopalatine artery. ```

Question 27

Rhinitis - inflamation of what?

Answer 27

nasal mucosa

Question 28

Rhinitis most common cause?

Answer 28

rhinovirus/adenovirus

Question 29

Rhinitis presentation?

Answer 29

sneezing, congestion, runny nose (common cold)

Question 30

Sneezing, congestion, runny nose (common cold)?

Answer 30

Rhinitis

Question 31

Allergic rhinitis - hypersentisivity?

Answer 31

type I

Question 32

Allergic rhinitis characterized by?

Answer 32

inflammation with eosinophils

Question 33

Inflammation with eosinophils?

Answer 33

Allergic rhinitis

Question 34

Allergic rhinitis assoc with?

Answer 34

asthma and eczema

Question 35

asthma and eczema?

Answer 35

Allergic rhinitis

Question 36

Nasal polyp definition?

Answer 36

protrusion of edematous, inflammed nasal mucosa

Question 37

protrusion of edematous, inflammed nasal mucosa?

Answer 37

Nasal polyp

Question 38

Nasal polyp causes?

Answer 38

Secondary to repeated bouts of rhinitis

Question 39

Secondary to repeated bouts of rhinitis?

Answer 39

Nasal polyp

Question 40

Nasal polyp occurs in ...... (2)

Answer 40

cystic fibrosis and aspirin-intolerant asthma

Question 41

cystic fibrosis assoc with what?

Answer 41

Nasal polyp

Question 42

aspirin-intolerant asthma assoc with what?

Answer 42

Nasal polyp

Question 43

aspirin-intolerant asthma characterized by the?

Answer 43

1. Triad of asthma 2. Aspirin induced bronchospasm 3. Nasal polyp

Question 44

1. Triad of asthma 2. Aspirin induced bronchospasm 3. Nasal polyp?

Answer 44

aspirin-intolerant asthma

Question 45

Angiofibroma - origin?

Answer 45

Nasal mucosa

Question 46

Angiofibroma classically seen in?

Answer 46

adolescent males

Question 47

Angiofibroma clinical presentation?

Answer 47

profuse epistaxis

Question 48

profuse epistaxis due to?

Answer 48

Angiofibroma

Question 49

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma - origin?

Answer 49

nasopharyngeal epithelium

Question 50

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma - what virus?

Answer 50

EBV

Question 51

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma seen in what populations?

Answer 51

african children and chinese adults

Question 52

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma differentiation?

Answer 52

Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma

Question 53

Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 53

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Question 54

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma what other clinical presentation?

Answer 54

involvement of cervical lymph nodes

Question 55

involvement of cervical lymph nodes?

Answer 55

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Question 56

Nasopharynx pathologies? (4)

Answer 56

Rhinitis, nasal polyp, angiofibroma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Question 57

Rhinitis, nasal polyp, angiofibroma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma - what group?

Answer 57

Nasopharynx pathologies

Question 58

Larynx pathologies? (5)

Answer 58

Acutes epiglotitis, laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), vocal cord nodules (singer's nodules), laryngeal papilloma, laryngeal carcinoma

Question 59

Acutes epiglotitis, laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), vocal cord nodules (singer's nodules), laryngeal papilloma, laryngeal carcinoma - group of pathologies?

Answer 59

Larynx pathologies

Question 60

Acutes epiglotitis - inflamation of what?

Answer 60

epiglottis

Question 61

Acutes epiglotitis - cause?

Answer 61

H. INFLUENZAE TYPE B, esp. in non-immunized children

Question 62

H. INFLUENZAE TYPE B - cause of what?

Answer 62

Acutes epiglotitis

Question 63

Acutes epiglotitis clinical presentation?

Answer 63

high fever, sore throat, drooling with dysphagia, muffled (prislopintas) voice, inspiratory stridor

Question 64

high fever, sore throat, drooling with dysphagia, muffled (prislopintas) voice, inspiratory stridor?

Answer 64

Acutes epiglotitis

Question 65

laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) - inflammation of what?

Answer 65

upper airways

Question 66

laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) - cause?

Answer 66

Parainfluenza virus

Question 67

Parainfluenza virus - causes what?

Answer 67

laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)

Question 68

laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) - presentation?

Answer 68

hoarse, ,,barking" cough, inspiratory stridor

Question 69

hoarse, ,,barking" cough, inspiratory stridor?

Answer 69

laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)

Question 70

Vocal cord nodules (singer's nodules) - location?

Answer 70

TRUE vocal cord

Question 71

Vocal cord nodules (singer's nodules) - causes.

Answer 71

excessive use of vocal cords. BILATERAL

Question 72

Vocal cord nodules (singer's nodules) - histology?

Answer 72

Degenerative (myxoid) connective tissue

Question 73

Vocal cord nodules (singer's nodules) - presentation ant treatment?

Answer 73

Hoarseness; resolve with resting of voice

Question 74

Hoarseness; resolve with resting of voice?

Answer 74

Vocal cord nodules (singer's nodules)

Question 75

Degenerative (myxoid) connective tissue

Answer 75

Vocal cord nodules (singer's nodules)

Question 76

Laryngeal papilloma - definition?

Answer 76

Bening tumor of the vocal cords

Question 77

Bening tumor of the vocal cords?

Answer 77

Laryngeal papilloma

Question 78

Laryngeal papilloma - causes?

Answer 78

HPV 6 and 11--> koilocytic changes in microscopy

Question 79

Laryngeal papilloma - number in adults and childrens?

Answer 79

Adults - single Children - multiple

Question 80

Laryngeal papilloma - presentation?

Answer 80

hoarseness

Question 81

HPV 6 and 11--> koilocytic changes in microscopy?

Answer 81

Laryngeal papilloma

Question 82

Laryngeal carcinoma - origin and location?

Answer 82

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from epithelium lining the vocal cords

Question 83

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from epithelium lining the vocal cords?

Answer 83

Laryngeal carcinoma

Question 84

Laryngeal carcinoma - risk factors?

Answer 84

Alcohol and tabaco

Question 85

Laryngeal carcinoma can arise from?

Answer 85

Laryngeal papilloma

Question 86

Laryngeal papilloma may progress to?

Answer 86

Laryngeal carcinoma

Question 87

Laryngeal carcinoma - presentation?

Answer 87

Hoarsenes, cough, stridor

Question 88

Hoarsenes, cough, stridor?

Answer 88

Laryngeal carcinoma