Last Min Revision CAHHAW

Question 1

Where should a rabbit enclosure be placed? What temperature? What size?

Answer 1

-Prefer cooler temperatures
-4 degrees is in temperature 28 maximum,
-Run should be at least 1.5m² - increase by half for another rabbit
Hutch 0.3m².
-Rabbit should be able to stand up and move around accommodation.
-Wind free area
-Out door area - light Vitamin D
-Stimulation via activities
-Do not feel vulnerable

Question 2

Guinea pigs accommodation, temperature, size, setting

Answer 2

• 18-28 degrees
• Run - 1.5 metre x 1.5 metre x 25cm hight
• Hutch - 30cm hight - 0.2m² floor
• Wind free area, outdoor area with light and environmental Stimulation
• movable run

Question 3

why are wood shaving substrate not generally recommended for rats, hamsters, gerbils, or mice?

Answer 3

rough on feet
dust causes respiratory issues.
paper based products are better such as newspaper or shredded paper.

Question 4

which animal is a wood shaving substrate recommended for?

Answer 4

guinea pig

Question 5

which animals need a litter tray?

Answer 5

cats , rabbits , ferrets

Question 6

what are some different enrichment items that could be placed in an enclosure ?

Answer 6

ropes for rats and mice
plastic tubing and tunnels,
 wooden stumps
wood for chewing
hammocks for rats and ferrets 
indoor and outdoor rabbits should have somewhere to dig
hay balls

Question 7

The special dietary needs of a rabbit

Answer 7

Herbivore
Caecotrophs eaten in night that have high levels of VB and VK
The digestive tract of the rabbit is designed for high fibre and low protein needed for normal peristalsis, correct absorption of vitamins and prevention of dental diseases. VD and calcium are needed for bones and teeth.

high in fibre hay and vegetables should be the main food sauce .

Question 8

what foods should rabbits avoid eating?

Answer 8

kale and spinach as it causes goitre and succulent fruits and vegetables as they can cause diarrhoea as well as sugary foods

Question 9

what diet classification is a rabbit and what kind of digestive system does it have ?

Answer 9

Hind gut fermenters

Herbivores

Question 10

which animals are hind gut fermenters ?

Answer 10

Rabbits and horses

Question 11

what is the normal temperature of a dog?

Answer 11

38.3-38.7 degrees

Question 12

what is the normal respiration rate of a dog?

Answer 12

10 -30 bpm

Question 13

what is the normal pulse rate for a dog?

Answer 13

60 -180 bpm

Question 14

which animals are omnivores?
A. Rabbit
B. Guinea pigs
Ferrets
D. Hamsters
E. Rats 
F. Gerbils
G. Mice

Answer 14

Omnivores are 
D. hamsters
E. rats 
F. Gerbils 
G. Mice

Question 15

are guinea pigs herbivores, Carnivores or Omnivores ?

Answer 15

Herbivores

Question 16

Which vitamin can Guinea pigs not synthesise ?

Answer 16

Vitamin C ascorbic acid

Question 17

What is the guinea pigs diet?

Answer 17

grass, hay, fresh leafy greens complimentary dried foods

vitamin C

Question 18

What is a ferrets dietary needs?

Answer 18

Ferrets are strict carnivores designed to eat their pray whole and can be fed dead chicks, mice , rats, eggs and specially prepared foods.

Question 19

what type of digestive system do dogs, cats, pigs and ferrets have?

Answer 19

monogastric digestive systems

Question 20

which animals have a ruminant digestive system?

Answer 20

beef cattle, dairy cattle, goats, sheep, deer.

Question 21

what is a hind gut fermenters digestive system like?

rabbits horses ostriches

Answer 21

one simple glandular stomach
a hind gut fermenter cecum that will digest plant fibre.
they need to be able to graze often and must eat a lot of fibre , grass or hay will do.

Question 22

what are 3 clinical conditions that can affect a hamster ?

Answer 22

constipation - add more greens to diet can occur after weaning

Bacterial pneumonia - streptococcus and a stressful environment can cause this. they need warmth and antibiotics

impacted cheeks - when food adheres to cheeks, needs emptied and flushed with water.

Question 23

what are 2 clinical conditions that can effect rats?

Answer 23

Chromodacryorrhoes - red tears - an indication of poor health, illness or stress.

Respiratory conditions - husbandry related due to build up of ammonia due to poor ventilation - open mouth breathing - needs antibiotics, NSAID, bronchodilators , dust free bedding.

Question 24

clinical conditions that can effect gerbils and hamsters?

Answer 24

wet tail - stress, diet, and E.coli - antibiotics are given as well as supportive therapy’s and fluid therapy.

Question 25

what can happen if you don’t give a guinea pig vitamin C

Answer 25

They can develop scurvy

Question 26

what are some clinical conditions that can effect rabbits?

Answer 26

Myiasis (fly strike) - diarrhoea , unclean environment, bad grooming causes it - fly eggs develop into maggots that eat into the skin.

Myxomatosis- virus of the pox family transmitted via insect bites eg. fleas or via direct contact with infected rabbits. - rabbits can be vaccinated against this.

Question 27

how can you sex a rat, mouse, hamster, gerbil, or chipmunk ?

Answer 27

examine the anogenital distance - males have a longer anogenital distance than females.

Question 28

what is the normal body temperature for a cat?

Answer 28

38 -38.5 degrees

Question 29

what is the normal pulse rate for a cat?

Answer 29

110-180 bpm

Question 30

what is the normal respiratory rate for a cat?

Answer 30

20 -30bpm

Question 31

what is the normal temperature for a horse ?

Answer 31

38-38.2 degrees

Question 32

what is the normal pulse rate for a horse ?

Answer 32

32-44bpm

Question 33

what is the normal respiratory rate for a horse ?

Answer 33

8 -12 bpm

Question 34

what is the normal body temperature for a rabbit ?

Answer 34

37-39.4 degrees

Question 35

respiratory rate for a rabbit?

Answer 35

35 -60 bpm

Question 36

pulse rate for a rabbit?

Answer 36

198-330

Question 37

what is the normal life span for a rabbit?

Answer 37

7 years

Question 38

what is the normal temperature of a guinea pig?

Answer 38

37.2 - 39.5 degrees

Question 39

respiratory rate of a guinea pig?

Answer 39

40 -80 bpm

Question 40

pulse rate of a guinea pig?

Answer 40

240 -310 bpm

Question 41

temperature of a rat and hamster?

Answer 41

37.7 degrees

Question 42

pulse rate of a rat?

Answer 42

313- 493 bpm

Question 43

respiratory rate of a rat?

Answer 43

71 - 146 bpm

Question 44

when are puppies normally vaccinated?

Answer 44

eight and ten weeks but can be vaccinated as early as four-six weeks of age
2nd dose two to four weeks later.
booster at 6 or 12 months

Question 45

normal vaccines for a dog?

Answer 45

Canine distemper
Canine parvovirus
Kennel cough
Leptospirosis
Parainfluenza

Question 46

normal vaccines for a cat?

Answer 46

Cat flu (feline herpes virus and feline calicivirus)
Feline infectious enteritis
Feline leukaemia virus

Question 47

when should a kitten be vaccinated?

Answer 47

first vaccines at 9 weeks old and then a booster at 3 months.

Question 48

animal welfare act 2006?

Answer 48

animal welfare needs - the 5 freedoms
the need for …
- a suitable environment
- a suitable diet
- the ability to exhibit normal behaviour
- any need the animal has to be housed with or apart from other animals
- protection from pain, suffering, injury and disease .

Question 49

differences between digestive system in herbivores to carnivores ?

Answer 49

carnivores - 1 stomach chamber and simple digestive system ( monogastric)
carnivores have sharp pointed teeth to tear flesh.
carnivores have a lot of hydrochloric acid in their stomachs to help digest animal matter.

herbivores - several stomach cambers and a longer digestive tract - rabbits and horses are hind gut fermenters and goats are ruminant.
Herbivores have large flat teeth to grind plant
herbivores break plant matter down in their mouths using amylase.

Question 50

Donkey enclosure question

Answer 50

consider 5 animal welfare needs
4.5 metres of covered area per donkey - shelter in a stable as coat is not waterproof- suitable environment

need stray- grass
clean water supply - diet

they need to pair bond

Question 51

Donkey diets - LAQ

Answer 51

Donkeys require a diet low in protein, sugar and starch, but high in fibre. For this reason, the basis of their diet should be barley straw all year round with a restricted amount of grass. Therefore, the donkeys’ enclosures must contain a large paddock with the ability to restrict the grassing during period of the year. In winter the grass may need to be supplemented with small amounts of hay. Overweight donkeys are at risk from laminitis and hyperlipaemia. Donkeys should also have access to a clean water supply; they are very fussy about what they drink – this would ensure an appropriate diet which would also ensure the health of the animal and a suitable environment

Question 52

Donkey enclosure LAQ

Answer 52

Allow approximately 4.5 square metres of covered area per donkey, approximately 9 square metres for a pair. Unlike a horse, donkeys do not have a natural build-up of grease to make their coat waterproof, so they should always have access to a shelter or stable- this would help ensure the animals stay healthy as well as providing a suitable environment.

Question 53

cats! some general info

Answer 53

• solitary hunters
  
  • defined territory areas
  • resources
  • avoid conflict
  • may form social groups

2nd most popular pet
often end up in multi cat households

Question 54

some methods of communication (cats)

Answer 54

visual - posture, positioning
auditory - hissing , queen vocalisation in oestrous
tactility - bunting, allo grooming , rubbing
olfactory - pheromone deposition , elimination