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Last minute Flashcards

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1
Q

McCune albright

A

precocious puberty, cafe au lait, fractures

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2
Q

CAH - congenital adrenal hyperplasia

A
  • Presents in girls with ambiguous genitalia - enlarged clitorus
  • Presents in boys with salt loosing crisis, low Na, hyperkalaemia, vomiting, weight loss
  • Raised 17-hydroxyprogesterone is diagnostic of deficiency in the enzyme 21-hydroxylase
  • Replace hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone
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3
Q

Felty syndrome

A

neutropenia, splenomegaly, rheumatoid

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4
Q

What worsens psoriasis

A

Trauma, alcohol, beta blocker, ACEi, NSAID, lithium, antimalarial, withdrawal of steroid

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5
Q

What ligament injured when drop something heavy on foot

A

Lisfranc

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6
Q

Drugs causing digoxin toxicity

A

Thiazide, Amiodarone, furosemide, CCB, cyclosporin, Quinidine, spironolactone

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7
Q

Thelassys test

A

For meniscal injury

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8
Q

Homonymous hemianopia

A
  • incongruous defects: lesion of optic tract
  • congruous defects: lesion of optic radiation or occipital cortex
  • macula sparing: lesion of occipital cortex
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9
Q

TACO vs TRALI

A

TACO - HTN and pulm oedema
TRALI - low BP, pulm oedema and fever

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10
Q

What abx lowers seizure threshold and causes tendinopathy

A

Ciprofloxacin

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11
Q

When to avoid ciprofloxacin

A

G6PD, breast feeding

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12
Q

Plummer vinsen

A

difficulty swallowing, iron-deficiency anemia, glossitis, cheilosis and esophageal webs

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13
Q

Milk alkali

A

Triad of high calcium, alkalosis, renal failure

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14
Q

Hartnup disease

A

Patient presenting with collapse, rash on legs at same time, change in behaviour

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15
Q

placenta accreta

A

Bleeding post birth with history of C section

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16
Q

Driving and aortic aneurysm

A

Inform if >6, stop if >6.5

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17
Q

Renal failure with low vs high sodium in urine

A

Low = pre renal e.g. hypovolaemia
High = ATN

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18
Q

Target cells and raised HbA2

A

Beta thalassaemia

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19
Q

How to treat lymes if pregnant or allergic to doxy

A

amoxicillin

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20
Q

Hard as wood thyroid, hypothyroid

A

Reidels

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21
Q

Bernard soulier

A

Bleeding/ bruising with large platelets

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22
Q

Cushings disease vs syndrome

A

Disease = pituitary, syndrome = all of them

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23
Q

CAP + herpes labialis - organism

A

Strep pneumoniae

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24
Q

Dermoid cyst

A

Rubbery lump above eyebrow

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25
Most common ovarian cancer
Serous carcinoma
26
Meningitis prophylaxis
rifampicin or ciprofloxacin
27
What anti platelet to give in medically managed MI
Ticagrelor
28
What cancer does tamoxifen increase the risk of
Endometrial
29
White patch on tongue that can’t be rubbed off
leukoplakia
30
When to use warfarin instead of DOAC
eGFR < 15 or antiphospholipid syndrome Metallic heart valve
31
Normal IOP, how to treat glaucoma
Normal = <21 - If >24 offer laser trabeculoplasty first line
32
What is PKD associated with
mitral regurg, Berry aneurysm, colonic polyps RCC
33
How to treat bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
Spironolactone
34
How to investigate thyroid nodules
Fine needle biopsy
35
Does hypo or hyperthyroid cause raised prolactin
hypothyroid
36
What to do if HTN in <40yo with no other RF or findings
Refer
37
1st line insulin for T1 vs T2DM
T1 = basal bolus T2 = once daily long acting
38
Child with pubic hair <3yo
hamartoma of posterior hypothalamus
39
T2DM very young with strong family hx of the same
MODY
40
Impaired fasting glucose vs impaired glucose tolerance
Impaired fasting glucose = fasting glucose 6.1-7, normal OGTT < 7.8 Impaired glucose tolerance = OGTT result 7.8-11.1
41
What chromosomal condition causes bicuspid aortic valve and coarctation of aorta
Turners
42
Viral illness followed by non blanching petechiae rash and no fever
ITP
43
confusion whilst taking SSRI - cause
Hyponatraemia
44
Cells seen in CLL
Smudge cells
45
Cells in AML
Auer rods
46
Endocarditis - most commonly affected valve normally and in IVDU
Normal - Mitral IVDU - tricuspid
47
Most common organism in endocarditis, most common with prosthetic heart valve
Staph A Prosthetic - Staph epidermidis
48
Von Willebrand - how present and bloods - how to treat
Epistaxis, bruising, menorrhagia Prolonged APTT, normal platelets Tranexamic acid, demopressin
49
How to treat neuroleptic malignant syndrome, are pupils affected?
Dantrolene and bromocriptine Pupils un affected - are dilated in serotonin syndrome
50
IM benpen doses for meningitis
0-1 - 300 1-10 - 600 >10 - 1200
51
IM adrenaline doses in asthma - how often repeat
0-6m - 100-150mcg 6m-6yr - 150mcg 6-12yr - 300mcg >12 - 500mcg Repeat every 5 mins
52
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - how present, what present on blood test
- Phenotype of women with primary amenorrhoea, lack of secondary sexual characteristics, groin lumps due to undescended testes - Raised testosterone - XY - male
53
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - how present and treat
Women - male secondary sexual characteristics, ambiguous genitalia, hirsutism, primary amenorrhoea Male - salt loosing crisis Treat with cortisol replacement
54
When can do combined vs quadruple screening
Combined 11- 14w Quadruple 15-20w - inhibin and HCG raised, AFP, oestrogen low
55
Polycythaemia - how present, mutation, tx
Itching after hot bath, splenomegaly, clotting, HTN Jak2 Aspirin, venesection, hydroxyurea
56
Termination and medical miscarriage mx
Termination - mifepristone then misoprostol (f for first, s for second) Miscarriage - misoprostol (s for single)
57
Skin involvement in SJS and TEN
SJS <10% TEN >30%
58
Hypersegmented polymorphs
B12 deficiency
59
Tear drop cells
Myelofibrosis
60
Target cells
IDA
61
SOB, palpitations, dizziness, pan systolic murmur - symptoms change with position
Atrial myxoma
62
when to do OGTT in pregnancy
24-28
63
Brown discharge, empty foetal sac
Missed miscarriage
64
What condition caused by c1 esterase deficiency
Hereditary angiodema

MSRA (2 decks)

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