LAST - Sheet1 Flashcards
(394 cards)
1
Q
Mobile operating system based on Linux
A
Android
2
Q
Originally developed by Android Inc.
A
Android
3
Q
Google purchased Android Inc. in ___
A
2005
4
Q
___ is open and free
A
Android OS
5
Q
Open Source
Larger Developer and Community Reach
Increased Marketing
Inter App Integration
Reduced Cost of Development
Higher Success Ratio
Rich Development Environment
A
Android
6
Q
Android =
A
0.7334999999999999
7
Q
Android Versions and their Names
A
Cupcake
Donut
Eclair
Froyo
Gingerbread
Honeycomb
Ice Cream Sandwich
Jellybean
KitKat
Lollipop
Marshmallow
Nougat
Oreo
Pie
Android 10
Android 11
Android 12
8
Q
Both versions are first commercial versions
A
Android 1.0 and 1.1 (Unnamed)
9
Q
Officially released publicly in 2008 and 2008
A
Android 1.0 and 1.1 (Unnamed)
10
Q
The first android commercial version was placed on ____
A
HTC dream device.
11
Q
These versions were released without codename
A
Android 1.0 and 1.1 (Unnamed)
12
Q
Google Maps
Camera
Gmail, Contacts and Google Synchronization
Web Browser
Wireless supports - WiFi and Bluetooth
A
Android 1.0 (alpha);
13
Q
Add Save attachment in message
Provides reviews and details when user search business on maps
A
Android 1.1 (beta):
14
Q
Released in April 2009.
A
Android 1.5 (CupCake)
15
Q
The first released codename with official name.
A
Android 1.5 (CupCake)
16
Q
It brought features in UI design and update several new features
A
Android 1.5 (CupCake)
17
Q
New upload service on Youtube and Picasa like Uploading Videos and Photos
Supporting in MPEG-4, Video recording
Improving Web Browser-Copy and Paste facility
A
Android 1.5 (CupCake)
18
Q
Released in Sept 2009
A
Android 1.6 (Donut)
19
Q
It supports large screen size
Providing Gallery and Camera features
Improve speed in system apps
A
Android 1.6 (Donut)
20
Q
Released in Oct 2009 and 2.1 version released in Dec 2009.
A
Android 2.0 and 2.1 (Eclair)
21
Q
Update UI
Support Live Wallpaper
Support Bluetooth 2.1
Improve Google map
Minor API Changes
A
Android 2.0 and 2.1 (Eclair)
22
Q
Released in May 2010.
A
Android 2.2 (Froyo)
23
Q
Support Animated GIF
WiFI Support Hotspot functionality
Speed improvements
Upload file support in browser
Support numeric and alphanumeric password
A
Android 2.2 (Froyo)
24
Q
Released in December 2010
A
Android 2.3 and 2.4 (Gingerbread)
25
It was officially announced in Nexus S android phone which is Google co-developed with Samsung
Android 2.3 and 2.4 (Gingerbread)
26
Improve Copy-Paste Facility
Updated UI design
Social Networking Supports
Easy use of keyboard
Android 2.3 and 2.4 (Gingerbread)
27
was released in February 2011 quickly followed by 3.1 and 3.2 in July and August, 2011.
Android 3.0, 3.1, and 3.2 (Honeycomb)
28
____ was released in February 2011
Android 3.0
29
Gmail App improvements
Updated 3D UI
Media Sync from SD Card
Google eBooks
Google Talk Video Chat
Support Adobe Flash in Browser
High-performance WiFi Connections and Lock
Chinese handwriting
Android 3.0, 3.1, and 3.2 (Honeycomb)
30
Released in October 2011.
Android 4.0 (Ice-Cream Sandwich)
31
It was Google’s attempt to synthesize Honeycomb
Android 4.0 (Ice-Cream Sandwich)
32
Improved text input and spelling check
WiFi direct
Photo Decor facility
Improve in keyboard correction
Face Lock
Improve in video recording resolution
Camera performance
Up to 16 tabs in web browser
Android 4.0 (Ice-Cream Sandwich)
33
Released in July 2012
Android 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 (Jelly Bean)
34
‘Google now’ is the main feature.
Android 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 (Jelly Bean)
35
Voice Search
Smooth UI
Improve camera application
Security enhancement
Voice typing
Multiple user accounts on tablet only
4k resolution support
Supporting Bluetooth Low Energy
Bi-directional text and other language support
Support USB audio
Lock screen improvement
Set the volume of incoming calls and showing message alert
Native emoji support
Android 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 (Jelly Bean)
36
Released in September 2013
Android 4.4 (Kitkat)
37
Screen Recording
KitKat adds a feature in ‘Google now’. Its name is ‘OK Google’. “OK Google” allows access google now to the user without touching your mobile phone
GPS Support
Offline music support
UI updates for google map navigation and alarm
Also, introduce Emoji’ to google keyboard
Android 4.4 (Kitkat)
38
KitKat adds a feature in ‘Google now’. Its name is ____. _____allows access google now to the user without touching your mobile phone
‘OK Google’
39
Released in November 2014.
Android 5.0 and 5.1 (Lollipop)
40
Support ART(Android RunTime)
Android 5.0 and 5.1 (Lollipop)
41
Save battery on some device
Improvement in UI
New material design
Bug fixes
Multiple sim card support
High definition voice call
Android 5.0 and 5.1 (Lollipop)
42
Released in May 2015
Android 6.0 (Marshmallow)
43
Fingerprint authentication
USB Type C support
Save battery - ‘Sleep Mode’
App permission model-OPT (send request for permission)
New Emoji’s
Android 6.0 (Marshmallow)
44
Released in August 2016.
Android 7.0 (Nougat)
45
It was announced with native split-screen mode and data saver feature.
Android 7.0 (Nougat)
46
Provide multitasking
Providing multi-window mode
Improve in storage manager
Display touch improvement
Android 7.0 (Nougat)
47
Released in August 2017.
Android 8.0 (Oreo)
48
Support PIP(Picture-in-Picture)
Multi-display support
Google Play support
Adaptive Icons
Improve notification system
Android 8.0 (Oreo)
49
Released in August 2018
Android 9.0 (Pie)
50
A “screenshot” button has been added
A new “Lockdown” mode for biometrics
Support for display cutouts
Adaptive Batter prediction
Adaptive brightness modifies screen brightness based on user habits
Android 9.0 (Pie)
51
Released in September 3 2019.
Android 10
52
Known as “Queen Cake”, internally as Quince Tart
Android 10
53
New permissions to access location in background and to access photo, video, and audio files
Sharing shortcuts, which allow sharing content with a contact directly
Dynamic depth format for photos, which allow changing background blur after taking a photo
New system-wide dark theme/mode
Android 10
54
Released in September 8, 2020.
Android 11
55
Known as “Red Velvet Cake”
Android 11
56
Native Screen Recording
Muting notifications during video
Increase touch sensitivity
Notification History
Auto-revoke app permissions
Android 11
57
Released in October 4, 2021.
Android 12
58
Known as “Snow Cone”
Android 12
59
Scrolling Screenshots
AppSearch
Improved Auto-Rotate
Easier WiFi Sharing
One-Handed Mode
Rich Content Insertion
Overview Suggestions
Game Mode APIs
Android 12
60
Released in August 15, 2022
Android 13
61
Known as “Tiramisu”
Android 13
62
Improved Security Features
New Reading Mode
Digital Car Keys
Native LE Bluetooth Support
Additional Material You Theme Options
QR Code Scanner Support
Android 13
63
Released in October 4, 2023
Android 14
64
Known as “Upside Down Cake”
Android 14
65
Smarter Scaling and Large Fonts
Notification Flashes
Restrictions for Photo and Video Access
Protected Pin
Data Protection
Regional Preferences
Predictive Back Gestures
Health Connect
Android 14
66
Released in August 13, 2024.
Android 15
67
Known as “Vanilla Ice Cream”
Android 15
68
SQL
Media
Connectivity
Messaging
Mobile Applications
Multi touch
Android Features
69
A software stack of components to support a mobile device needs
Android Architecture
70
_______ contains a Linux Kernel, collection of c/c++ libraries which is exposed through an application framework services, runtime and application.
Android software stack
71
Applications
Android Framework
Android Runtime
Platform Libraries
Linux Kernel
Android software stack
72
is the main component in android to provide its operating system functions to mobile.
Linux Kernel
73
which is responsible for running a mobile application
Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM)
74
Prerequisites of Android Studio
JDK
Android Studio
75
lets you carry out a wide range of actions, including running your app and launching Android tools
toolbar
76
helps you navigate through your project and open files for editing. It provides a more compact view of the structure visible in the Project window
navigation bar
77
is where you create and modify code. Depending on the current file type, the editor can change. For example, when viewing a layout file, the editor displays the Layout Editor
editor window
78
runs around the outside of the IDE window and contains the buttons that allow you to expand or collapse individual tool windows
tool window bar
79
give you access to specific tasks like project management, search, version control, and more. You can expand them and collapse them
tool windows
80
displays the status of your project and the IDE itself, as well as any warning or messages
status bar
81
Connect your Android Phone to the computer
Make sure USB Debugging is enabled (you can do this by enabling Developer options first)
Run on real Device
82
Navigate to Device Manager and select Create Device
Select your screen size and kind of phone
Select Android SDK version
Run on Emulator
83
are the essential building blocks of an Android application.
Application Components
84
Application components are loosely coupled by the application manifest file ___that describes each component of the application and how they interact
AndroidManifest.xml
85
These components are loosely coupled by the application manifest file AndroidManifest.xml that describes each component of the application and how they interact
Application Components
86
They dictate the UI and handle the user interaction to the smart phone screen
Activities
87
They handle background processing associated with an application
Services
88
They handle communication between Android OS and applications
Broadcast Receivers
89
They handle data and database management issues
Content Providers
90
An _____ represents a single screen with a user interface, in-short ____ performs actions on the screen.
Activity
91
An activity is implemented as a subclass of Activity class as follows –
public class MainActivity extends Activity{}
92
is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations.
service
93
might play music in the background while the user is in a different application, or it might fetch data over the network without blocking user interaction with an activity.
service
94
A service is implemented as a subclass of Service class as follows –
public class MyService extends Service{}
95
simply respond to broadcast messages from other applications or from the system.
Broadcast Receivers
96
implemented as a subclass of BroadcastReceiver class and each message is broadcaster as an Intent object
broadcast receiver
97
BroadCast Receiver Syntax
public class MyReceiver extends Broadcast Receiver{
public void onReceive(context,intent){}
}
98
component supplies data from one application to others on request.
content providers
99
A content provider component supplies data from one application to others on request. Such requests are handled by the methods of the ____ class.
ContentResolver
100
The data may be stored in the file system, the database or somewhere else entirely
content providers
101
is implemented as a subclass of ContentProvider class and must implement a standard set of APIs that enable other applications to perform transactions.
content providers
102
represents a portion of user interface in an Activity
Fragment
103
UI elements that are drawn on-screen including buttons, lists forms etc.
Views
104
view hierarchies that control screen format and appearance of the views
Layouts
105
messages wiring components together
Intents
106
external elements, such as strings, constants and drawable pictures
Resources
107
configuration file for the application
Manifest
108
are the additional files and static content that your code uses, such as bitmaps, layout definitions, user interface strings, animation instructions, and more
Resources
109
are always maintained separately in various sub-directories under res/ directory of the project
resources
110
Android Resources are always maintained separately in various sub-directories under ___ directory of the project
res/
111
XML files that define Property animations
animator/
112
XML files that define property animations. They are saved in res/anim/ folder and accessed from the R.anim class
anim/
113
XML files that define property animations. They are saved in ___ folder and accessed from the ___ class
res/anim/, R.anim
114
XML files that define Tween animations.
anim/
115
____ can also be saved in this directory, but the animator/directory is preferred for property animations to distinguish between the two types
Property animations
116
XML files that define a state list of colors.
color/
117
XML files that define a state list of colors. They are saved in __ and accessed from the ___ class
res/color/, R.color
118
images like .png, .jpg, .gif or XML files that are compiled into bitmaps, state lists, shapes, animation drawable.
drawable/
119
images like .png, .jpg, .gif or XML files that are compiled into bitmaps, state lists, shapes, animation drawable. They are saved in __ and accessed from the ___ class
res/drawable/, R.drawable
120
Bitmap files (PNG, .9.png, JPG, or GIF) or XML files that are compiled into the following drawable resource subtypes
drawable/
121
Bitmap files
Nine-patches (re-sizeable bitmaps)
State lists
Shapes
Animation drawables
Other drawables
Bitmap files (PNG, .9.png, JPG, or GIF) or XML files that are compiled into the following drawable resource subtypes:
122
XML files that define a user interface layout.
layout/
123
XML files that define a user interface layout. They are saved in ____ and accessed from the ___class.
res/layout/, R.layout
124
XML files that define application menus, such as an Options Menu, Context Menu, or Sub Menu.
menu/
125
XML files that define application menus, such as an Options Menu, Context Menu, or Sub Menu. They are saved in ___ and accessed from the ___class
res/menu/, R.menu
126
Arbitrary files to save in their raw form.
raw/
127
Arbitrary files to save in their raw form. You need to call ______ with the resource ID, which is _____ to open such raw files.
Resources.openRawResource(), R.raw.filename
128
Arbitrary files to save in their raw form. To open these resources with a raw _____, call Resources.openRawResource() with the resource ID, which s R.raw.filename.
InputStream
129
However, if you need access to the original filenames and file hierarchy, consider saving resources in the ____instead of res/raw/. Files in assets/ aren’t given a resource ID, so you can only read them using ___-
asset/ directory, AssetManager
130
XML files that contain simple values, such as strings, integers, and colors
values/
131
Whereas XML resource files in other res/ subdirectories define a single resource based on the XM filename, files in the values/ directory describe multiple resources
values/
132
For a file in values/ directory, each child of the ____ element defines a single resource. For example, a element creates an R.string resource, and a element creates an R.color resource
133
Because each resource is defined with its own XML element, you can name the file whatever you want and place different resource types in one file.
t
134
arrays.xml for resources arrays
Typed arrays
135
colors.xml for
Color Values
136
dimens.xml for
Dimension Values
137
strings.xml for
String values
138
styles.xml for
Styles
139
Arbitrary XML files that can be read at runtime by calling Resources.getXML().
xml/
140
xml/ - Arbitrary XML files that can be read at runtime by calling ____.
Resources.getXML()
141
Arbitrary XML files that can be read at runtime by calling Resources.getXML(). Various XML configuration files must be saved here, such as a ____
Search configuration.
142
Font files with extensions such as TTF, OTF, or TTC, or XML files that include a element.
font/
143
when your Android application is compiled, a R class gets generated, which contains resource IDs for all the resources available in your res/ directory. You can use R class to access that resource using sub-directory and resource name or directly resource ID
Accessing Resources in Code
144
when your Android application is compiled, a _class gets generated, which contains resource IDs for all the resources available in your res/ directory.
R
145
when your Android application is compiled, a R class gets generated, which contains resource IDs for all the resources available in your ___ directory.
res/
146
You can use ___ to access that resource using sub-directory and resource name or directly resource ID
R class
147
to access
res/drawable/myimage.png and set an ImageView, you will use following cod
ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.myimageview);
imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.myimage);
148
Consider next example where
res/values/strings.xml has following definition –
149
you can set the text on a TextView object with ID msg using a resource ID as follows –
TextView msgTextView (TextView) findViewById(R.id.msg);
msgTextView.setText(R.string.hello);
150
Consider a layout
res/layout/activity_main.xml with the following definition –
151
This application code will load this layout for an Activity, in the onCreate() method as follows –
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
152
Consider the following resource XML
res/values/strings.xml file that includes a color resource and a string resource –
Now you can use these resources in the following layout file to set the text color and text string as follows –
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
153
is one screen of the Android app’s user interface
Android activity
154
may contain one or more activities, meaning one or more screens.
Android app
155
tarts by showing the main activity, and from there the app may make it possible to open additional activities
Android app
156
Activity Life Cycle
Created -> Started -> Resumed -> Paused -> Stopped -> Destroyed
157
Any Android activity goes through a certain ___ during its life inside the Android app
life cycle
158
All activities in your Android apps are represented by an ___
activity class.
159
All activities in your Android apps are represented by an activity class. These activity classes are subclasses of _____
android.app.Activity.
160
contains a set of methods that corresponds to the life cycle
activity class.
161
this is the first callback and called when the activity is first created
onCreate()
162
this callback is called when the activity becomes visible to the user
onStart()
163
this is called when the user starts interacting with the application
onResume()
164
the paused activity does not receive user input and cannot execute any code and called when the current activity is being paused and the previous activity is being resumed
onPause()
165
this callback is called when the activity is no longer visible
onStop()
166
this callback is called before the activity is destroyed by the system
onDestroy()
167
this callback is called when the activity restarts after stopping it
onRestart()
168
is a subclass of the Android class android.app.Activity
activity
169
An activity is a subclass of the Android class ____
android.app.Activity
170
All activities, should be documented on your ___
manifest file.
171
All activities, should be documented on your manifest file. To do this, add an ___ element as a child of the ____ element
172
An activity is a subclass of the Android class android.app.Activity
import android.app.Activity
173
All activities, should be documented on your manifest file. To do this, add an element as a child of the element
174
An activity class loads all the UI component using the XML file available in ____ of the project during the onCreate() callback.
res/layout folder
175
An activity class loads all the UI component using the XML file available in res/layout folder of the project during the ____ callback.
onCreate()
176
Following statement loads UI components from res/layout/activity_main.xml file:
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
177
Defines the structure for a user interface in your app, such as an activity.
Layouts
178
All elements are built using a hierarchy of ___ and ___ objects
View, ViewGroup
179
All elements are built using a hierarchy of View and ViewGroup objects
Layouts
180
usually draws something the user can see and interact with
View
181
invisible container that defines the layout structure for View and other ViewGroup objects
ViewGroup
182
ViewGroup - invisible container that defines the layout structure for View and other ViewGroup objects
View, ViewGroup
183
Each layout file must contain exactly ____, which must be a View or ViewGroup object
one root element
184
Once you’ve defined the root element, you can add additional layout objects or widgets as ____
child elements
185
objects are usually called “widgets” cand can be one of many subclasses, such as Button or TextView
View
186
objects are usually called “layouts” can be one of many types that provide a different layout structure, such as LinearLayout or ConstraintLayout
ViewGroup
187
Declare UI Elements in XML
Instantiate Layout Elements at Runtime
View and ViewGroup can be declared in two ways:
188
Declare UI elements in XML
create layout in xml ->
load the xml from activity:
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
189
Instantiate Layout Elements at Runtime
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity{
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
TextView textView1 = new TextView(this);
textView1.setText("Name:");
EditText editText1 = new EditText(this);
editText1.setText("Enter Name");
Button button1 = new Button(this);
button1.setText("Add Name");
LinearLayout linearLayout = newLinearLayout(this);
linearLayout.addView(textView1);
linearLayout.addView(editText1);
linearLayout.addView(button1);
setContentView(linearLayout);
}
}
190
defines the architecture for the UI in an Activity or a component of a UI
layout resource
191
Layout Resource file location:
res/layout/filename.xml
192
file location:
res/layout/filename.xml
The filename will be used as the ____
resource ID
193
Resource pointer to a view (or subclass) resource
Layout Resource compiled resource datatype:
194
In Java: R.layout.filename
In XML: @[package:]layout/filename
Layout Resource resource reference:
195
Layout Resource - syntax
196
a container for other View elements
197
LinearLayout, Relative Layout, and FrameLayout
198
Do not assume that any derivation from ViewGroup will accept nested Views.
199
Some ViewGroups are implementations of the _____ , which determines its children only from an Adapter
AdapterView class
200
android:id
android:layout_height
android:layout_width
201
an individual UI component, generally referred to as a “widget”
202
Different kinds of ____ include TextView, Button, and CheckBox
View objects
203
android:id
android:layout_height
android:layout_width
204
More attributes are supported by the ___, and many more are supported by each implementation of View
View base class
205
Resource ID. A unique resource name for the element, which you can use to obtain a reference to the View or ViewGroup from your application
android:id
206
For ID value, use syntax form: ____
“@+id/name”.
207
The ___ symbol, indicates that this is a new resource ID and the aapt tool will create a new resource integer in the R.java.class, if it doesn’t already exist
plus
208
The plus symbol, +, indicates that this is a new resource ID and the ___ tool will create a new resource integer in the R.java.class, if it doesn’t already exist
aapt
209
Dimension or keyword. Required.
android:layout_height and android:layout_width
210
can be expressed using any of the dimension units supported by Android (px, dp, sp, pt, in, mm) or
height and width
211
sets the dimension to match that of a parent element.
match_parent
212
match_parent - sets the dimension to match that of a parent element. Added in ___ to deprecate fill_parent
API Level 8
213
sets the dimension only to the size required to fit the content of this element
wrap_content
214
you can create your own custom View and ViewGroup elements and apply them to your layout the same as a standard layout element. You can also specify the attributes supported in the XML element
Custom View elements
215
Loading View
Define a view/widget in the layout file and assign it a unique ID:
Then create an instance of the view object and capture it from the layout (typically in the onCreate() method)
Button myButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.my_button);
216
used to uniquely identify the view and ViewGroup
android:id
217
used to define the width for View and ViewGroup elements in layout
android:layout_width
218
used to define the height for View and ViewGroup elements in layout
android:layout_height
219
used to define the extra space in left slide for View and ViewGroup elements in layout
android:layout_marginLeft
220
used to define the extra space in right side for View and ViewGroup elements in layout
android:layout_marginRight
221
used to define the extra space on top for View and ViewGroup elements in layout
android:layout_marginTop
222
used to define the extra space in bottom side for View and ViewGroup elements in layout
android:layout_marginBottom
223
used to define the left slide padding for View and ViewGroup elements in layout files
android:paddingLeft
224
used to define the right side padding for View and ViewGroup elements in layout files
android:paddingRigh
225
used to define padding for View and ViewGroup elements in layout files on top side
android:paddingTop
226
used to define the bottom side padding for View and ViewGroup elements in layout files
android:paddingBottom
227
used to define how child Views are positioned
android:layout_gravity
228
Linear Layout
Relative Layout
Frame Layout
Table Layout
Web View
List View
Grid View
Layout Types
229
is a ViewGroup subclass which s used to render all child View instances one by one either in Horizontal direction or Vertical direction based on the orientation property
LinearLayout
230
In android, we can specify the linear layout orientation using ______ attribute
android:orientation attribute
231
which is used to specify the position of child View instances relative to each other (Child A to the left of Child B) or relative to the parent (Aligned to the top of parent)
Relative Layout
232
very useful to design user interface because by using ___ we can eliminate the nested view groups and keep our layout hierarchy flat, which improves performance of application
Relative Layout
233
is a ViewGroup subclass which is used to specify the position of View instances
Frame Layout
234
It contains on the top of each other to display only single View inside the ____
Frame Layout
235
designed to block out an area on the screen to display a single item
Frame Layout
236
It acts as a placeholder on the screen and it is used to hold a single child view
Frame Layout
237
The child views are added in a stack and the most recently added child will show on the top.
FrameLayout
238
The child views are added in a stack and the most recently added child will show on the top. We can add multiple children views to FrameLayout and control their position by using ____ in FrameLayout
gravity attributes
239
is a ViewGroup subclass which is used to display the child View elements in rows and columns
Table Layout
240
It position its children elements into rows and columns and it won’t display any border lines for rows, columns, or cells
Table Layout
241
in android will work same as HTML table and table will have as many columns as the row with the most cells.
Table Layout
242
can be explained as and TableRow is like
