Last years exam 2

Question 1

The mycotoxin that is recognized for its vasoconstrictive effects (blood vessel constriction) which may lead to lameness is:

-Ochratoxin
-All choices are correct
-Vomitoxin
-Ergot
-Zearalenone

Answer 1

Ergot

Question 2

Sweet clover poisoning is due to:

-Antagonism of the action of Vitamin K
-Moldy sweet clover
-Dicoumarin
-All choices are correct

Answer 2

All choices are correct

Question 3

Nitrate poisoning can result from:

-Fertilizing pastures without removing animals
-Conversion of nitrates to nitrites by rumen microorganisms
-All choices are correct
-Careless discarding of fertilizer bags

Answer 3

All choices are correct

Question 4

House flies:

-Have a life cycle that lasts one year
-Lay eggs in fresh manure and decaying organic material
-Require an intermediate host
-Have piercing mouth parts
-Are three host parasites

Answer 4

-Lay eggs in fresh manure and decaying organic material

Question 5

Large strongyles infestations of horses:

-May be expressed clinically in the form of colic
-All choices are correct
-Are a common occurrence in horses in Nebraska
-Can be controlled by good pasture management and the use of anthelmintic
-Can cause damage to the circulatory system of the host

Answer 5

All choices are correct

Question 6

(T/F) Mosquitoes are most effectively controlled by destroying breeding areas

Answer 6

True

Question 7

(T/F) Face flies and horn flies deposit their eggs only in fresh manure

Answer 7

True

Question 8

(T/F) Animals infected with Psoroptic scabies require immediate quarantine and treatment.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

(T/F) A two host tick requires two hosts to complete its life cycle.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

The infective larval stage of the bovine abomasal parasite, Ostertagia spp. is:

-L4
-L2
-L3
-L1
-L5

Answer 10

L3

Question 11

Sheep keds are:

-Require multiple hosts
-Ticks
-Flies without wings
-Have little effect on wool quality

Answer 11

Flies without wings

Question 12

Horn flies:

-Spend most of their “me on the host Lay eggs in fresh manure
-All choices are correct
-May be effectively controlled using self application devices (dust bags)
-May be a problem in cattle on pasture

Answer 12

All choices are correct

Question 13

The goals of parasite control includes:

-Prevent heavy parasite exposure to susceptible hosts -Encourage development of immunity to host
-Reduce pasture contamination
-All choices are correct
-Minimize the effects of parasite burden in the host

Answer 13

All choices are correct

Question 14

Lice:

-May be controlled by vaccination
-survive only a short time off the host
-Are transmi!ed primarily by a contaminated environment Have been eradicated from the Midwest
-All choices are correct

Answer 14

survive only a short time off the host

Question 15

Abomasal parasite control measures include:

-Sanitation
-Rotational grazing
-Anthelmintics
-All choices are correct
-Decreasing stocking density

Answer 15

All choices are correct

Question 16

The major effect of mycotoxicoses on affected animals is:

-Feed refusal
-Abortion
-Coma
-Infertility
-Death

Answer 16

Feed refusal

Question 17

Selenium toxicity:

-Affects cattle
-May cause hair loss and abnormal hoof growth
-May result in lameness
-All choices are correct
-Affects horses

Answer 17

All choices are correct

Question 18

(T/F) Liver flukes are especially important in the desert Southwest.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

(T/F) Spraying is an effective method for control of large strongyles in horses.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

(T/F) The adult stage of a parasite is usually more destructive to the host than is the larval stage.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

(T/F) Horn flies are relatively easier to control than are face flies.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

(T/F) Tail-rubbing is a classical sign of pinworm infestation in horses.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

(T/F) House flies and stable flies deposit their eggs only in fresh manure.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Urea:

-Urea toxicity may result from excess urea in feed
-Clinical signs are acute
-Ruminants need to be acclimated to non-protein nitrogen
-Is an inexpensive form of protein for ruminants
-All choices are correct

Answer 24

All choices are correct

Question 25

Which of the following is required for an agent to be infectious?

Answer 25

All choices are correct

Question 26

(T/F) Understanding the life cycle of a parasite is not necessary for effective control.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

Lice: -All choices are correct -Infestations are economically important -Tend to be host specific -Entire life cycle occurs on the host -Prefer cold weather

Answer 27

All choices are correct

Question 28

(T/F) Cattle grubs are the immature larval form of Warble flies

Answer 28

True

Question 29

(T/F) Heel flies have a very painful bite and are voracious blood feeders.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

(T/F) The life cycle of the Warble fly requires a year to complete.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

(T/F) The biting mouth parts of face flies may cause damage to the cornea and contribute to the development of bovine pinkeye.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

(T/F) Sanitation and manure management is the key controlling stable and house flies.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

A parasitoid is: -A trapping device for parasites -A feed additive for parasite control -A parasiticide such as pyrethroid -A miniature wasp

Answer 33

A miniature wasp

Question 34

(T/F) Sheep bots develop and mature within the stomach, similar to horse bots.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

The abomasal parasites of sheep and cattle include: -Ostertagia, Nematodirus, Trichostrongylus -Ostertagia, Cooperia, Trichostrongylus -Cooperia, Nematodirus, Haemonchus -Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus

Answer 35

Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus

Question 36

(T/F) Part of the Ascarid life cycle involves migra"on through the lung.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

(T/F) Inactivated vaccines generally induce immunity of shorter duration than the immunity induced by living vaccines.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

(T/F) All antibiotics have the same mechanism of action on bacterial cells.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

(T/F) Passive immunity from colostrum consumption lasts longer than active immunity from natural infection or from vaccination.

Answer 39

False

Question 40

Viruses generally have the ability to remain infectious in the environment longer than bacteria.

Answer 40

False

Question 41

(T/F) Viruses may be visualized using a light microscope

Answer 41

False

Question 42

(T/F) Prions are susceptible to or destroyed by most commonly used disinfectants.

Answer 42

False

Question 43

(T/F) Antibiotics are equally effective against bacterial and viral infections.

Answer 43

False

Question 44

(T/F) Disinfectants are designed to be used on living tissue

Answer 44

False

Question 45

Characteristics of viral infections in animals include: -Elevated body temperature (fever) -Not responsive to antibiotic treatment -All choices are correct -Lack of "pus" formation -Rapid onset

Answer 45

All choices are correct

Question 46

Bacterial spores are: -Resistant to certain disinfectants. -All choices are correct -Dormant structures. -Aids in the survival of the bacterium.

Answer 46

All choices are correct

Question 47

Which of the following is the best choice for the disinfection of a scalpel between animals when castrating? -Formaldehyde solution -Sunlight -Chlorine (Chlorox) -Boric acid -Phenolic compound

Question 48

Characteristics of the disinfectant, chlorine, include: -Inexpensive and effective at a low concentration -Activity is inhibited by organic material -All choices are correct -Has a broad spectrum of activity against pathogens -Corrosive, but kills spores

Answer 48

All choices are correct

Question 49

Non-specific host defense mechanisms include: -Phagocytosis -Neutrophils -Interferon -All choices are correct -Lysozyme

Answer 49

Phagocytosis

Question 50

All of the following protozoal infections are important in North America except: -Trypanosomiasis -Coccidiosis -Trichomoniasis -Cryptosporidiosis

Answer 50

Trypanosomiasis