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latin gramma > latin gramma > Flashcards

latin gramma Flashcards

(42 cards)

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1
Q

what is the nominative?

A

the nominative case is the subject the person doing the action
caecillius
puella
milites

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2
Q

what is the accusative?

A

The accusative case is used for the object of the sentence (i.e. the person/thing which is having something done to it by the subject of the sentence).
Quintus puellam vidit. Quintus saw the girl.
miles mercatorem conspexit. The soldier caught sight of the merchant.

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3
Q

what is the vocative?

A

The vocative case is used when you are addressing someone. It usually
has the same ending as the nominative.
tace, Quinte! Shut up, Quintus!

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4
Q

what is the genitive?

A

The genitive case in Latin is used for the word ‘OF’.
iuvenis vocem feminae laudavit.
The young man praised the voice of the woman (or the woman’s voice).

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5
Q

what is the dative?

A

The dative case in Latin is used for the words ‘TO’ or ‘FOR’.
Quintus donum Caecilio dat. Quintus gives a gift to Cecilias.
imperator arma militibus emit. The general buys weapons for the soldiers.

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6
Q

what are declensions?

A

Latin nouns are also divided into declensions or groups and the endings which each noun has depends on which declension it belongs to.

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7
Q

how can you work out a declension?

A

You can work out which declension a noun is in by looking at the endings of the nominative singular and genitive singular of a noun in the vocabulary. All nouns are written out in dictionaries and vocabularies giving their nominative singular, genitive singular, gender and meaning.

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8
Q

what do 3rd declension nous often do?

A

Third Declension nouns often change stem in the genitive

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9
Q

what are the different cases of the 1st declension?

A 
singular 
nom paella
 voc paella
 acc puellam 
gen puellae 
dat paella

plur.
nom puellae 
voc puellae
 acc puellas 
gen puellarum 
dat puellis
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10
Q

what are the different cases of the 2nd declension?

A 
singular 
nom servus
 voc serve
 accu servum 
gen servi 
dat   servo

plural 
nom servi 
voc   servi 
acc   servos 
gen   servorum 
dat    servis
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11
Q

what are the different cases of the 3rd declension?

A 
singular 
nom  mercator 
voc    mercator
 acc   mercatorem 
gen    mercatoris 
dat     mercator

plural 
nom  mercatores 
voc    mercatores 
acc    mercatores 
gen   mercatorum 
dat    mercatoribus
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12
Q

what is it important to know about verbs ?

A

The most important thing to know about any verb is its principal parts. A verb has three principal parts + English meaning. This knowledge will help you identify and form all the different tenses and persons of the verb.

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13
Q

what are the 3 parts to a verb?

A

present (active)
infinitive
past (perfect)

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14
Q

what the present active of the verbs? 1st conjunction

A

porto ends in o

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15
Q

whats the infinitive of the verbs? 1st conjunction

A

portare ends in re meaning to do something

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16
Q

whats the perfect past? 1st conjunction

A

portavi ends i

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17
Q

what s the 2nd conjunction of verbs?

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A

present - eo
infinitve- ere
perfect- ui

18
Q

whats the 1st conjunction of verbs?

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A

present-o
infinitive-are
perfect- avi

19
Q

whats the 3rd conjunction of verbs?

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A

present-o(rarely io)
infinitive-ere
perfect- i

20
Q

whats the 4th conjunction of verbs?

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A

present-io
infinitive-ire
perfect- ivi/ii

21
Q

what is the third participle?

Study These Flashcards
A

The third principal part is a much less reliable as an indicator of conjugation as there are many irregular forms.

22
Q

what do you need to know to form different part of verbs?

Study These Flashcards
A

the stems
eg
portare  porta
impedire  impediv

23
Q

whats the present tense endings?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • O
  • S
  • T
  • MUS
  • TIS
  • NT
24
Q

whats the imperfect tense endings (was or were ing)?

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A
  • BAM
  • BAS
  • BAT
  • BAMUS
  • BATIS
  • BANT
25
Whats the perfect tense endings (ed) ?
``` I ISTI IT IMUS ISTIS ERUNT ```
26
Whats the pluperfect endings?
``` ERAM ERAS ERAT ERAMUS ERATIS ERANT ```
27
What are the person endings?
``` sum es est sumus estis sunt ```
28
what are the different endings of the verb to be able?
``` possum- i am able potes potest possumus potestis possunt ```
29
what are the different endings of the verb to want?
``` volo I want vis vult volumus vultis volunt ```
30
what are the different endings of to not want?
``` nolo I do not want non vis non vult nolumus non vultis nolunt ```
31
what are adjectives?
Adjectives are words which describe nouns. In Latin, they change their endings to agree in number (sg. or pl.), gender (masc./fem./neut.) and case (nom./acc./gen. etc.) with the noun that they go with.
32
what are masculine adjective verb endings?
``` 1st 2nd nom bonus pulcher voc Bone pulcher acc bonum pulchrum gen boni pulchri dat Bono pulchro abl Bono pulchro pl. nom boni pulchri voc boni pulchri acc bonos pulchros gen bonorum pulchrorum dat bonis pulchro abl bonis pulchro ```
33
what are the female adjective verb endings?
``` sg 1st 2nd nom bona pulchra voc bona pulchra acc bonam pulchram gen bonae pulchrae dat bonae pulchrae abl bona pulchra pl nom bonae pulchrae voc bonae pulchrae acc bonas pulchras gen bonaru pulchrarum dat bonis pulchris abl bonis pulchris ```
34
what are the neuter forms of adjectives
``` sg nom bonum pulchrum voc bonum pulchrum acc bonum pulchrum gen boni pulchri dat bono pulchro abl bono pulchro pl nom bona pulchra voc bona pulchra acc bona pulchra gen bonorum pulchrorum dat bonis pulchris abl bonis pulchris ```
35
what are comparatives and superlatives?
In Latin, the comparative form of the adjective is used if you want to say ‘more ----’ or ‘----er’ and the superlative if you want to say ‘most ----’, ‘very ----’ or ‘----est’. Comparatives and Superlatives are still adjectives and agree in number, gender and case with the noun they go with.
36
what are examples of comparatives and superlatives?
latus -wide latior- wider latissimus- widest
37
how do you say this in latin?
``` singular nom m-hic f-haec n-hoc singular accusative m-hunc f-hanc n-hoc plural nom m-hi f-hae plural acc m-hos f-has ```
38
how do you say that?
``` sg nom m ille f illa n illud sg acc m illum f illam n illud pl nom m illi f illae pl acc m illos f illas ```
39
what are imperatives ?
order someone to do something
40
what are singular imperative endings?
a, e, e, i
41
what are plural imperative endings?
ate, ete, ite,
42
what are present participles?
portans, docens, trahens

latin gramma (7 decks)

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