Latin Terminology

Question 1

cognitio

Answer 1

procedure for litigation during the imperial era - whole case is adjudicated by magistrate

Question 2

decreta

Answer 2

decisions made for individual cases

Question 3

edictum

Answer 3

law that can be made at the Emperor’s will

Question 4

mandata

Answer 4

instructions to magistrates

Question 5

peregrinus

Answer 5

non-citizen

Question 6

praetor

Answer 6

elected magistrate

Question 7

rescripta

Answer 7

responses to personal letters

Question 8

usucapio

Answer 8

acquisition of property through possession

Question 9

familia

Answer 9

family (rights to inheritance etc.)

Question 10

ius civile

Answer 10

laws created for Roman citizens

Question 11

ius gentium

Answer 11

law of nations - created for all

Question 12

peculium

Answer 12

a slave’s personal property

Question 13

res mancipi

Answer 13

valuable agricultural property

Question 14

vindicatio

Answer 14

owner must prove ownership to restore property

Question 15

res communes

Answer 15

things common to all man

Question 16

res nullius

Answer 16

things belonging to no one

Question 17

res publicae

Answer 17

things belonging to the State

Question 18

res sacrae

Answer 18

things consecrated by the gods

Question 19

res universitatis

Answer 19

things intended for public use

Question 20

sui iuris

Answer 20

under one’s own power

Question 21

traditio

Answer 21

delivery and iusta causa

Question 22

iusta causa

Answer 22

just cause for transaction

Question 23

usufruct

Answer 23

right to use another’s property, and to take its fruits

Question 24

usus

Answer 24

entitlement to use property, but not to take its fruits

Question 25

manus

Answer 25

marriage in which the wife comes under the potestas of husband's paterfamilias - severs all former agnatic ties

Question 26

alieni iuris

Answer 26

under the power of another

Question 27

agnate

Answer 27

individual in a family - related to all other people under the potestas of the same paterfamilias

Question 28

adrogatio

Answer 28

the adoption of a sui iuris person

Question 29

adoptio

Answer 29

the adoption of an alieni iuris

Question 30

12 tables date

Answer 30

450 BCE

Question 31

Justinian's Digest

Answer 31

530 CE

Question 32

Transition from monarchy to republic

Answer 32

509 BCE

Question 33

Transition from republic to empire

Answer 33

27 CE

Question 34

caveat emptor

Answer 34

buyer must be aware of defects before purchase

Question 35

societas

Answer 35

partnership between 2 or more for mutual benefit

Question 36

iniuria

Answer 36

harm or injury to a free person by unjustifiable, intentional, and insulting behaviour

Question 37

negotorium gestio

Answer 37

conducting another person's affairs without their consent

Question 38

occupatio

Answer 38

taking possession of certain types of property

Question 39

pignus

Answer 39

contract whereby property was transferred by a borrower to a lender by way of mortgage

Question 40

commodatum

Answer 40

contract whereby use of a corporeal object was transferred gratuitously

Question 41

depositum

Answer 41

contract whereby safekeeping of a movable object was transferred gratuitously

Question 42

4 types of contract

Answer 42

Verbal Consensual Literal Real

Question 43

Lex Julia de adulteriis

Answer 43

- Criminalises stuprum/adultery - Husband MUST prosecute/divorce wife - Third parties can prosecute - Limits rights of husband to exact private vengeance

Question 44

humiliores

Answer 44

plebians

Question 45

cessio in iure

Answer 45

surrender of property

Question 46

conubium

Answer 46

right to a manus marriage

Question 47

commercium

Answer 47

right to participate in ius civile transactions

Question 48

contrectatio

Answer 48

the act of laying hands on another's property with the intent to take/use

Question 49

lex Fufia Caninia

Answer 49

Restricts the number of slaves that could be freed by will to 100

Question 50

Remedy for robbery

Answer 50

Fourfold damages, provided the case was brought within a year of the robbery

Question 51

infamia

Answer 51

Legal disgrace: social disgrace and prevention from holding honourable positions, represent/be represented in litigation, often left intestate

Question 52

stipulatio

Answer 52

Unilateral/strici iuris contract whereby an obligation is created when one person makes a formal promise in response to a formal question

Question 53

Stuprum vs. adultery

Answer 53

Stuprum: unlawful sex Adultery: sex with another while married

Question 54

emptio venditio

Answer 54

contract of sale

Question 55

cognate

Answer 55

relatives on the mother's side of the family