Laws Flashcards
(180 cards)
1
Q
TIME - If the ball is not dead, when may a referee interrupt play and stop time?
A
For a player injury or to communicate with other referees (i.e. if the assistant referee’s flag is up indicating foul play).
2
Q
TIME - If the ball is dead, what can the referee allow time for?
A
Player replacement, re-tying boot laces, retrieving the ball.
3
Q
TIME - A half ends when the ball becomes dead unless:
A
- A scrum, lineout, or restart kick following a try awarded before time expired.
- The referee awards a free-kick or penalty
- A penalty is kicked into touch without the ball first being tapped or touching another player - allow the lineout to play
- A try has been scored. If scored after full time, the conversion is still allowed to happen.
4
Q
MATCH OFFICIALS - when does the ball become dead (Law 6.9)
A
- The ball is in touch or touch in-goal
- The ball is grounded in-goal
- A conversion has been attempted
- A try, penalty, or dropped goal has been scored.
- The ball or ball-carrier touches the dead-ball line or anything beyond it.
- The ball hits anything above the playing area.
5
Q
MATCH OFFICIALS - What happens if the referee touches the ball? (Law 6.10-6.12)
A
A) if the ball or ball-carrier touches the referee and no team gains an advantage, play continues. If a team does gain an advantage, then a scrum is awarded to the team last in posession.
B) If the ball-carrier touches the referee or other non-player in in-goal and either team gains an advantage:
i) If the ball is in possession of an attacking player, the referee awards a try where the contact took place.
ii) If the ball is in possession of a defending player, the referee awards a touch down where the contact took place.
C) If the ball is touched by the referee or other non-player in in-goal, the referee judges what would have happened next and awards a try or a touch down at the place where the contact took place.
6
Q
SCORING - What are the methods and points value of scoring?
A
- Try - 5 points
- Conversion - 2 points
- Penalty try - 7 points
- Penalty goal - 3 points
- Dropped goal - 3 points
7
Q
SCORING - under what circumstances can a try be scored by an attacking player?
A
- When they’re the first to ground the ball in the opponents’ in-goal.
- When they’re the first to ground the ball when a scrum, ruck or maul reaches the goal line.
- With the ball is tackled short of the goal line and the player’s momentum carries them in a continuous movement along the ground into the opponents’ in-goal, and the player is first to ground the ball.
- When they’re tackled near to the opponents’ goal line and the player immediately reaches out and grounds the ball.
- Who is in touch or touch-in-goal, grounds the ball in the opponents’ in-goal provided the player is not holding the ball.
8
Q
SCORING - how long does a player have to take a kick in 7s and in 15s?
A
In 7s - 30 seconds from when the try was scored.
In 15s - 90 seconds from when the try was scored.
9
Q
SCORING - what must the opposing team do during a conversion (7s and 15s)?
A
In 7s - all opposing players gather close to the their own 10-metre line ready for the restart.
In 15s - Retire to the goal line. They must not overstep that line until the kick moves in any direction to begin their approach. After this, they may charge or jump to prevent a goal.
10
Q
SCORING - what happens if the opposing team infringes during a conversion?
A
If they shout loudly or break early then the kick may be retaken if unsuccessful. The opposing team is not allowed to charge on the 2nd attempt.
11
Q
SCORING - what happens if the opposition infringes during a penalty goal?
A
If the goal is successful - award goal.
If unsuccessful - If the defending players shout or illegally touch the ball to prevent the goal then the non-offending team is awarded a penalty 10 meters in-front of the original mark.
12
Q
FOUL PLAY - What is the sanction for intentional obstruction?
A
Penalty.
Intentional offside includes:
1. When a player and an opponent are running for the ball, neither player may charge or push the other except shoulder-to-shoulder.
2. An offside player must not intentionally obstruct an opponent or interfere with play.
3. A player must not intentionally prevent an opponent from tackling or attempting to tackle the ball-carrier.
4. A player must not intentionally prevent an opponent from having the opportunity to play the ball, other than by competing for possession.
5. A ball-carrier must not intentionally run into an off-side team-mate to obstruct the opposition.
6. A player must not obstruct, or in any way interfere with an opponent while the ball is dead.
13
Q
FOUL PLAY - what is the sanction for wasting time?
A
Free-kick.
14
Q
FOUL PLAY - What is the minimum sanction for leading with the elbow or forearm into contact, or jumping over or into a tackler?
A
Penalty
15
Q
FOUL PLAY - What is the minimum sanction for physical or verbal abuse?
A
Penalty
16
Q
FOUL PLAY - What is the minimum sanction for early, late or dangerous tackles?
A
Penalty
17
Q
FOUL PLAY - What is the minimum sanction for tackling a player without the ball?
A
Penalty
18
Q
FOUL PLAY - A penalty is awarded for dangerous play in a scrum. What constitutes dangerous play in a scrum?
A
- The front row must not form at a distance and rush against opponents.
- The front row players must not pull opponents
- The front row players must not intentionally lift an opponent off their feet or force the opponent upwards out of the scrum.
- A front-row player must not intentionally collapse a scrum.
19
Q
FOUL PLAY - A penalty is awarded for dangerous play in a ruck or maul. What constitutes dangerous play in a ruck or maul?
A
- A player must not charge into a ruck or maul. Charging includes any contact made without binding onto another player in the ruck or maul.
- A player must not make contact with an opponent above the line of the shoulders.
- A player must not intentionally collapse a ruck or a maul.
- A player may lever the jackler out of the contest at the ruck but must not drop their weight onto them or target the lower limbs.
20
Q
FOUL PLAY - A player has just kicked the ball. They are then intentionally charged (late, after the kick is gone) or obstructed. What happens here?
A
The non-offending team chooses to take the penalty:
A) At the place of infringement but teams won’t usually choose this. More likely:
B) Where the ball lands or is next played but not nearer than 15 meters from the touchline. So bring the penalty onto the 15m line.
C) If the ball is kicked directly into touch, on the 15 metre line in line with where the ball crossed the touch line. Again bring onto the 15m line.
D) If the ball lands in in-goal, touch-in-goal or over the dead ball line, five meters from the goal line, in line with where the ball crossed the goal line and at least 15 meters from the nearest touch line.
E) If the ball hits the goal post -> where it landed.
21
Q
KICKS - Kick offs and restarts are drop kicks. What happens if this isn’t done properly?
A
Non-kicking team can choose to have the kick retaken or a scrum.
22
Q
KICKS - when the ball is kicked on a restart following a score, the opponents must be behind the kicker. What are the 7s and 15s sanctions if they are not?
A
7s - free kick
15s - scrum at half way
23
Q
KICKS - if the restart kick after a score doesn’t directly or indirectly make 10 meters, what happens in 7s and 15s?
A
7s - free kick at half way
15s - the non-kicking team can opt to have the kick retaken or a scrum at half way. Usually they pick the scrum.
24
Q
KICKS - What happens if the restart kick after a score goes directly into touch for 15s and 7s?
A
7s - free kick.
15s - the non-kicking team can choose:
i) the kick being retaken
ii) a scrum
iii) a lineout
iv) a quick throw
Usually it’s just “Option scrum or linout”
25
KICKS - the restart kick following a try goes into in-goal without being touched by any player and an opponent grounds the ball without picking it up. What happens in 15s and in 7s?
7s - free-kick back at half way. This also happens if the ball goes dead or touch-in-goal.
15s - kick retaken or a scrum back at half way.
26
KICKS - What happens if the ball is restart kick is kicked deep into the opponents in-goal and is made dead by a player from the kicking team?
A 5 meter scrum is awarded to the non-kicking team.
27
KICKS - in 15s when would a 22 meter drop out be awarded?
Unsuccessful penalty goal or dropped goal attempt is grounded or made dead in goal by the defending team. OR, if the ball goes dead off the kick.
28
KICKS - in 7s when would a 22 meter drop out be awarded?
If the ball is played or taken into in-goal by an attacking player and is made dead by an opponent, play is restarted with a 22 meter drop out.
"Taken in by red, grounded by blue. 22 meter drop out"
29
KICKS - When is play restarted by a goal line drop out?
In 7s - never
In 15s - when:
A) The ball is played or taken into in-goal by an attacking player and is then held up, grounded or otherwise made legally dead by an opponent.
B) An attacking kick, other than a kick-off, restart kick following a score, drop goal, drop-out or penalty attempt, is grounded or made dead in in-goal by the defending team.
C) An attacking player knocks on in the opponents’ in-goal. I.e. knock on in attempt to score try.
30
KICKS - what is the process for a 22 meter drop out?
The kick must be taken on or behind the defending team's 22 meter line. The sanction line (i.e. where the defending team must stand) is the 22 meter line.
31
KICKS - what is the process for a goal line drop out?
On or behind the defending teams goal line. It can be taken from anywhere along the goal line. The sanction line (i.e. where the defending team must stand) is the 5 meter line.
32
KICKS - what happens if the kick does not cross the sanction line?
The receiving team has the option of playing the ball as it lies (advantage may apply), feeding a five-metre centre-field scrum or the kick being retaken.
33
KICKS - what happens if the 22 meter drop out or goal line drop out goes directly into touch?
If the 22m goes directly into touch: option of kick being retaken, centre-field scrum on the 22m line, or lineout.
If the goal-line dropout goes directly into touch: The receiving team has the option of a five-metre centre-field scrum, the kick being retaken, throwing into a lineout on the five-metre line or taking a quick throw in.
34
OFFSIDE & ONSIDE - In open play, when is a player offside?
If that player is in front of a team-mate who is carrying the ball or who last played it. An offside player must not interfere with play. This includes:
i) Playing the ball.
ii) Tackling the ball-carrier.
iii) Preventing the opposition from playing as they wish.
35
OFFSIDE & ONSIDE - An offside player may be penalized, if that player...
i) Interferes with play
ii) Moves forwards toward the ball
iii) Was in front of a team-mate who kicked the ball and fails to retire immediately behind an onside team-mate.
36
OFFSIDE & ONSIDE - what is the sanction for offside?
Either a penalty at the place of infringement (i.e. where the offside player was) or a scrum where the attacking team last played the ball.
37
OFFSIDE & ONSIDE - What is accidental offside and the sanction?
A player is accidentally offside if the player cannot avoid being touched by the ball or by a team-mate who is carrying the ball. Only if the offending team gains an advantage should play stop. The sanction is a scrum to the non-offending team.
38
OFFSIDE & ONSIDE - when can an offside player be put onside?
i) Moves behind a team-mate who last played the ball; or
ii) Moves behind a team-mate who is onside.
iii) An onside teammate of that player moves past the offside player and is within or has re-entered the playing area.
OR when an opponent of that player:
iv) Carries the ball five metres; or
v) Passes the ball; or
vi) Kicks the ball; or
vii) Intentionally touches the ball without gaining possession of it.
39
OFFSIDE & ONSIDE - how may an offside player at a ruck, maul, scrum, or lineout be put onside?
i) If that player immediately retires behind the applicable offside line; or
ii) An opposition player carries the ball five metres in any direction; or
iii) An opposition player kicks the ball.
40
OFFSIDE & ONSIDE - An offside player may be penalised if that player.... What is the sanction
i) Fails to retire without undue delay and benefits from being put onside in a more advantageous position; or
ii) Interferes with play; o
iii) Moves towards the ball.
Sanction: penalty at place of infringement.
41
KNOCK ONS & FORWARD THROWS - what is the difference between a knock on in a tackle and an intentional knock on? What are the sanctions?
i) if ball knocked on in the tackle -> scrum.
ii) if ball knocked on in tackle and then goes into touch -> scrum or lineout (quick throw allowed)
iii) it is not intentional if the player was in a reasonable place to catch the ball.
iv) if the ball is intentionally knocked down -> penalty
42
KNOCK ONS & FORWARD THROWS - The ball is not knocked-on, and play continues, if (2 cases)...
i) A player knocks the ball forward immediately after an opponent has kicked it (charge down).
ii) A player rips or knocks the ball from an opponent and the ball goes forward from the opponent’s hand or arm.
43
KNOCK ONS & FORWARD THROWS - what is the sanction for a deliberate forward throw?
Penalty.
An unintentional forward throw is a scrum at the place of infringement.
44
KICKS - what happens if the ball crosses the sanction line and bounces (or is blown) backwards?
Play continues
45
KICKS - what happens if the ball crosses the sanction line and bounces (or is blown) backwards?
Play continues
46
KICKS - what is the sanction for an opponent who advances in front of the sanction line before the ball is kicked
Sanction: Free-kick.
47
KICKS - what is the sanction for an opponent in front of the sanction line who interferes with the kick?
An opponent, who is in front of the sanction line, may not delay or obstruct the drop-out. Sanction: Penalty.
48
KICKS - what happens if a drop-out reaches the opponents’ in-goal without touching any player and an opponent grounds the ball without delay or it goes into touch-in-goal or on or over the dead-ball line?
The non-kicking team has the option of having the kick retaken or a scrum.
49
OPEN PLAY - Players, who go to ground to gather the ball or who go to ground with the ball, must immediately...
i) Get up with the ball; or
ii) Play (but not kick) the ball; or
iii) Release the ball.
Sanction: Penalty.
50
OPEN PLAY - What is the sanction for players on the ground who do not move away from the ball or get up after the ball is played or released?
Penalty
51
OPEN PLAY - A player on the ground in the field of play, without the ball is out of the game and must...
i) Allow opponents who are not on the ground to play or gain possession of the ball.
ii) Not play the ball.
iii) Not tackle or attempt to tackle an opponent.
Sanction: Penalty.
52
OPEN PLAY - What is the sanction for players on their feet and without the ball who fall on or over players on the ground who have the ball or who are near it
Sanction: Penalty
53
TACKLE - What is required for a player to be "brought to ground"?
Being brought to ground means that the ball-carrier is lying, sitting or has at least one knee on the ground or on another player who is on the ground.
54
TACKLE - what is required for a player to be held on the ground?
Being held means that a tackler must continue holding the ball-carrier until the ball-carrier is on the ground. If the ball carrier is tripped and not brought to ground, this is not "held" and the ball carrier does not have to release the ball.
55
TACKLE - Tacklers must....
i) Immediately release the ball and the ball-carrier after both players go to ground.
ii) Immediately move away from the tackled player and from the ball or get up.
iii) Be on their feet before attempting to play the ball.
iv) Allow the tackled player to release or play the ball.
v) Allow the tackled player to move away from the ball.
Sanction: Penalty.
56
TACKLE - how must a tackler play the ball?
Tacklers may play the ball from the direction of their own goal line provided a ruck has not formed.
57
KICKS - what happens if the ball crosses the sanction line and bounces (or is blown) backwards?
Play continues
57
TACKLE - tackled players must...
i) Make the ball available so that play can continue by releasing, passing or pushing the ball in any direction except forward. They may place the ball in any direction.
ii) Move away from the ball or get up.
iii) Ensure that they do not lie on, over or near the ball to prevent opposition players from gaining possession of it.
Sanction: penalty
58
KICKS - what happens if the ball crosses the sanction line and bounces (or is blown) backwards?
Play continues
58
TACKLE - Other players must:
i) Remain on their feet and release the ball and the ball-carrier immediately.
ii) Remain on their feet when they play the ball.
iii) Arrive at the tackle from the direction of their own goal line before playing the ball.
iv) Not play the ball or attempt to tackle an opponent while on the ground near the tackle.
Sanction: Penalty.
59
TACKLE - The tackle ends when:
i) A ruck is formed.
ii) A player on their feet from either team gains possession of the ball and moves away or passes or kicks the ball.
iii) The ball leaves the tackle area.
iv) The ball is unplayable. If there is doubt about which player did not conform to law, the referee orders a scrum. The throw is taken by the team moving forward prior to the stoppage or, if no team was moving forward, by the attacking team.
59
RUCK - when is a ruck formed?
A ruck is formed when at least one player from each team are in contact, on their feet and over the ball which is on the ground.
60
RUCK - what is the sanction for players involved in a ruck who do not have their heads and shoulders lower than their hips?
Players involved in all stages of the ruck must have their heads and shoulders no lower than their hips.
Sanction: Free-kick.
61
RUCK - where are the offside lines?
Each team has an offside line that runs parallel to the goal line through the hindmost point of any ruck participant. If that point is on or behind the goal line, the offside line for that team is the goal line.
62
RUCK - how may an arriving player join a ruck? What is the sanction for doing this illegally?
i) On their feet.
ii) Behind the offside line
iii) Behind or alongside the hindmost player but not in front.
iv) must bind on to a team-mate or opposition player.The bind must precede or be simultaneous with contact with any other part of the body.
v) Players who have previously been part of the ruck may rejoin the ruck, provided they do so from an onside position.
Sanction: Penalty.
63
RUCK - players involved in a ruck must not...
i) Pick the ball up with their legs.
ii) Intentionally collapse a ruck or jump on top of it.
iii) Intentionally step on another player.
iv) Fall onto, or over, the emerging ball while it is on the ground near to the ruck.
v) Kick, or attempt to kick, the ball out of a ruck.
Sanction: Penalty.
OR:
vi) Return the ball into the ruck.
vii) Take any action to make opponents believe that the ruck has ended when it has not (sneaky).
Sanction: Free-kick.
64
RUCK - when has a ruck ended?
The ruck ends and play continues when the ball leaves the ruck or when the ball in the ruck is on or over the goal line
65
TACKLE - The tackle ends when:
i) A ruck is formed.
ii) A player on their feet from either team gains possession of the ball and moves away or passes or kicks the ball.
iii) The ball leaves the tackle area.
iv) The ball is unplayable. If there is doubt about which player did not conform to law, the referee orders a scrum. The throw is taken by the team moving forward prior to the stoppage or, if no team was moving forward, by the attacking team.
65
KICKS - what happens if the ball crosses the sanction line and bounces (or is blown) backwards?
Play continues
66
MAUL - what constitutes a maul?
It consists of a ball carrier and at least one player from each team, bound together and on their feet. A player ripping the ball from the ball carrier must stay in contact with that player until they have transferred the ball.
Sanction: Penalty.
67
MAUL - how might a player be offside at a maul?
Each team has an offside line that runs parallel to the goal line through the maul participants’ hindmost foot that is nearest to that team’s goal line. If that foot is on or behind the goal line, the offside line for that team is the goal line.
A player must join a maul from an onside position or retire to the offside line.
68
MAUL - how do players need to join a maul?
Players must come from an onside position and bind onto the hindmost player. Sanction: penalty
The heads and shoulders of all players needs to be above their hips. Sanction: free kick.
69
MAUL - can a ball carrier go to ground in a maul?
Yes but the ball must be made available. Otherwise, it is unplayable and a scrum is awarded to the other team.
"taken in by red, made unplayable, blue scrum"
70
MAUL - in a maul, players apart from the ball carrier must
i) stay on their feet
ii) be caught or bound into the maul and not just alongside it.
iii) not intentionally collapse the maul or jump on it.
iv) not drag an opponent out of the maul.
Sanction: penalty
71
MAUL - in a maul, the ball carrier must...
not move or slide through the maul. The ball must be transferred to the back of the maul
Sanction: penalty
72
MAUL - what happens if all of the players not in possession of the ball leave the maul?
Maul continues. These players may rejoin the maul from an onside position. I.e. in front of the closest player from the opposite team.
73
MAUL - when does a maul end successfully?
When:
i) the ball or ball carrier leaves the maul
ii) the ball is on the ground
iii) the ball is over the goal line
74
MAUL - when does a maul end unsuccessfully?
When:
i) The ball becomes unplayable.
ii) The maul collapses (not as a result of foul play).
iii) The maul does not move towards a goal line for longer than five seconds and the ball does not emerge.
iv) The ball-carrier goes to ground and the ball is not immediately available.
v) The ball is available to be played, the referee has called “use it” and it has not been played within five seconds of the call.
Sanction: scrum to the other team
75
MAUL - what happens if the maul stops moving towards the goal line?
It stops once for 5 seconds but the ball is at the back, the referee shouts "That's once". Stops a second time fro 5 seconds, the referee shouts: "Use it". If not used in a reasonable time, scrum to the other team.
If it stops for 5 seconds, and the ball does NOT emerge, scrum to other team.
76
MAUL - If a maul is formed immediately after a player has directly caught an opponent’s kick in open play and unsuccessfully ended (i.e. made unplayable, collapsed), who gets the scrum?
The team of the ball catcher. The player didn't really have a chance to do anything else so it's still the team of the catcher's scrum.
77
MARK - when can a mark be taken
i) when the catching player has at least one foot on or behind their own 22-metre line when catching the ball or when landing having caught it in the air; and
ii) Catch a ball that has reached the plane of the 22-metre line directly from an opponent’s kick before it touches the ground or another player; and
iii) Simultaneously call “mark”.
78
MARK - can a player claim a mark if the ball rebounds off the goal post or crossbar before being caught?
yes
79
MARK - can a mark be claimed after a kick off or restart?
no
80
MARK - what happens to restart play after a mark has been called?
When a mark is called correctly, the referee immediately stops the game and awards a free-kick to the team in possession.
The player who claimed the mark must take the free-kick (in accordance with Law 20).
The free kick is taken:
i) if mark is called in goal, on the 5 meter line
ii) if mark is called in 22, at the place of the mark but 5m from the goal line
If the player is unable to take the free-kick within one minute, a scrum is awarded to the team in possession at the location above.
81
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - when is the ball in touch or touch-in-goal?
i) The ball or ball-carrier touches the touchline, touch-in-goal line or anything beyond.
ii) A player, who is already touching the touchline, touch-in-goal line or anything beyond, catches or holds the ball.
BUT
a) If the ball has reached the plane of touch when it is caught, the catcher is not deemed to have taken the ball into touch.
b) If the ball has not reached the plane of touch when it is caught or picked up, the catcher is deemed to have taken the ball into touch, regardless of whether the ball was in motion or stationary.
82
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - when is the ball not in touch or touch-in-goal?
The ball is not in touch or touch-in-goal if:
i) The ball reaches the plane of touch but is caught, knocked or kicked by a player who is in the playing area.
ii) A player jumps, from within or outside the playing area, and catches the ball, and then lands in the playing area, regardless of whether the ball reached the plane of touch.
iii) A player jumps from the playing area and knocks (or catches and releases) the ball back into the playing area, before landing in touch or touch-in-goal, regardless of whether the ball reached the plane of touch.
iv) A player, who is in touch, kicks or knocks the ball, but does not hold it, provided it has not reached the plane of touch.
83
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - when may a quick throw be taken?
i) If the ball has not been touched by anyone other than the player who took it into touch (this includes spectators).
ii) The same ball must be used.
iii) If the lineout has already been formed
If the quick throw is disallowed, the lineout will be formed.
84
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - What is the sanction for a player who carries the ball into touch but does not release the ball immediately
penalty
85
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - how must a quick throw be taken?
i) Between the mark of touch and the thrower’s own goal line (they can run back as far as they want)
ii) Parallel to or towards the thrower’s own goal line (not thrown forward).
iii) By a player whose feet are both outside the field of play.
Sanction: lineout or scrum option to the other team...but at a junior level. Let them just have the linout.
iv) Ball must travel 5m before it is played (i.e. caught). If it doesn't travel 5, a free kick is given.
86
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - If the mark of touch is outside the 22 but the defending team takes the quick throw in the 22, are they deemed to have taken the ball back?
Yes, they are deemed to have taken the ball back
87
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (general play)?
A player, in their own half, kicks the ball indirectly into touch in the opposition’s 22.
Either the team did not take the ball into their half, or a tackle, ruck or maul took place within the half, or an opponent touched the ball within the half. This variation does not apply at a kick-off or any type of restart kick.
This is a 50/22. The kicking team gets to take the lineout throw.
88
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (general play)?
The ball-carrier goes into touch or kicks the ball indirectly into touch (other than kicking from inside their own half into touch in the opposition’s 22).
The opposition throws in.
89
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (general play)?
A player unintentionally knocks, passes or throws the ball into touch.
The opposition.
90
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (general play)?
The ball hits a player and goes directly into touch.
The opposition
91
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (general play)?
The ball hits a player and it bounces into touch.
The opposition
92
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (general play)?
A player, who is in touch, catches or picks up a ball which has reached the plane of touch.
The team of the player who caught or picked up the ball.
93
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (general play)?
A player, who is in touch, catches or picks up a ball which has not reached the plane of touch.
The opposition
94
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (restart kicks)?
The ball goes directly into touch from a kick-off or restart kick following a score.
If the lineout option is taken (but usually the team will opt for a scrum at half way as this would usually be closer to their try line) then the non-kicking team throws in.
95
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (restart kicks)?
The ball goes directly into touch from a drop-out.
The non-kicking team will take the throw.
If the touch option is taken, then the throw is where the ball reaches the touchline or on the drop-out’s sanction line, whichever is nearer to the kicker’s goal line.
96
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (penalty)?
A player kicks the ball into touch from a penalty (either directly or first bouncing in the field of play or hitting an opponent or the referee).
The kicking team takes the throw where the ball reached the touchline.
97
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (penalty)?
A player, who is in touch, catches the ball irrespective of whether the ball has reached the touchline.
The kicking team takes the throw where the ball reached the touchline.
98
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (penalty)?
A player, who is in touch, picks up a ball that has not reached the plane of touch.
The kicking team takes the throw where the player who picked it up is standing.
99
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (inside 22 or goal line)?
A player kicks the ball directly into touch. That player was deemed to have taken the ball back into their 22.
The non-kicking team will take the throw where the ball reaches the touchline or on the touchline in line with where the ball was kicked, whichever is nearer to the kicker’s goal line.
100
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (inside 22 or goal line)?
After the ball has been kicked from within the 22 and the kicking player was deemed to have taken it back, an opposition player, who is in touch, catches the ball.
The non-kicking team still gets the ball where it reached the touchline or in line with where the ball was kicked, whichever is nearer to the kickers goal line.
101
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (inside 22 or goal line)?
A player kicks the ball directly into touch. That player was not deemed to have taken the ball back into the 22m line.
The non-kicking team takes the throw where the ball reached the touchline.
102
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (inside 22 or goal line)?
An opposition player who is in-touch catches the ball. The team who kicked the ball was not deemed to have taken it back into the 22.
The non-kicking team takes the throw where the ball reached the touchline.
103
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (inside 22 or goal line)?
A player kicks the ball into touch from a free-kick awarded within the 22.
The non-kicking team takes the throw where the ball reached the touchline.
104
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - who throws in (outside the 22)?
A player kicks the ball directly into touch from open play or from a free-kick.
The non-kicking team takes the throw where the ball reaches the touchline or on the touchline in line with where the ball was kicked, whichever is nearer to that player’s goal line. No gain in ground.
105
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - lineout options.
Following an incorrect throw.
The opposition take the throw on the original mark of touch.
106
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - lineout options.
Following a disallowed quick throw.
The same team takes the throw where the formed lineout would have taken place if the quick throw had not been taken.
107
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - lineout options.
Following an incorrect quick throw.
The opposition throw in where the quick throw was taken.
108
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - lineout options.
Following the ball going into touch from a knock-on or throw forward.
Opposition take the throw where it went into touch.
109
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - lineout options.
From a penalty or free-kick awarded for a lineout infringement.
The opposition take the throw where the original lineout took place.
110
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - how many players are needed to form a lineout?
Minimum of 2 from both sides.
111
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - what is the sanction if the lineout formation is very slow?
Free kick to non-throwing team.
112
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - Who determines the maximum number of players in the lineout?
The throwing team. The opposition may have the same or less but not more. The opposition must have a player in the 5m channel 2m from the mark of touch and 2m from the 5m line.
Sanction: free kick.
113
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - Where does the receiver stand if the team elects to have one?
The receiver stands between the five-metre and the 15-metre lines, two metres away from their team-mates in the lineout. Each team may have only one receiver.
Sanction: Free-kick.
114
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - Once the lineout is formed, can players leave the lineout before the ball is thrown?
From the team throwing in - players may only leave to swap with someone else.
From the non-throwing team - players may leave only to ensure they don't have more than the throwing team.
Sanction: free kick.
115
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - Can participating players change places in the lineout before the ball is thrown?
Yes.
116
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - Can players jump or be lifted before the ball has left the hands of the player throwing in?
No. Free kick to other team.
117
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - can lineout players make contact with the opposition before the ball is thrown?
No. Penalty to non-offending team.
118
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - What happens if the thrower steps into the field of play before they throw the ball?
Option of lineout or scrum to other team.
119
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - What happens if the ball is not thrown straight or does not go 5.
Option of lineout or scrum. If the lineout is chosen and the ball is again not thrown straight, a scrum is awarded to the team that originally threw in the ball.
120
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - What is the sanction for pretending to throw the ball (balking)?
Free kick to non-throwing team.
121
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - What is the sanction for a player who blocks the throw or prevents the ball from travelling five metres.
Free kick to non-offending team.
122
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - What is the sanction for not lowering a player safely to the ground in the lineout?
Free kick to non-offending team.
123
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - what is the sanction for grasping an opposition player in the air during a lineout?
Penalty to non-offending team.
124
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - Where is the offside line at a lineout?
Until the ball is thrown in, and has touched the player or the ground, the offside line for lineout players is the mark of touch. After that, their offside line is a line through the ball.
For the players not in the lineout, they will be called as offside if they approach and interfere before the ball has left the lineout. If the ball goes over the 15m line, they may advance.
125
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - when does a lineout end?
a) The lineout ends when ball or a player in possession of the ball:
i) leaves the lineout; or
ii) enters the area between the touchline and the five-metre line; or
iii) goes beyond the 15-metre line.
b) A ruck or maul forms and all of the feet of all of the players in the ruck or maul move beyond the mark of touch.
c) The ball becomes unplayable.
126
TOUCH & LINEOUTS - what happens if a player leaves the lineout before it has ended?
Penalty to non-offending team.
127
SCRUM - what is the scrum zone?
The largest area formed by the dashed lines on the field. I.e. From the sideline 5m lines to the 5m lines from the goal line.
128
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
A knock-on or throw forward, apart from at a lineout.
In the scrum zone at the point closest to the place of infringement.
The non-offending team.
129
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
Offside in open play (scrum option).
In the scrum zone at the point closest to where the offending team last played the ball.
The non-offending team.
130
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
A knock-on or throw forward at a lineout; incorrect throw at a lineout; incorrect quick throw.
15 metres in from the mark of touch.
The non-offending team.
131
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
A penalty or free-kick (scrum option).
In the scrum zone at the point closest to where the infringement took place.
The non-offending team.
132
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
The ball is taken into in-goal by the defending team and made dead.
In the scrum zone at the point closest to where the ball was made dead.
The attacking team.
133
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
An unplayable tackle or ruck.
In the scrum zone at the point closest to where the tackle or ruck took place.
The team last moving forward. If neither team was moving forward, the attacking team.
134
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
A maul that ends unsuccessfully.
In the scrum zone at the point closest to where the maul ended.
The team not in possession at the start of the maul. If the referee cannot decide which team had possession, the team moving forward before the maul stopped. If neither team was moving forward, the attacking team.
"Taken in by red, scrum blue"
135
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
An unplayable maul after kick in open play.
In the scrum zone at the point nearest to place of maul.
The team in possession at the start of the maul.
136
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
An incorrect kick-off or restart kick (scrum option).
In the scrum zone, as near as possible to the middle point of the line behind which the kick-off or restart kick was taken.
The non-kicking team.
137
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
Failure to “use it” at scrum, ruck or maul.
In the scrum zone at the point closest to where the scrum, ruck or maul took place.
The team not in possession.
138
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
The ball or ball-carrier touches the referee and either team gains an advantage.
In the scrum zone at the point closest to the incident.
The team that last played the ball.
139
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
Stoppage due to injury.
In the scrum zone at the point where the ball was last played.
The team last in possession.
140
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
Reset scrum – no infringement.
Where the original scrum took place.
The team originally awarded the scrum.
141
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
A penalty attempt at goal not taken within the time limit.
In the scrum zone at the point closest to where the penalty was awarded.
The non-offending team.
142
SCRUM - where is the scrum and who feeds?
A player unable to take a free-kick after a mark within one minute.
In the scrum zone at the point closest to where the free-kick was awarded.
Team of player who was awarded the free-kick.
143
SCRUM - How long do teams have to form a scrum?
In 7s - 15 seconds
In 15s - 30 seconds
144
SCRUM - What is the sanction for the hooker having their brake foot up before "set"
Sanction: Free-kick.
145
SCRUM - What is the sanction for players unbinding before the scrum has ended?
Sanction: penalty
146
SCRUM - Can the scrum half choose the side to feed from?
Yes
147
SCRUM - the scrum begins when the ball leaves the hands of the half. What is the sanction for a team that pushes early?
Sanction: free-kick.
148
SCRUM - what is the sanction for not pushing straight?
penalty
149
SCRUM - does the hooker from the feeding team have to strike?
Yes otherwise it's a free kick.
150
SCRUM - what is the sanction if a front row player intentionally kicks the ball out of the tunnel or out of the scrum towards the opponents goal line
Sanction: Penalty.
151
SCRUM - where can the scrum half of the team not throwing stand?
On that team’s side of the middle line next to the opposing scrum-half, or
At least five metres behind the hindmost foot of their team’s last player in the scrum and remains there until the completion of the scrum (i.e. with everyone else in the back line).
152
SCRUM - what is the sanction for lifting players in a scrum, intentionally collapsing it, or intentionally falling or kneeling?
penalty
153
SCRUM - what are the Under 19 law variations for scrums?
i) Pushing the scrum more than 1.5 metres towards the opponents’ goal line. Sanction: free kick.
ii) Keeping the ball in the scrum once it is heeled and controlled at the base of the scrum. Sanction: free kick
iii) Intentionally wheeling the scrum. Sanction: penalty
154
When do scrums become uncontested?
If a team cannot field a suitably trained front rower.
155
What can happen if a front-row player has been temporarily suspended and the team cannot continue with contested scrums with the players on the field?
Then the team nominates another player to leave the playing area to enable an available front-row player to come on. The nominated player may not return until the period of suspension ends, or to act as a replacement.
Note, in 7s, all players are able to participate in the scrum so this isn't an issue.
156
What can happen if a front-row player has been sent off (i.e. red card) and the team cannot continue with contested scrums with the players on the field?
If a front-row player is sent off, and the team cannot continue with contested scrums with players already on the field, then the team nominates another player to leave the playing area to enable an available front-row player to come on. The nominated player may act as a replacement.
Note, in 7s, all players are able to participate in the scrum so this isn't an issue.
157
What is the maximum number of replacements in 15s and 7s?
In 15s - Can have 8 replacements
In 7s - Can have 5 replacements
158
Can injured players be replaced?
No. This is a permanent replacement if a player comes off due to injury.
159
What happens if a player is sent off because they are bleeding?
When a player has a blood injury, that player leaves the field of play and may be temporarily replaced. The injured player returns to play as soon as the bleeding has been controlled and/or covered. If the player is not available to return to the field of play within 15 minutes (actual time) of leaving the playing area, the replacement becomes permanent.
160
What happens if a player goes off for a HIA?
This player leaves the field of play and is temporarily replaced (even if all the replacements have been used). The game cannot restart until the player who requires an HIA has been temporarily replaced. If the player is not available to return to the field of play after 12 minutes (actual time) of leaving the playing area, the replacement becomes permanent.
161
What happens if a temporary replacement is sent off?
If a temporary replacement is sent off, the originally replaced player is not permitted to return to the playing area, except to fill in a scrum position if required, and only if the player has been medically cleared to do so and does so within the required time of leaving the field of play.
162
Tactically replaced players may return to play only when replacing (5 points):
i) An injured front-row player.
ii) A player with a blood injury.
iii) A player with a head injury.
iv) A player who has just been injured as a result of foul play (as verified by the match officials).
v) The nominated player to fill a vacant front-row position
163
PENALTIES & FREE-KICKS - Where is the penalty taken for any infringement that takes place outside the playing area while the ball is in play?
On the 15-metre line, in line with where the offence occurred or if the offence occurred in touch-in-goal or beyond the dead-ball line, on the five-metre line, in line with the place of the infringement, but no less than 15 metres from the touchline.
164
PENALTIES & FREE-KICKS - Where is the penalty taken for any infringement in a lineout?
15 metres from the touchline on the mark of touch.
165
PENALTIES & FREE-KICKS - Where is the penalty taken for offside at a phase of play?
At the offending team’s offside line.
166
PENALTIES & FREE-KICKS - Where is the penalty taken for a late charge of a kicker?
The opposition chooses either at the place of the infringement, where the ball landed or where the ball was next played.
If the infringement takes place in the kicker’s in-goal, the penalty is taken five metres from the goal line in line with the place of infringement but at least 15 metres from the touchline.
The non-offending team may also choose to take the penalty where the ball lands or where it is next played before landing, at least 15 metres from the touchline.
If the ball lands in touch, the optional penalty is on the 15-metre line, in line with where it went into touch.
If the ball lands, or is next played before landing, within 15 metres of the touchline, the mark is on the 15-metre line opposite where the ball landed or was played.
If the ball lands in in-goal, in touch-in-goal, or on or over the dead-ball line, the optional penalty is five metres from the goal line, in line with the place where the ball crossed the goal line and at least 15 metres from the touchline.
If the ball hits a goal post or crossbar, the optional penalty kick is awarded where the ball lands.
167
PENALTIES & FREE-KICKS - Where is the penalty taken for intentionally throwing or knocking the ball into touch?
If the ball is thrown or knocked:
i) Into touch or touch-in-goal or over the dead-ball line from the playing area, the mark is where the infringement occurred but no closer than 15 metres from the touchline and five metres from the goal line
ii) into touch or touch-in-goal from in in-goal, the mark is on the five-metre line at least 15 metres from the touchline.
iii) Over the dead-ball line from in-goal, the mark is on the five-metre line in a line with where the infringement occurred.
168
PENALTIES & FREE-KICKS - Where is the penalty taken for any infringement in in-goal or within five metres of a goal line.
In the field of play, five metres from the goal line, in line with the place of infringement.
169
PENALTIES & FREE-KICKS - Can a team awarded a penalty choose to take a scrum instead?
Yes. If the team is awarded a penalty or free-kick at a lineout, they may choose a lineout or a scrum at the same mark.
170
PENALTIES & FREE-KICKS - What is the sanction if the opposing team delay the kick or obstructs the kicker, including intentionally taking, throwing or kicking the ball out of reach of the team awarded the penalty?
Sanction: Second penalty or free-kick, 10 metres in front of the original mark. The second penalty or free-kick must not be taken before the referee has made the mark.
171
PENALTIES & FREE KICKS - If the opposing team charge fairly and prevent the free-kick being taken, the kick is disallowed. How does play restart?
Play restarts with a scrum at the mark with the opposing team throwing in.
172
IN-GOAL - A tackled player near their own goal line may reach out and ground the ball in in-goal to make a touch down, provided it is done immediately. What is the sanction if they do this in a "second movement"?
Penalty on 5m line to the other team.
173
IN-GOAL - If a tackled player is in the act of reaching out to ground the ball for a try or touch down, defending players may knock the ball backwards, or pull the ball from the player’s possession but must not kick or attempt to kick the ball. What is the sanction?
Penalty on the 5m line
174
IN-GOAL - If a team kicks the ball through their opponents’ in-goal from the field of play into touch-in-goal or on or over the dead-ball line, what are the options for the defending team?
i) To have a drop-out anywhere on or behind the 22-metre line; or
ii) To have a scrum at the place where the ball was kicked.
Exception: An unsuccessful kick at goal or attempted dropped goal. In these cases, the defending team restarts with a 22-metre drop-out.
175
IN-GOAL - When a player carrying the ball is held up in-goal, so that the player cannot ground the ball or play the ball, the ball is dead. How does play restart in 7s or in 15s?
In 7s - a 5m scrum to the attacking team regardless of who took the ball in.
In 15s - restarted with a goal line drop out if the ball is played or taken into in-goal by an attacking player and is then held up.
If the ball is taken into in-goal by the defending team and made dead, then there's a scrum on the 5m line, inline with where the ball was made dead.
176
