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N201 anti-diarrheal meds > Laxatives > Flashcards

Laxatives Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

lactulose

A

Osmotic action

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2
Q

lactulose
Osmotic action
Action:

A
  1. increases eater content and softens stool

2. Decreased blood ammonia levels with improved mental status in portal systemic(hepatic) encephalopathy PSE

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3
Q

lactulose
Osmotic action
Route:

A

PO 15-30ml/day

up to 60ml/day

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4
Q

lactulose
Osmotic action
Side effects:

A

GI: belching, cramps, distention, flatulence, diarrhea
Endo: hyperglycemia

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5
Q

lactulose
Osmotic action
Lab monitoring:

A

Decreased blood ammonia by 25-50%
may increase blood glucose in diabetics
watch serum electrolytes may cause diarrhea with imbalances to sodium and potassium

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6
Q

lactulose
Osmotic action
Precautions:

A

Do GI assessment on patients.
assess stool color and type
watch lab values for Na K and glucose
PSE assess mental state during and after for PSE

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7
Q

Magnesium salts

A
  1. Magnesium citrate

2. magnesium hydrochloride

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8
Q

Magnesium salts

Agent:

A

Saline

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9
Q

Magnesium salts

Action:

A

treatment or prevention of hypomagnesemia

laxative osmotically draws water into the lumen causing peristalsis

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10
Q

Magnesium salts

Route:

A

PO adults mag citrate: 240ml

milk of magnesia (adults): 5-15 ml

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11
Q

Magnesium salts

Side effects:

A

Diarrhea

Derm: flushing, sweating

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12
Q

Magnesium salts

lab monitoring:

A

monitor for hypermagnesemia, hypocalcemia

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13
Q

Magnesium salts

precautions:

A

contradicted in hypermagnesemia, hypocalcemia, anuria, heart block, active or 2 hours of labor.
any level of renal deficiency.

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14
Q

bisacodyl

Agent:

A

Bowl stimulant

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15
Q

bisacodyl

Action:

A

stimulates bowls to evacuate.

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16
Q

bisacodyl

route:

A

PO adults 5-15mg up to 30mg/day

rect 12 and up 10mg single dose

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17
Q

bisacodyl

Side effects:

A

Abdominal cramps, nausea, diarrhea, rectal bleeding

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18
Q

bisacodyl

lab monitoring:

A

monitor potassium levels. may cause hypokalemia with chronic use.

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19
Q

bisacodyl

precautions:

A

apply at bedtime for morning results.
Do GI assessment.
advice patients to increase fluid intake from 1500ml/day to 2000ml/day for dehydration
only should be used chronically for spinal cord injuries.

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20
Q

docusate sodium

Agent:

Study These Flashcards
A

Emollient or wetting

21
Q

docusate sodium

Action:

Study These Flashcards
A

promotes incorporation of water into stool, may promote electrolyte and water secretions into the colon.

22
Q

docusate sodium

Route:

Study These Flashcards
A

PO 50-400mg in 1-4 divided doses

rect: 50-100mg or 1 unit with 283mg

23
Q

docusate sodium

Side effects:

Study These Flashcards
A

throat irritation, GI: mild cramps

Derm: rashes

24
Q

docusate sodium

Lab monitoring:

Study These Flashcards
A

monitor electrolyte for normal values

25
docusate sodium | precautions:
do not use with abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting apply on empty stomach for quicker results do not apply within 2 hours of other laxatives
26
Castor oil | Agent:
Bowl stimulant
27
Castor oil | Action:
increases peristalsis
28
Castor oil | Route:
15-60ml PO not at bedtime
29
Castor oil | Side effects:
dizziness, electrolyte disorders, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea
30
Castor oil | Lab monitoring:
monitor electrolyes
31
Castor oil | precautions:
contradicted in: fecal impactions menstruation
32
sennoside
Senokot-S | Brand name
33
sennoside | Agent:
grouped as a sennoside
34
sennoside Senokot-S Action:
8.6mg 2-4 tabs PO qd-bid start 2 tabs PO max 4 tabs PO bid
35
sennoside Senokot-S Side effects:
nausea, abdominal bloating, abdominal cramps, flatulence, diarrhea, urine discoloration
36
sennoside Senokot-S Lab monitoring:
N/A
37
sennoside Senokot-S precuations:
potential for laxative abuse
38
psyllium | Agent:
Bulk forming
39
psyllium | Action:
increases stool bulk
40
psyllium | Route:
1-2tsp PO qd-tid
41
psyllium | Side effects:
esophageal obstruction bowl obstruction diarrhea, constipation, abdominal cramps bronchospasm
42
psyllium | Lab monitoring:
N/A
43
psyllium | Precautions:
contradicted with suspected appendicitis intestinal obstruction
44
polyethylene glycol Action:
causes retention of water in stool, | producing laxative effect
45
polyethylene glycol Agent:
Osmotic laxative
46
polyethylene glycol Route:
17g PO qd may take 2-4 days for BM caution in longer than 2 weeks
47
polyethylene glycol Side effects:
electrolyte disorders | laxative dependence
48
polyethylene glycol Lab monitoring:
monitor for disturbances in potassium and sodium levels.
49
polyethylene glycol Precautions:
contradicted in bowl obstructions caution in elderly

N201 anti-diarrheal meds (3 decks)

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