Layla Part2 Flashcards
From recognition to meaning
Word has to activate the correct meaning and link it to correct context. Recognition isn’t enough. Words are ambiguous about 75% of the English language- have multiple meanings
Lexical ambiguity
Different interpretations of a word that are semantically unrelated- e.g. river bank, money bank. Senses are different interpretations of a word that are related but still diff like money bank and blood bank
Parallel activation of multiple meanings
Form competition: lexical decisions for spoken, slower for words w many neighbours (activation competition). Slower for words w many meanings but faster for words w many senses- rodd 2022. Activation of both meanings and senses
Role of context in disambiguation
2 models: either all candidates get activated, then context for correct (multiple acess model)- swinney 79. Or context pre selects then you get the correct interpretation (context guided single reading lexical acess model- schanevelt 76
Priming-evidence for multiple acess model
Swinney 79: cross modal priming, had ambiguous word as the prime e.g. second. If multiple candidates are activated should be faster with multiple linked words like time or agree. Word also presented within context. Shorter rt when context matched, slight increase for mismatch but less than neutral. When target right after prime- multiple interpretations activated regardless of context. When target 3 syllables after prime only target relating to correct context is activated
Not all words activated equally
More frequent activated more strongly, some words more balanced e.g. both meanings equally common or unbalanced when one dominant e.g. port for ship not wine. Tabossi and zardon 93: had dom: hurricane didn’t damage ships in port. Or subordinate: took the bottle of port. See priming for both contexts even when not matched e.g. safe when saw the wine condition. But when doncontext for dominant only priming for that context. E.g. subordinate- priming for both. For dom- priming in matched
Evaluating models
Need meta analysis. Lucas 99: bias towards the meaning that fits the context, multiple activated but one consistent w context activated more. Both og models too extreme, some interpretations may become more dominant, when matched others not activated
