LCN Manicure Exam Flashcards
Written exam (112 cards)
1
Q
List some aspects that professionalism encompasses.
A
Clean and hygienic environment Tidy personal image Listening to clients needs Knowledgeable, confident, and secure Mutual respect in the beauty industry (don't gossip) Trustworthy Continuing education Keeping accurate and up-to-date records Body language: Posture, Hand shake, Eye contact, Professional introduction. Talk less - listen more.
2
Q
Why is a client consultation so important?
A
Contact Information (including emergency contact) Contraindications (allergies) Marketing Service performed and service history Products used and retail history
3
Q
What is the anatomical name for the collar bone?
A
The clavical.
4
Q
What is the clavical also known as?
A
The collar bone.
5
Q
What is the anatomical name for the wrist?
A
The carpus.
6
Q
What is the carpus also known as?
A
The wrist.
7
Q
How many bones are in the wrist?
A
8
8
Q
How many bones are in the carpus?
A
8
9
Q
How many bones are in the palm of the hand?
A
5
10
Q
What are the bones in the palm of the hand called?
A
Metacarpals.
11
Q
What are the bones in the fingers called?
A
Phalanges (flanjeez)
12
Q
How many bones are there in the fingers?
A
14 - 3 in each finger and 2 in the thumb
13
Q
How many bones are in the hand?
A
19 - There are 14 phlanges and 5 metacarpals.
14
Q
What are some benefits to manicures?
A
They keep cuticles hydrated which helps prevent nasty hang nails and possible infections.
With the use of quality products, manicures can help: improve circulation
tonicity of the skin
15
Q
What are natural nails made of?
A
keratin
16
Q
What is keratin?
A
a protein containing a portion of sulphur, zinc, and a relatively low amount of calcium.
17
Q
How do the layers of keratin in the nail compare?
A
The lower layers of keratin are softer; the surface is harder.
18
Q
What is the moisture content of natural nails?
A
Healthy natural nails have a moisture content of approximately 18%.
19
Q
At what rate do fingernails grow?
A
Fingernails grow approximately 2-4 mm per month.
20
Q
How often does the nail plate replace itself?
A
Approximately every 4-6 months.
21
Q
What is the role of the eponychium?
A
The eponychium is a seal that protects the matrix and nail bed from bacteria entering.
22
Q
What is the name of the seal that protects the matrix and nail bed from bacteria entering?
A
The eponychium and the hyponychium.
23
Q
What is the role of the nail bed?
A
The nail bed:
Holds the nail plate
Provides nourishment
24
Q
How should the Free Edge be filed?
A
The Free Edge should be filed from left or right corner to the centre. Never file from centre to corner, as this wold cause the nail to split.
25
What things should you keep in mind when choosing a nail length and shape?
- The shape of the hand
- The length of the fingers and nails
- Lifestyle of the client
- The Free Edge 'ideally' will match the shape of the cuticle.
26
What are the 5 Post-Manicure recommendations (post-service)?
- Make an appointment. Recommend rescheduling within 2-3 weeks
- Sell retail products
- Clean up around your station
- Sanitize station and implements: Perform a complete disinfection procedure
- Document any final notes on the Client Consultation Form
27
What is the purpose of a polish base layer?
The base layer helps coloured to polish adhere evenly and to prevent polish from staining the nails.
28
What is the purpose of a top layer polish?
The top layer prevents chipping and gives nails a glossy look.
29
What is a French Manicure Polish?
The French Manicure polish is simply a white free edge with a sheer nude, natural, or pink colour painted over top of the whole nail.
30
How many metacarpal bones are there and where are they located?
There are 5 metacarpal bones located in the palm of the hand.
31
What is the largest bone in the arm?
The humerus is the largest bone on the arm.
32
Name the 3 most common nail shapes
square, oval, squoval.
33
What are the 16 steps to a manicure?
1) Consultation
2) Sanitize hands - wash with soap and use hand sanitizer
3) Remove Polish
4) Complete Consultation
5) Shape and buff - one hand only
6) Apply cuticle softener - one hand only
7) Soak hand - one hand only 5-10 min
Repeat 5-7 on other hand
8) Dry and exfoliate - one hand at a time
9) Loosen cuticles and trim pterygium
10) Apply nail oil and wrap
Repeat 8-10 on other hand
11) Massage and wrap - one hand at a time
12) Clean underneath fingernails and bevel
13) Optional: Buff with 3 way buffer lowest grit to highest. Finish with a small amount of nail oil.
14) Remove all traces of oil
15) Polish application. Base layer 1 coat, Coloured polish 2 coats, Top layer 1 coat
16) Re-apply nail oil
34
What should you do if you are unsure about the health of a client's nails?
If you are unsure or doubtful, refer your client to a physician.
35
What is a nail disorder?
Nail disorders and irregularities are abnormal conditions that can be worked on and are not contagious.
36
Can you work on a client with a nail disorder?
Depending on the disorder, proceed with caution.
37
What is the Greek medical term for nail?
Onyx.
38
What does Onyx mean?
It is the Greek medical term for nail.
39
What is the nail disorder in which vertical or longitudinal ridges or furrows are observed?
Corrugations.
40
What are corrugations?
The nail disorder in which vertical or longitudinal ridges or furrows are observed.
41
What is the nail disorder in which cracks in the skin and/or nails are observed?
Fissures.
42
What are fissures?
Fissures are painful cracks in the callused or dehydrated skin surrounding the nails.
43
What is a recommended treatment for fissures?
Paraffin wax treatment. Can also close fissure with nail glue.
44
What is the disorder in which a bruised nail is observed?
Hematoma
45
What is a hematoma?
A nail disorder in which a bruise is observed under the nail.
46
How should you treat hematoma?
If the skin is still tender, don't push the cuticle back. Once the bruise is "open", they should use anti-septic twice a day to prevent infection.
47
What is leukonychia
Leukonychia is a disorder in which white spots appear on the nail plate.
48
What is the cause of leukonychia?
Leukonychia is caused by damage due to a bad manicure or a blow to the nail. Can also be caused from a lack of potassium or zinc.
49
Name 3 precautions to take when working on a diabetic client.
1) Do not trim cuticles with nippers.
2) Shorten soaking time.
3) Light pressure massage.
50
Why take precautions with diabetics?
1) They have sensitive skin.
2) They have difficulty feeling pain
3) They are very susceptible to infection
4) They do not heal well
5) They bruise easily.
51
Name some potentially contagious hand and nail diseases.
1) Fungus, mold, ringworm
2) Matrix infection
3) Onycholysis
4) Paronychia
5) Onychia
6) Onychomycosis
7) Warts
52
Should you work on nail diseases?
Nail diseases should only be worked on with the approved of a doctor, and with caution.
53
What are the 5 symptoms of fungus?
1) Onycholysis, nail separation of free edge to the nail bed.
2) Discolouratoin
3) Thickening and Brittleness
4) Debris
5) Odour
54
What is Onychia.
Onychia is a nail disease. Inflamed tissue with pus at the eponychuim line above the matrix. Do not work on this. Very Contagious.
55
Should you work on onychomycosis?
No, it is very contagious.
56
What does paronychia look like?
In paronychia, the cuticle line will turn red and become swollen and tender due to infection. Attributed to bad manicuring or nail biting.
57
Should you work on paronychia?
No, it is very contagious.
58
What precautions should be taken to work on fungus and bacteria?
Fungus and bacteria can be worked on if prpoer procedurees are followed: Wear gloves (recommend: Nitrile, as hypoallergenic), mask, and protective eye wear.
59
What is the definition of sterilize?
Sterilize: to make free from all micro organisms.
60
What is the definition of disinfect?
To destroy specific micro organisms.
61
What is the definition of sanitize?
Sanitize: to remove dirt and some micro organisms. Ex: anti-bacteria soap.
62
What is pathogenic?
Pathogenic is known as harmful. Can cause illness or worse.
63
What does MSDS stand for?
Material Safety Data Sheets.
64
Can you disinfect an LCN nail file?
Technically yes, but it is better practice if you don't.
65
List the 5 steps in the procedure for disinfecting your Implements and Work Station.
1) Discard all non-reusable items such as wood sticks, cotton wipes, paper products, and nail files.
2) Wash implements thoroughly with an anti-bacterial soap and warm water.
3) Rinse implements thoroughly in water and dry.
4) Follow manufacturer's instructions for disinfection or sterilization.
5) Completely wipe your workstation with a disinfecting solution before your next client arrives.
66
List some working materials that are strictly disposable and cannot be reused.
- Cotton
- Paraffin wax liners
- Finger Cots
- Exam paper
- Gauze
- Sponges
- Gloves: Vinyle/Latex etc
- Q-Tips
- Corrector Pen Tips
- Face Masks
67
What is massage good for?
Massage
- stimulates and tones muscles
- helps to relieve soreness and stiffness in muscles and joints
- strengthens connective tissues
- aids in relaxation
- relieves fatigue
- provides relief of muscles spasms
- increases circulation
68
What direction should the massage pressure be applied?
Always work so that the greater pressure is being applied in the direction of the heart.
69
What is the name for the stroking movement in massage?
Effleurage
70
What was the type of kneading massage movement?
Petrissage
71
What are some benefits of paraffin wax?
- Deep intensive skin moisturizing
- Plumps up dehydrated skin cells
- Stimulates Blood Flow and Increases Circulation
- Stimulates Lymphatic Drainage and Detoxifies (not much in hand massage)
- Relieves Arthritis and Joint Pain
- Relaxation (Good for Mental Health)
72
What are the steps for Paraffin Wax Procedure?
1) Inspect hands for contra-indications
2) Remove old nail polish
- disinfect hands with a waterless hand sanitizer
- Apply Hand Mask
3) Test the temperature of the paraffin
4) Pour approximately 1/2 cup of paraffin into a plastic liner (can test temp after this)
5) Place hand into plastic liner
- Spread wax evenly over entire hand and wrist
- Cover with a warm towel or insulated mitt
- Repeat on other hand
6) Elevate hand by placing on table. Allow 10-15 minutes.
7) Remove paraffin, discard the used liner and paraffin.
8) Massage remaining moisturizer in to hands.
73
What is a hot oil treatment?
In hot oil treatment, client's finger tips are soaked in warm oil for deeper moisturizing. Done after all cuticle work.
74
Name 4 products that every client should go home with, and why.
1) Hand cream: prevents dryness and keeps hands hydrated and looking young.
2) Nail oil: prevents and treates hangnails, keeps cuticles soft, nourished, and hydrated.
3) Nail File: helps with hose sudden tears or splits in the nails, keeps them nicely shaped in between manicures.
4) Cuticle pen: on the go, perfect for travel; cuticle hydration
5) Nail hardener: a top coat that helps to protect and strength natural nails
6) Polish: to correct or touch up polish chips or smudges
7) Polish remover: to effectively and gently remove polish.
75
Name the product:
This non-oily, quick absorbing cream nourishes the skin with proteins and vitamins. Has a fresh calming scent. Apply a pearl size amount 1-2 times a day or as often as needed.
Hand cream.
76
Name the product:
Specifically formulated for mature skin. Collagen promotes elasticity and plumps the skin for younger looking hands. Contains jojoba oil, d-panthenal and marine elastin.
Anti-age cream.
77
Name the product:
This rich, regenerative, deep penetrating hand treatment is specifically recommended in combination with paraffin treatments. After use of a hand peeling cream apply a generous amount over hands. Let penetrate for 10 minutes, then gently massage into skin.
Hand mask.
78
Name the product:
Prevents and treats hangnails. Keeps cuticles soft and nourished with Viatmins A, E, F. Apply to cuticles 1-2 times a day or as often as needed.
Nail oil.
79
Effective nail and cuticle treatment contains Myrrh to regenerate damaged nails and cuticles plus promotes nail growth. Excellent treatment for dry peeling and splitting nails. Massage into cuticle and nails up to 3 times a week.
Nail Builder.
80
Name the product:
Non-oily serum that nourishes and strengthens weak nails. Contains Vitamin H, Silk Protein, Calcium and Keratin. Brush onto nail plate 1-2 times daily.
Nail serum.
81
Name the product:
Contains an extremely bitter, non-toxic substance to prevent nail biting. Lasts all day. Brush over nails and cuticles daily.
Nail Bitter.
82
Name the product:
Treatment for nail separation, nail bed and fungal infections. Apply to affected area 2x daily until condiction is cleared.
Onysept.
83
Name the product:
Anti-bacterial hand soak softens and conditions hands and nails. Mix 2.5 ml into one cup of water and soak hands up to 5 min once a week.
Nail Bath Concentrate.
84
Name the product:
Contains a gentle solution for softening hardened cuticles. Apply to cuticle before gently pushing back cuticles 1-2 times a week. Eliminates excess cuticle growth.
Cuticle Softener Pen (peach).
85
Name the product:
| A brush that cleans...
Manicure brush.
86
Name the product:
Clear polish with acrylic fibres provides an incredible shield for natural and artificial nails. Can be used as a base or top coat.
Super Hardener.
87
Name the product:
| A super high gloss finish ideal to enhance nail polish or nail art.
Wet look.
88
Name the product:
Penetrating treatment with calcium and vitamin E. Strengthens natural nails. Apply 1 coat to nails before polish 2 times a week.
Nail hardener.
89
Name the product:
| Super fast drying top coat polish. Helps polish dry quickly. Apply over moist polish with light strokes.
Speed Dray
90
Name the product:
| Instantly dries polish while moisturizing cuticles. Brush lightly over polished nails. Allow nails to dry 2-4 minutes.
Quick Dry Oil.
91
You observe inflamed tissue with pus at the eponychuim line above the matrix. What is it?
Onychia. Do not work on this. Very Contagious
92
You see excessive growth of skin on the nail plate. What is it called?
Pterygium. Safe to work on, disorder.
93
What is the medical term for nail biting?
Onychophagy.
94
What is onychophagy?
Nail biting.
95
What is the disorder called when nails are split and brittle?
Onychorrhexis.
96
What is Onychorrhexis?
The disorder called when nails are split and brittle
97
What is the disorder in which the free edge curves down, also called eggshel nails?
Onychomalacia.
98
What is onychomalacia?
Eggshell nails.
99
What is Onycholysis?
Onycholysis: a disorder that is symptom of a disease such as fungus. The nail plate lifts off the nail bed and takes on a whitish colour due to its lack of adhesion.
100
What is Onychomycosis?
Onychomycosis. A long yellow line within the nail, beginning at the free edge and working towards the nail root. It is a very contagious disease, do not work on this.
101
What is it called when you see a long yellow line within the nail, beginning at the free edge and working towards the nail root?
Onychomycosis. Very contagious, do not work on this.
102
What is paronychia?
Paronychia: Deep inflammation around the base or side wall of the nail. The cuticle line will turn red and become swollen and tender. Very contagious, do not work on this. Recommend onsept.
103
What is it called when you see the cuticle line turn red and become swollen and tender.
Paronychia. Very contagious, do not work on this. Recommend onsept.
104
Can fungus and bacteria be worked one?
Some fungus and bacteria can be worked on if proper procedures are followed. Wear gloves, mask, and protective eye wear.
105
What is the role of the matrix?
The matrix (nail root) produces karatin cells that harden and grow into the nail plate itself.
106
What happens if the matrix is damaged?
If the matrix is damaged, the nail will no longer grow or will grow deformed.
107
Name the smaller bone on the pinkie finger side of the forearm.
The ulna.
108
Name the larger bone in the forearm on the same side as your thumb.
The radius.
109
What is the name of the bones in the palm of the hand?
metacarpals.
110
What are the names of the bones in the fingers?
Phalanges.
111
What is the danger in the moisture content of nails being high?
High moisture could cause mold or fungus.
112
What is the primary purpose of the nail plate?
To protect the ends of the fingers.
