LE + Lumbar Plexus Anatomy

Question 1

dorsal muscles in lower extremities

Answer 1

• extend and abduct the hip
• flex knee and toes
• plantar flex the ankle

Question 2

ventral muscles in lower extremities

Answer 2

• flex the hip
• extend the knee and toes
• dorsiflex the ankle

Question 3

three parts of the pelvis

Answer 3

• ilium
• ischium
• pubis

Question 4

elevators in lower extremity

Answer 4

DORSAL

• hip extensors
• abductors and flexors
• knee and toe extensors
• ankle dorsiflexors

Question 5

depressors in lower extremitiy

Answer 5

VENTRAL

• hip adductors and extensors
• knee and toe flexors
• ankle plantar flexors

Question 6

posterior divisions of lumbosacral plexus

Answer 6

-go to ventral surface elevators

Question 7

anterior divisions of lumbosacral plexus

Answer 7

-go to medial and dorsal surface depressors

Question 8

what ventral rami contribute to lumbar plexus?

Answer 8

L1-L4

Question 9

what ventral rami contribute to sacral plexus?

Answer 9

L4/L5-S4

Question 10

what comes off ventral rami L1?

Answer 10

• iliohypogastric

- ilioinguinal

Question 11

what rami form the genitofemoral nerve?

Answer 11

L1 and L2; two branches of these rami come together to form the genitofemoral

Question 12

What forms the femoral nerve?

Answer 12

posterior divisions of L2-L4

Question 13

what does the femoral nerve innervate?

Answer 13

anterior thigh

Question 14

what forms the obturator nerve?

Answer 14

anterior divisions of L2-L4

Question 15

what does the obturator nerve innervate?

Answer 15

the medial thigh

Question 16

what forms the common fibular (peroneal) nerve?

Answer 16

posterior divisions of L4-S2

Question 17

what does the peroneal nerve innervate?

Answer 17

back of thigh, swings around to front of leg

Question 18

what forms the tibial nerve?

Answer 18

the anterior divisions of L4-S4

Question 19

what does the tibial nerve innervate?

Answer 19

continues down the back of the leg from the back of the thigh

Question 20

what forms the sicatic nerve?

Answer 20

peroneal and tibial nerves

L4-S4 anterior and posterior divisions

Question 21

what does the sicatic nerve innervate?

Answer 21

back of the thigh

Question 22

function of iliopsoas nerve

Answer 22

hip flexion

Question 23

function of femoral nerve

Answer 23

quads - hip flexion and knee extension

Question 24

function of obturator nerve

Answer 24

adductors - hip adduction

Question 25

function of peroneal nerve

Answer 25

anterior leg MM - dorsiflexion and toe extension

Question 26

function of tibial nerve

Answer 26

posterior thigh and leg mm - hip extension, knee flexion, plantar flexion, and toe flexion

Question 27

what forms the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?

Answer 27

L2 and L3

Question 28

what does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve innervate?

Answer 28

the lateral aspect of the thigh

Question 29

what is the main branch of the femoral nerve?

Answer 29

saphenous nerve

Question 30

what does the saphenous nerve innervate?

Answer 30

the medial aspect of the leg and ankle

Question 31

what does the deep branch of the peroneal innervate?

Answer 31

anterior compartment of leg; in between two big toes

Question 32

what does the superficial branch of the peroneal innervate?

Answer 32

the lateral compartment of the leg

Question 33

muscles of the hip

Answer 33

- gluteus maximums - gluteus medius - gluteus minimus - piriformis - quadratus femoris

Question 34

where does the sciatic nerve emerge?

Answer 34

emerges from under the piriformis

Question 35

quadriceps muscles

Answer 35

- sartorius - vastus lateralis - rectus femoris - vastus medialis

Question 36

what innervates quadriceps muscles?

Answer 36

femoral nerve

Question 37

arteries of lower limb

Answer 37

aorta --> external iliac artery --> Profunda femoirs (deep artery of thigh) --> femoral artery --> popliteal artery --> anterior tibial --> dorsalis pedis

Question 38

hamstrings muscles

Answer 38

BITE ME Grandma - biceps femoris - semitendinosis - semimembrinosis - grasilis

Question 39

adductor muscles

Answer 39

- adductor longus - adductor magnus - adductor brevis - pectineus

Question 40

what innervates adductor muscles?

Answer 40

obturator nerve | -includes pectineus that also gets innervation from the femoral nerve

Question 41

major extrinsic plantar flexors

Answer 41

- gastrocnemius (medial and lateral head) - plantaris - soleus

Question 42

what innervates major extrinsic plantar flexors?

Answer 42

tibial nerve

Question 43

flexors and foot invertors

Answer 43

- tibialis posterior - flexor digitorum longus - flexor hallucis longus - popliteus

Question 44

toe extensors and ankle dorsiflexors

Answer 44

- extensor digitorum longus - extensor hallucis longus - peroneus tertius - tibialis anterior

Question 45

what innervates toe extensors and ankle dorsiflexors

Answer 45

peroneal nerve

Question 46

foot everters

Answer 46

- peroneus longus - peroneus brevis - extensor hallucis longus - peroneus tertius

Question 47

superficial intrinsic foot muscles

Answer 47

-plantar aponeurosis helps to stabilize the arch of the foot

Question 48

short flexors and abductors of foot

Answer 48

- flexor digitorum brevis - adductor digiti minimi - abductor hallucis - all originate from calcaneus

Question 49

intrinsic foot muscles deep layer

Answer 49

control big toe | -similar to thenar and hypothenar eminences of the hand

Question 50

goals of lower limb muscles

Answer 50

- maintain stiff lower limb during walking - change limb angles to propel body forward and swing limb forward - sense and control limb angles

Question 51

gluteus maximus function during activity

Answer 51

- extensor that keeps you upright - thigh/hip extension - prevents jack-knifing of trunk

Question 52

lesser gluteals (minimus and medius) function during activity

Answer 52

- abductors that provide balance - thigh/hip abduction - function to balance the pelvis

Question 53

quadriceps (vasti) muscles function during activity

Answer 53

- extensors that resist - extend knee - function is to prevent collapse of the knee

Question 54

hamstrings function during activity

Answer 54

- keep you upright - extend hip and flex knee - function is to prevent jack-knifing of trunk

Question 55

iliopsoas function during activity

Answer 55

- flex thigh (hip) | - initiate limb swinging

Question 56

adductors function during activity

Answer 56

kind of a mystery | adduct thigh

Question 57

ankle plantar flexors function during activity

Answer 57

- power locomotion - plantarflex - drives toe-off and can store energy

Question 58

ankle dorsiflexors function during activity

Answer 58

- clearing the floor and landing - dorsiflex - control foot position during swing and position foot for heel-strike

Question 59

nerves that travel around the lateral ankle to the plantar surface of the foot

Answer 59

``` Tom Dick and never Harry Tibialis posterior flexor Digitorum longus post tib Artery tibial Nerve flexor Hallucis longus ```