LE2

Question 1

A geothermal fluid with a high saturation of sodium chloride or other salts.

Answer 1

Brine

Question 2

Rocks of high resistance overlying a geothermal reservoir.

Answer 2

Cap Rocks

Question 3

A planar rock fracture or fracture zone in the Earth’s crust

Answer 3

Fault

Question 4

A hot spring that shoots intermittent discharge of hot water and steam into the air

Answer 4

Geyser

Question 5

The process of returning geothermal fluids, utilized to generate heat, back into the ground

Answer 5

Injection

Question 6

The measure of a material’s ability to transmit a fluid

Answer 6

Permeability

Question 7

The measure of the void spaces in a material by a ratio of the aggregate volume of pore spacesin rock or soil to its total volume usually stated as a percent

Answer 7

Porosity

Question 8

The rate of increase or decrease in the Earth’s temperature relative to depth

Answer 8

Thermal Gradient

Question 9

Name 6 geothermal powerplants in the Philippines

Answer 9

• BacMan
• Mindanao
• Southern Negros
• Northern Negros
• Leyte
• Tiwi

Geothermal Production Field

Question 10

Name 1 geothermal powerplants outside the Philippines

Answer 10

The Geysers

Question 11

A thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor.

Answer 11

Nuclear Power Plant

Question 12

What are the types of nuclear power plants?

Answer 12

• PWR
• BWR

Question 13

What’s the difference between the two types of NPP?

Answer 13

The main difference between a BWR and PWR is that in a BWR, the reactor core heats water, which turns to steam and then drives a steam turbine. In a PWR, the reactor core heats water, which does not boil. This hot water then exchanges heat with a lower pressure water system, which turns to steam and drives the turbine.

Question 14

What are the parts of a NPP system?

Answer 14

• Nuclear Reactor
• Steam Turbine
• Generator
• Cooling system
• Safety valves
• Feedwater pump
• Emergency power supply

Question 15

This part of the NPP system is where the heat is generated by controlled nuclear fission.

Answer 15

Nuclear Reactor

Question 16

This part of the NPP system converts the heat contained in steam into mechanical energy.

Answer 16

Steam Turbine

Question 17

This part of the NPP system converts kinetic energy supplied by the turbine into electrical energy.

Answer 17

Generator

Question 18

This part of the NPP system removes heat from the reactor core and transports it to another area of the plant, where the thermal energy can be harnessed to produce electricity or to do other useful work.

Answer 18

Cooling System

Question 19

This part of the NPP system is used to prevent pipes from bursting or the reactor from exploding.

Answer 19

Safety Valves

Question 20

This part of the NPP system controls the water level in the steam generator and nuclear reactor. It has the task of taking the water from the condensate system, increasing the pressure and forcing it into either the steam generators (in the case of a pressurized water reactor) or directly into the reactor (for boiling water reactors).

Answer 20

Feedwater pump

Question 21

This part of the NPP system maintains safety in the event of unit shut down and loss of offsite power.

Answer 21

Emergency Power Supply

Question 22

What is the purpose of pressure in pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant?

Answer 22

To keep the heated water in its liquid form

Question 23

Why are nuclear power plants being considered even when it is so dangerous?

Answer 23

Large nuclear power plant saves more than 50,000 barrels of oil per day

Question 24

Where should Nuclear Power Plants be built?

Answer 24

• As far as possible from populated areas
• Near water sources
• On firm and solid grounds

Question 25

Name 1 NPP in Philippines.

Answer 25

Bataan Nuclear Power Plant

Question 26

Name 3 NPP in Japan.

Answer 26

Ikata, Tomari, Onagawa NPP

Question 27

Name 3 NPP in South Korea.

Answer 27

Kori, Hanul, Hanbit NPP

Question 28

Name 3 NPP in China.

Answer 28

Fuqing, Sanmen, Qinshan NPP

Question 29

Name 3 NPP in Russia.

Answer 29

Kola, Rostov, Kalinin NPP

Question 30

Name 3 NPP in Canada.

Answer 30

Pickering, Bruce, Darlington NPP

Question 31

Name 1 NPP in Ukraine

Answer 31

Chernobyl NPP

Question 32

This power station utilizes a gasturbine, also called a combustion turbine,which is a type of internal combustion engine.

Answer 32

Gas Turbine Power Plant

Question 33

The basic operation of the gas turbine issimilar to that of the steam powerplant except that \_\_\_ is used instead of water.

Answer 33

air

Question 34

What are the two classification of GTPP?

Answer 34

Open cycle GT Closed cycle GT

Question 35

What classification of gas turbine have a working fluid has to be changed constantly as they are exhausted into the atmosphere? ## Footnote **The entire flowcomes from theatmosphere andthen returned tothe atmosphere.**

Answer 35

Open cycle GT

Question 36

Give 4 advantages of Gas Turbine PP

Answer 36

* The cost of maintenance is less * It is simple in construction * Cheaper fuel such as kerosene, paraffin,benzene and powdered coal can be used * Can be used where water is not readily available

Question 37

Give 2 disadvantages of Gas Turbine PP

Answer 37

* Low thermal efficiency * High frequency noise from the compressor

Question 38

Gas Turbine PP operate as peak load plant. True or False

Answer 38

True

Question 39

Gas Turbine PP has an efficiency of less than \_\_%

Answer 39

40

Question 40

What are the 3 components in the system of Gas Turbine PP?

Answer 40

* Compressor * Combustor * Turbine

Question 41

Name 3 GTPP in the Philippines

Answer 41

* San Lorenzo CCGT * San Gabriel CCP * Bataan CCGT

Question 42

What are the types of engines used for GTs?

Answer 42

* Free Piston Engine * Two-stroke Engine

Question 43

This engine is a linear, 'crankless' internalcombustion engine, in which the piston motion is notcontrolled by a crankshaft but determined by theinteraction of forces from the combustion chamber gases, arebound device (e.g., a piston in a closed cylinder) and aload device (e.g. a gas compressor or a linear alternator).

Answer 43

Free piston engine

Question 44

When and who discovered geothermal fields?

Answer 44

1847 ; Willian Bell Elliot

Question 45

What areas can be used for geothermal energy harvesting?

Answer 45

* Volcanoes * Hot springs * Geysers

Question 46

The center of the earth is estimated atTemperature up to \_\_\_\_\_\_ K due to decayprocess of radioactive isotopes.

Answer 46

10,000

Question 47

What is the total steady geothermal energy flow towards earth's surface

Answer 47

4.2 × 10 10 Kw

Question 48

What is the average flow energy?

Answer 48

0.063 W/m2.

Question 49

Site Selection of Geothermal

Answer 49

* Borax deposits present * Water at 120°C at 200 to 500 m depths * Na-Ca-Cl-SO4 contents * shallow depth reservoir withwater at 80° to 110°C.

Question 50

Where was the first geothermal power plant?

Answer 50

Lardarello, Italy

Question 51

What are the types of geothermal power plants?

Answer 51

* Dry Steam * Flash Steam * Binary Cycle

Question 52

Dry steam is also called as \_\_\_

Answer 52

Vapour Dominated System

Question 53

What are the 4 applications of geothermal energy?

Answer 53

Heating,cooking, medical purposes, and electricity.