LEA Flashcards
(143 cards)
1
Q
the agency of a community or government that is responsible for enforcing the law, maintaining public order, and preventing and detecting crimes.
A
POLICE
2
Q
The term police was derived from the Roman word *** which means the condition of a State, government, and administration.
A
POLITIA
3
Q
Politia originated from the Greek word *** which means a group of persons that governs a city.
A
POLITEIA
4
Q
It was the **** who translated the word politia to police to refer to a law enforcer.
A
FRENCH
5
Q
is a being of legal existence susceptible of rights and legal obligations or a being subject of juridical relations. It refers to a corporation, partnership, association, entity, and the like.
A
JURIDICIAL PERSON
6
Q
refers to a human being.
A
NATURAL PERSON
7
Q
policemen are considered as servants of higher authorities and the people have little or no share at all in their duties, nor have any direct connection with them. This prevails in countries like France, Italy, and Spain where the governmental structure follows the centralization pattern.
A
CONTINENTAL THEORY
8
Q
policemen are considered as servants of the community, who depend on their effectiveness in performing their functions. This is practiced in England and in the United States where the governmental structure is decentralized.
A
HOME RULE THEORY
9
Q
the public look at policemen to be more effective if they conduct numerous arrests and put behind bars what they have arrested.
A
OLD CONCEPT
10
Q
the public look at policemen as more effective in the absence of crime. Police functions are not limited to the act of arresting offenders or to other matters dealing with offenders. Police functions at present include public service.
A
MODERN CONCEPT
11
Q
the right to command and control a behavior.
A
AUTHORITY
12
Q
the act of a person, higher in authority, conferring power, authority, duty, or responsibility to the lower authority.
A
DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
13
Q
to direct or conduct the affairs or interest of various units.
A
MANAGE
14
Q
the act of systematically arranging different units in hierarchical order in order to perform specific functions in achieving desired objectives.
A
ORGANIZING
15
Q
an association of human beings to attain a specific goal or objective. For an organization to be successful, it must be both effective and efficient.
A
ORGANIZATION
16
Q
refers to doing things in a right manner, focuses on getting the maximum output with minimum resources, focuses on the process or means,
A
EFFICIENCY
17
Q
refers to doing the right things;focuses on measuring if the actual output meets the desired output; and focuses on the end.
A
EFFECTIVENESS
18
Q
the inherent responsibility of a police organization to be answerable for the misconducts committed by its members.
A
POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY
19
Q
an organizational process concerned with the implementation of the objectives and plans, and internal operating efficiency of the police organization.
A
POLICE ADMINISTRATION
20
Q
the act of administering, controlling, or handling various aspects of police organization.
A
POLICE MANAGEMENT
21
Q
the duties and responsibilities carried out by police agencies concerning public order and public safety.
A
POLICE FUNCTIONS
22
Q
a number of police units systematically arranged for some purpose or objective.
A
POLICE ORGANIZATION
23
Q
the inherent power of the government to impose reasonable restrictions on the liberties of its citizens for the maintenance of public order and safety.
A
POLICE POWER
24
Q
The various units of a police organization are the following:
A
a. Functional units;
b. Line units; and
c. Geographical/Territorial units
25
the largest organic functional unit within a large department;
BUREAU
26
a primary subdivision of a bureau
DIVISION
27
a unit within a division that is necessary for specialization
SECTION
28
the functional group within a section. It is the smallest functional group within an organization
UNIT
29
a police organization refer to the personnel who directly interact with the public.
LINE UNITS
30
the fixed point or location to which an officer is assigned for duty;
POST
31
a line of streets designated for patrol purposes. It is also known as Line Beat;
ROUTE
32
an area assigned for patrol purposes, whether by foot or by vehicle;
BEAT
33
an area containing two or more beats, routes, or posts;
SECTOR
34
a geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes, usually within its own station;
DISTRICT
35
a territorial division of a large city each comprised of designated districts.
AREA
36
a straight line organization which is often called the individual, military, or departmental type of organization. It is the simplest and clearest form of police organization.
Line Type Police Organization
37
combines line units and staff (support) units so that services of personnel performing special functions can be provided to police officers performing line functions
Line and Staff Type Police Organization
38
that where personnel have to serve several heads.
Functional type
39
the process of selecting goals and determining how to achieve them. It includes the act of selecting missions and objectives, the policies, the programs and the procedure, and the course of action on how to achieve them. It requires decision making. Decision making is the act of choosing from among the alternative courses of action.
Planning
40
the process of making an organization fit with its objectives, resources, and environment.
Organizing
41
the process of giving orders, commands, directives, or instructions to personnel in order to rule or guide them in accomplishing the goals or objectives of an organization.
Directing
42
the act of placing personnel to the positions in the organizational structure considering their qualifications.
Staffing
43
the set of activities and processes used to legally obtain a sufficient number of right people for specific positions.
Recruitment
44
The process of choosing from among the candidates the most suitable person for the current position or for future position.
Selection
45
states that the appointing authority must prioritize the selection of next in rank in filling up a vacant position. This rule is not, however, absolute. The appointing authority may still appoint any other person aside from the next in rank provided he must state the reason of not complying with said rule.
Next - in - Rank - Rule
46
The process of measuring performance.
Appraisal
47
The act of improving the ability required in the current job.
Training
48
the act of improving the ability required in the future job.
Development
49
The manner of integrating the different elements within and outside of an organization into a harmonious relationship.
Coordinating
50
the system of classifying and compiling written communications going inside and going outside of an organization.
Recording
51
the management of income and expenditures within the organization.
Budgeting
52
the members of a police organization must be motivated by a common thing in accomplishing a common mission.
Unity of Objectives
53
a vertical hierarchy of organization is required. The unbroken chain of command from top to bottom must be observed.
Scalar Principle
54
a set of police officers should be under the control of only one superior police officer.
Unity of Command
55
a superior must manage a number of persons that he can effectively control.
Span of Control
56
a superior may delegate some of his duties to his subordinates for it is impossible for him to perform all the duties that he is required to perform. Said superior is, however, responsible for the neglect of his subordinates.
Delegation of Authority
57
various functions are arranged into a workable pattern. This principle states that operational units are responsible for the direct accomplishment of the objectives, while the administrative units are responsible for the support or advisory functions to facilitate the capacity of the operational units.
Line and Staff Principle
58
1. What were the significant developments of Police in the international setting especially in England
a. Anglo-saxon period (years 600 – 1066);
b. Norman period (years 1066 – 1284);
c. Westminster period ( years 1285 – 1500); and
d. Modern period in England (17th – 19th Century).
59
What were the significant developments during the Anglo – saxon Period in England?
a. Thanes Policing System;
b. Frankpledge Policing System;
c. Tun Policing System;
d. Hue and Cry Policing System;
e. Royal Judge; and
f. Trial by Ordeal.
60
King Alfred the Great introduced a type of internal police force whereby landowners (known as “Thanes”) throughout his kingdom were responsible to police their own territory. As such, the landowners are empowered to arrest offenders and deliver them to the King. They were also empowered to settle civil litigations.
Thanes Policing System;
61
mutual pledge whereby every male over twelve (12) years old joined nine (9) of his neighbors to form tythingmen. Said tythingmen performed police works. Anyone who failed to join and perform this duty was severely fined.
Frankpledge Policing System;
62
required all male residents to guard the town to preserve peace and order, protect the life and property of the people, and suppress other factors affecting peace and order. Tun was the forerunner of the word “town.”
Tun Policing System
63
was carried out by a victim of a crime to shout for help at the middle of the community. Once heard by male residents, they automatically assemble to apprehend the perpetrator.
Hue and Cry Policing System
64
conducts criminal investigation and gives appropriate punishment for the crime committed.
Royal Judge
65
requires a suspect to put his hands over boiling water or is required to perform any other act which may hurt him. If he was hurt, the society considered him guilty; otherwise, he was not considered guilty. This was in accordance with the belief by the people before that God will protect the innocent one from being hurt.
Trial by Ordeal
66
What are the significant developments during the Norman Period in England?
a. Shire – Reeve System;
b. Court of the Tourn;
c. Court Leet
d. Leges Henry;
e. Keepers of Peace; and
f. Magna Carta (Great Charter).
67
was observed during the time when King William Norman became the ruler of England. King Norman divided the kingdom into 55 military districts known as Shire – Reeves where Shire was used to refer to a district and Reeve was used to refer to the ruler of that district. Said ruler made laws, rendered judgment, and imposed penalties.
Shire – Reeve System
68
Shire was used to refer to a _____?
District
69
Reeve was used to refer to the ____?
Ruler of that district
70
settles a range of cases, more often dealing with petty offenses and civil matters. From the Court, 12 tythingmen were selected to hear cases of serious in nature.
Court of the Tourn
71
Looked after matters of purely local interest and petty village nuisances
Court Leet
72
The head of the Court Leet was the “Comes Stable,” which means
Master of the House
73
appointed by the King to be responsible in keeping peace and order in a specific area.
Comes Stable
74
passed during the time of King Henry I and its features, together with their comparison with the Philippine policing system at present, were the following:
• The law violations were classified as offenses against the King;
• The policemen were considered as public officials; and
• The policemen and citizens were given the power to conduct arrest.
Legas Henry
75
was a proclamation issued by King Richard of England in 1195 requiring the appointment of knights to maintain peace and order at the place where the king is residing. The knights were posted on bridges and gates to check the people entering and leaving the town or cities.
Keepers of peace
76
was sealed by King John of England on June 15, 1215. This became a law upon the demand of the Knights of the Round Table and it had the following declarations:
• No freemen shall be taken or imprisoned, disposed, outlawed, or bowed except by legal judgment of his peers;
• No person should be tried for murder unless there is proof of the body of the victim; and
• There should be national and local government as well as the national and local legislation
Magna Carta (Great Charter)
77
What were the significant developments during the Westminster Period in England?
a. Statute of Winchester (1285 – 1500);
b. Statute of 1295;
c. Justice of Peace; and
d. Star Chamber of Court.
78
was enacted introducing the system of Watch and Ward.
Statute of Winchester
79
Introduced the closure of gates of London. This started the observation of curfew hours.
Statute of 1295
80
was the position given to respectable citizens. These persons were given the right to conduct arrest and imprison offenders.
Justice of Peace
81
was established as a special court to try offenders against the State.
It later on, however, became a both a court of law to determine civil rights and a court of revenue to enrich treasury
Star Chamber of court
82
What are the significant developments during the Modern Period in England?
a. King Charles II (1633);
b. Henry Fielding (1748);
c. William Pitt (1785); and
d. Sir Robert Peel (1829).
83
passed a law that provided for the employment of Night Watchmen or Bellmen to be on duty from sunset to sunrise.
King Charles II
84
were known as Rattle watch because they carried rattles while on duty to inform the public of their watchful presence.
Night Watchmen or Bellmen
85
became the chief magistrate at Bow Street in London. He organized a group of men known as Bow Street Runners (Thief catchers).
Henry Fielding
86
whose duty was to patrol the main roads thereby securing travelers from highway bandits.
Bow Street Horse Patrol
87
presented a bill in the British Parliament calling for the creation of a police force in London. This proposal met with instant opposition. Pitt argued that this new force would be responsible for the apprehension of criminals and crime prevention that would be the formal continuation of the mandate of the Bow Street Runners. After considerable opposition to the proposed police force for London and charges that it would be used to strengthen the very centralist authoritarian government, William Pitt’s bill was withdrawn.
1785, William Pitt
88
Introduced the Metropolitan Act which was passed by the Parliament of England
Sir Robert Peel
89
which was viewed as the first world’s first organized uniformed police force. This force was later on named as the Scotland Yard.
Metropolitan Police Force of London
90
What were the significant developments in American Police System?
a. Boston, Massachusetts (1638), night watch was initiated;
b. New York (1658), organization of rattle watch;
c. Philidelpia (1700), start of night watch;
d. New Have, Connecticut, (1722), introduction of a police regulation that “No watchman has the liberty to sleep;”
e. New York City (1856), adoption of full police uniform;
f. Texas (1835), organization of Texas Rangers;
g. Massachusetts (1865), organization of State Constables; and
h. Pennsylvania (1905), introduction of Pennsylvania State Police.
91
What are the significant developments in Philippine setting during the Spanish occupation?
a. Carabineros de Seguridad Publico (1712);
b. Guardilleros (1836); and
c. Guardia Civil (1852).
92
was organized for the purpose of carrying out the regulations of the State. In 1781, it was given the special commission as custodian of the tobacco monopoly.
Carabineros de Seguridad Publico
93
known as ___________________ by virtue of Royal Decree of December 20, 1842. Its duties became police – like and more general which included the prosecution of law breakers, maintenance of peace and order, and execution of laws.
It was subsequently given limited power to discharge duties as port, harbor, and river police.
Cuerpo De Carabineros De Seguridad Publica
94
was a body of rural police organization established by Royal Decree of January 28, 1836. The Decree provided that 5% of the able – bodied male inhabitants of each province were to be enlisted in the police organization for three (3) years tour of duty.
Guardilleros
95
was created by a royal decree issued by the Crown on February 12, 1852, to partially relieve the Spanish Peninsula Troops of their work in policing towns. They were under the Governor or Alcalde and they had bright and showy uniform, distinctively prominent insignia, and rigidly maintained military bearing
Guardia Civil
96
What are the significant developments in Philippine setting during the American occupation?
a. Insular Police Force (1890);
b. Insular Constabulary (1901);
c. Manila Police Department (1901);
d. Philippine Constabulary (1901);
e. Revised Administrative Code (1917);
f. Philippine Constitution (1935);
g. Kempeitai (1942);
h. Republic Act 157 (1947);
i. Republic Act 4864 (1966);
j. Republic Act 6040 (1969);
k. Republic Act 6506 (1972);
l. Presidential Decree 765 (1975);
m. Presidential Decree 1184 (1977);
n. Philippine Constitution (1987);
o. Republic Act 6975 (1990);
p. Republic Act 8551 (1998);
q. Republic Act 9263 (2004); and
r. Republic Act 9708 (2009).
s.Republic Act 11131
t. Republic Act 11200
97
was established on November 30, 1890 during the Philippine – American War (1898-1901) upon recommendation of the Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War.
Insular Police Force
98
was created on July 18, 1901 by virtue of Act 175. This law was entitled “An Act Providing for the Organization and Government of an Insular Constabulary and for the Inspection of Municipal Police.”
Insular Constabulary
99
was organized on July 31, 1901 by virtue of Act 183. The first Chief of Police was Capt. George Curry, a United States army officer appointed by the Taft Commission on August 7, 1901. Capt. Columbus Piatt, on the other hand, was the last American Chief of Police of ______________.
When the ___________ was taken over by Filipinos, the first Filipino to head it was Col. Antonio Torres.
Manila Police Department
100
changed the Insular Constabulary by virtue of Act 255. Brigade – General Henry Tureman Allen, an 1882 graduate of the United States Military Academy, was the first chief of Philippine Constabulary. The first enlisted personnel strength on December 15, 1901 under Brigade – General Allen was 2, 500 in number. They were always outnumbered but won many victories where they are inspired by the creed: “To be outnumbered, always; to be outfought, never.” Aside from maintenance of peace and order, the members of Philippine Constabulary during that time focused on the suppression of rebellion.
When World War 1 broke out, most high ranking officers of the United States Army were transferred to France so Filipino soldiers were given the opportunity to run the Philippine Constabulary. Hence, in December 1917, a person by the name of Brigadier – General Rafael Crame was appointed as the first Filipino to head the Philippine Constabulary. Brigadier – General Crame served with competence for PC Chief for ten (10) years, earning the respect of his men and even the criminals he captured.
Philippine Constabulary
101
It stated that the Philippine Constabulary is a national police institution for preserving peace, keeping order, and enforcing the law.
Revised Administrative Code (1917)
102
It provided that the government shall organize and maintain a national police force to preserve public order and enforce the law
Philippine Constitution (1935)
103
On January 2, 1942 in the advent of World War II, the first element of Japanese Imperial Army called Kempeitai entered Manila. A member of the corps was called Kempei.
Kempeitai (1942)
104
Kempeitai Literally meant "___________" It was organized and existed from 1881 to 1945 to discharge not public service but to perform functions of the military police for the Imperial Japanese Navy under the direction of the Admiralty Minister.
Military Police Corps.
105
The National Bureau of Investigation was established on June 19, 1947 by virtue of Republic Act 157.
Republic Act 157 (1947)
106
otherwise known as the “Police Act of 1966” was enacted on August 8, 1966. It created a Police Commission under the Office of the President of the Philippines.
Republic Act 4864 (1966)
107
amended certain sections of Republic Act numbered 2260 known as the “Civil Service Act of 1969.”
It empowered the Police Commission to give the appropriate examinations for officers and members of local police forces, with the assistance of the Civil Service Commission. (Sec 9 of RA 6040)
This was perhaps the first move to professionalize the police force.
Republic Act 6040 (1969)
108
otherwise known as “An Act Creating the Board of Examiners for Criminologists in the Philippines and for Other Purposes” was approved and took effect on July 1, 1972.
Republic Act 6506 (1972)
109
was enacted on August 8, 1975
Presidential Decree 765 (1975)
110
otherwise known as “The Integrated National Police Personnel Professionalization Act of 1977” was enacted on August 26, 1977.
Presidential Decree 1184 (1977)
111
provides in part that the State shall establish and maintain one police force, which shall be national in scope and civilian in character, to be administered and controlled by a National Police Commission. The authority of the local executives over the police units in their jurisdiction shall be provided by law.
1987 Philippine Constitution
112
was approved on December 13, 1990 by the President Corazon C. Aquino. It was recognized later as the “DILG Act of 1990.” This law established the Philippine National Police, a merger of the Integrated National Police and Philippine Constabulary. It also created the National Police Commission to administer and control the Philippine National Police. It further enforced the policy that the PNP shall be national in scope and civilian in character, in compliance with the provisions of Section 6, Article XVI of the Constitution.
Republic Act 6975 (1990);
113
is the “PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998.” It amended the provisions of Republic Act 6975 concerning the PNP, which had the main purpose of reforming and professionalizing the PNP.
Republic Act 8551 (1998)
114
is known as Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) and Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) Professionalization Act of 2004. (Sec 1 of RA 9263)
It revised some provisions of Republic Act 6975 especially those pertaining to BFP and BJMP.
Republic Act 9263 (2004)
115
is an Act Extending for Five (5) years the Reglementary Period for Complying with the Minimum Educational Qualification for Appointment to the PNP and Adjusting the Promotion System Thereof, Amending Certain Provisions of Republic Act 6975 and Republic Act 8551 and for Other Purposes.
Republic Act 9708 (2009)
116
is the law Regulating the practice of Criminology Profession in the Philippines and Appropriating Funds therefor, repealing for the purpose Republic Act 6506.
Republic Act 11131
117
is the act providing for Rank Classification in the Philippine National Police , Amending for the purpose Section 28 of Republic Act 6975, as amended, otherwise known as the “Department of Interior and Local Government Act of 1990.” It substantially returned the military rank of police personnel.
Republic Act 11200
118
is an act establishing the Philippine National Police (PNP) under the re – organized department of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), and for other purposes. It is known as the “Department of Interior and Local Government Act (DILG) of 1990.”
Republic Act 6975
119
It implemented the provisions of Sec. 6, Art. XVI of the ____ Constitution
1987
120
The provisions of Republic Act 6975 dealing with PNP were amended by Republic Act 8551 and those dealing with Jail Bureau and Fire Bureau were amended by __________.
Republic Act 9263
121
The policy of the State under the 1987 Constitution that the PNP shall be ___________ ____ ________ ___ _______ ___ ___________
national in scope and civilian in character
122
This policy of the State cannot be changed by any law because it is expressly stated under Sec 6, Art XVI of the Philippine Constitution, being the _____ ___ __ ___ ____.
supreme law of the land
123
Graduates of the Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) shall be automatically appointed to the initial rank of _____.
Inspector
124
Cadets of PNPA, on the other hand, have the rank of higher than Police Executive Master Sergeant but lower than Police Lieutenant. Some, however, call the cadets of PNPA as ______ ______
Floating Inspectors
125
Before the effectivity of Republic Act 6975, the highest in rank in the police force was given the rank of ______ _______ ________ and the lowest rank was ________ ________.
Police Brigadier General and Patrolman or Patrolwoman
126
before the effectivity of Republic Act 6975, the highest in rank in the Fire Bureau was given the rank of ____ ________ _______ and the lowest rank was ____.
Fire Brigadier General and Fireman
127
The First Officer in Command is the PNP Chief with the Rank of ____
Police General
128
The Second Officer in Command is the Deputy Chief of the PNP for Administration with the rank of ___ ____ ____
Police Lieutenant General
129
The Third Officer in Command is the Deputy Chief of the PNP for Operations with the rank of ____ _______ ____
Police Lieutenant General
130
How many Star Generals are there in the Philippine National Police in one occasion?
97
131
are those mandated to perform essential and purely police functions such as law enforcement, crime prevention and investigation, intelligence, internal security operations, and other related administrative works.
Line Officers
132
, on the other hand, are those recruited by virtue of their special technical skills and competencies, such as medical officers, dentists, nurses, lawyers, criminologists, etc.
Technical Service Officers
133
Officers who possess or acquire the same special technical skills and competencies but originally commissioned in the regular corps of officers shall be considered as .
Line Officers
134
is appointed/promoted by the PNP Regional Director for Regional Personnel or by the PNP Chief for the national headquarters personnel, subject to the endorsement by the NAPOLCOM and attestation by the Civil Service Commission.
• Patrolman/Patrolwoman to Police Executive Master Sergeant
135
is appointed/promoted by the PNP Chief as recommended by their immediate superiors, subject to the endorsement by the NAPOLCOM en banc and attestation by the Civil Service Commission.
• Police Lieutenant to Police Lieutenant Colonel
136
is appointed by the President upon recommendation of the PNP Chief and of the NAPOLCOM en banc, with proper endorsement by the Chairman of the Civil Service Commission
• Police Colonel to Police Lieutenant General
137
is appointed by the President from among the senior officers down to the rank of Police Brigadier General in the service, on recommendation or endorsement of the NAPOLCOM.
• Police General
138
is the premier educational institution for the training, human resource development, and continuing education of all personnel of the PNP and Fire and Jail Bureaus. (Sec 66 of RA 6975).
The PPSC is composed of the Secretary of DILG and the three (3) bureau heads (PNP, BFP, BJMP).
It shall consist of the Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA), Fire Service Training Center, the Philippine National Training Center (PNTC), the National Police College and other special training centers as may be created by the DILG.
Philippine Public Safety College (PPSC)
139
shall have custody and safekeeping of city and municipal prisoners, any fugitive of justice, or person detained awaiting investigation or trial and/or transfer to the national penitentiary, and/or violent mentally ill person who endangers himself or the safety of others, duly certified as such by the proper medical or health officer, pending the transfer to a medical institution.
The City or Municipal Jails
140
The _____ of the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) shall be the ex officio chairman of the National Police Commission. He shall be appointed by the President subject to confirmation of the Commission on Appointments.
Secretary
141
The term __ _____ means an accompanying office by virtue of a position. Others say it is “automatic.”
ex officio
142
is an act providing for the reform and reorganization of the Philippine National Police and for other purposes, amending certain provisions of RA 6975. This act is also known as the "Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998." It was approved on February 25, 1998
Republic Act 8551
143
refers to the collegial governing body composed of the Secretary of the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) as ex - officio Chairman and four (4) regular Commissioners and one (1) ex – officio Commissioner, as Members, which regularly meets en banc and decides through majority vote of all its members in all maters involving vital policy issues in the exercise of its administration and control functions over the Philippine National Police.
NAPOLCOM
