leadership and decision making Flashcards
What is leadership?
social influence process through which an individual intentionally exerts influence over other to structure the behaviours and relationships within a group or organisation.
what is great person theory
hogg and Vaughan (2018):certain characteristics acquired early in life may make for leadership.
Stogdill (1948): leaders taller & more intelligent
what research goes against great person theory
strodgill (1974) : correlation between traits and effective leadership low average r = .3
other then great person theory, what over trait theories can explain leadership
Big five : extraversion, openness, conscientiousness emerged as best predictors of effective leadership.
bad leadership : narcissism, psychopathy.
transformational leaders key components
- Bass (1985)
- idealised influence
- inspirational motivation
- intellectually stimulating
- ## individualised consideration
why are transformation leaders good leaders?
Shamir,House and Arthur (1993) : inspire their workforce, enable the workforce to pursue ‘greater good’, give groups task meaning and focus
Divr et al (2002): help followers identify more with group = social identity theory.
How else can be explain good leadership instead of just focusing on the traits?
leader behaviour theories
what study demonstrated different leadership styles
Lippitt and white (1943) : after school clubs, different leadership styles = autocratic (better when leader there, worse when leader absent), democratic (high performance there and not there) and Laissez- Faire.
what has been found to be the two main leadership styles
Relationship-oriented style (AKA consideration, employee-oriented, emotion-oriented, or socio-emotional)
Task-oriented (AKA initiating structure)
those with both dimension more likely to be selected as group leader
contingency theory
fiedler (1964, 1965)
Leadership quality depends on an interaction between the situation and the leadership style
what does fielder suggest about leadership styles and situations
Two types of leadership style
* Task oriented
* Relationship-oriented (socio-emotional)
do one of these suit the environment more then the other.
how is leadership style measured?
least prefer co-worker scale (LPC), leader assses subordinate whom they get on leas well with (high scores= relationship oriented style, low scores= task oriented style)
