Leadership Today

Question 1

Trait Approach to Leadership

Answer 1

• Common in 20th century with resurgence noted
• Leader-centered approach
• Major leadership traits
  
  1. Intelligence
  2. Self-confidence
  3. Determination
  4. Integrity
  5. Sociability
• Personality factors
  
  • neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness

Question 2

Skill Approach to Leadership

Answer 2

• Mid-20th century with new adaptations in 21st century
• Leader-centered approach
• Traits fixed but skills trainable
• Basic skills
  
  1. Technical
  2. Human
  3. Conceptual

Question 3

New Millennial Skills Approach

Answer 3

• Newly adapted skills
  
  1. Individual attributes
  2. Competencies
  3. Leadership outcomes
  4. Career experiences
  5. Environmental influences

Question 4

Style Approach to Leadership

Answer 4

• Focus on what leaders do rather than who leaders are
• Leader behaviors
  
  1. task behaviors
  2. Relationship behaviors
• Framing leadership vs. Defining leadership

Question 5

Situational Approach to Leadership

Answer 5

• Ken Blanchard initial researcher in the late 1960s
• Different situations demand different approached
  
  1. Directive dimension
  2. Supportive dimension
• The four leadership styles

Question 6

Supporting (S3)

Answer 6

High supportive and Low Directive Behavior

Question 7

Coaching (S2)

Answer 7

High Supportive and High Directive Behavior

Question 8

Delegating (S4)

Answer 8

Low Supportive and Low Directive Behavior

Question 9

Directing (S1)

Answer 9

Low Supportive and High Directive Behavior

Question 10

Contingency Leadership Theory

Answer 10

• Popular in the 1970s
• Styles and situations
• Least Preferred Coworker (LPC) assessment

Question 11

Path-Goal Leadership Theory

Answer 11

• Popular beginning in the 1970’s
• Motivating employees
  
  1. Competence
  2. Rewards
• Leader’s responsibility to help subordinates reach their goal
• Leadership styles
  
  1. Directive
  2. Supportive
  3. Participative
  4. Achievement-oriented

Question 12

Leader-Member Exchange Theory

Answer 12

• Late 1970’s until present
• Dyadic relationship
  
  1. Leader
  2. Follower
• In-group vs. Out-group

Question 13

Transformational Leadership

Answer 13

• “New Leadership” of the 1980’s
• Changes and transforms people
• Concerned with
  
  1. Emotions
  2. Values
  3. Goals
  4. Ethics
  5. Motives
  6. Needs
• Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ)

Question 14

Adaptive Leadership

Answer 14

• Flexibility
• Change with variable environment

Question 15

Global Leadership

Answer 15

• Broader focus
• Large number of constituencies

Question 16

Emotional Intelligence

Answer 16

• Self-awareness
• Self-regulation
• Motivation
• Empathy
• Social skills

Question 17

Authentic Leadership

Answer 17

• Authentic self
• Insight
• Initiative
• Influence
• Impact
• Integrity

Question 18

Diversity Leadership

Answer 18

• Commitment to diversity
• Refutes ethnocentrism
• cultural compentency

Question 19

Spirituality Leadership

Answer 19

• Ethics
• Values
• Relationships
• Work-life balance

Question 20

Resilient Leadership

Answer 20

• Self-care protocol
  
  1. Self-awareness
  2. Mindfulness
  3. Solitude
  4. Perspective taking
  5. Life balance