Leading Up to Civil War Flashcards
(24 cards)
Fort Sumpter
- Charleston, SC
- April 12th, 1861
- Lincoln resupplies troops to Sumpter, which is a direct act of war because it is in the south.
- War begins and Lincoln calls for army volunteers
- Lincoln wants war over as quickly as possible but it ends in 1865
Lincoln’s 3 Options for Dealing with the South
- Let them go (Shows weakness)
- Compromise with them (South refuses)
- Use Force (YES)
When did Abraham Lincoln take Office?
March 4th, 1861
Lincoln’s Opinions on Slavery?
Public - Keep it in the south.
Private - Get rid of it.
Presidential Candidates in 1861
- Lincoln (R)*
- Stephen Douglas (N D)
- John C. Breckinridge (S D)
- John Bell (Constitutional Union)
Secession -
- SC secedes in 1860
- Confederate States of America created by Feb 1861
- S States except for Virginia consider themselves separate from the US
- Jefferson Davis is the S president
- Richmond, VA is their capital City
What Happened at John Brown’s Raid?
- Harper’s Ferry, VA
- 1859
- Brown steals guns from arsenal and arms slaves, instructs them to kill white people.
- Robert E. Lee surrounds arsenal and demands Brown’s surrender. Gunfight ensues.
- 11 out of Brown’s 18 men were killed includes 2 of his sons.
- Brown is captured, put on trial, convicted, and executed.
What happened at the Proslavery Mob in Kansas?
- 1856
- Vandalism in Lawrence, Kansas
- John Brown retaliates by killing 5 men
What was Bleeding Kansas?
- 1856
- “Free Soilers” were opposed to slavery
- John Brown began his legacy of preaching that white slaveowners should all be killed.
What was the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act?
- Put together by Stephen Douglas
- Ignores Missouri Compromise
- Enforces popular sovereignty
What was the Rise of the “Know Nothings”?
- Anti-immigrants who thought of themselves (whites) as Natives only
- Didn’t know anything except for on the topic of immigration
What was the Compromise of 1850?
- Created by John C. Calhoun
- Ignored Missouri Compromis
- Admitted CA as a free state (N request)
- Abolished sale of slaves in WA D.C. but slaves can still be owned (N request)
- Passed Fugative Slave Law (S request)
California Gold Rush of 1849
- Term “Forty-Niners” stemmed from this
- suppliers of miners become richer than miners themselves
- Levi Strauss starts making pants
Similarities between N and S states?
- History of American Revolution
- Both believe in capitalism
- Both want democracy and for the people to hold power
- Both have prejudice and discrimination (opinion vs legal action)
What was the Dred Scott Decision?
- 1857
- Chief Justice Roger Taney ruled that Mr. And Mrs. Scott were not citizens of the US and could not ask for their freedom, like cattle
- Illinois was a free state for slaves, however.
- Slaves across the US lost hope and the idea that they “lacked legal standing” was widespread.
Lifestyle of N vs S
- N is ruder and faster paced.
- S is more refined and respectful towards women, slower paced.
Politics of N vs S
- N Republicans
- S Democrats
Technology of N vs S
- N has 70% of railroads and telegraphs
- S has 30% of railroads and telegraphs
- Northern and Southern trains can’t go on each other’s tracks
Population of N vs S
N has 2.5x more of the S population
Economics of N vs S
- N has factories and businesses and produces mostly food and products
- S has agriculture and farming and produces more tobacco, cotton, and chickens
“Uncle Tom’s Cabin”?
Written in 1852 by Harriet Beecher Stowe and quickly banned in the South because it defended slaves and told their story.
“Cannibals All”
Written in 1857 as a response to “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” and by George Fitzhugh in defense of slaveowners and projecting a bad image on slaves once again.
What happened during the War with Mexico
- Mexico declares war on U.S.
- War ends with 1848 Treaty
- Texas becomes a state
- “Remember the Alamo” (defeat)
Tariff of 1828
- Tax on imported goods
- Protects Northern products
- SC passes Nullification law and denies tariff
- Pres. Jackson forces SC with 50,000 troops
