Learning Flashcards
(35 cards)
whats the first phase of learning called?
the cognitive phase
what happens in the cognitive phase?
first phase of learning experienced by a beginner who tries to work out and understand what is reqired to perform a new skill
what is the second phase of learning called?
the associative phase
what happens in the 2nd phase of learning?
-practise phase
-learner comparees their current level of performance with a top-level player
-long periods of training
-info from feedback to correct errors
what kind of feedback will athlete use in 2nd phase of learning?
-athlete will build up a mental framework
-motor programmes are coded into the memory
-performers will use intrinsic feedback
-verbal and visual guidance could be used
whats the 3rd phase of learning called?
the autonomous phase
what happens in the 3rd phase?
-the movements are perfected to the point they are almost automatic
-athlete can focus on the finer details of the task
-completed with maximum efficiency
-phase for experts
What is verbal guidance?
Verbal feedback given by coach or teacher
Used to describe and explain hope to perform activity
Often used alongside visual guidance
What are some benefits of verbal guidance?
-reinforce good movements and identifies errors to be corrected
-can hind the attention of the performer and be used to motivate
What are the disadvantages of verbal guidance?
-can lead to information over load
-if guidance is inaccurate skills will be hindered
What is visual guidance?
Images or demonstrations are used to help learner
A coach should highlight key points
Reinforcing these key points is called cueing
Demo and image MUST be accurate
What is cueing?
Reinforcing the highlighted key points in visual guidance
What are the advantages of visual guidance?
-Easy to create a mental picture
-skills can be seen at different stages
-encourages observational learning
What are the disadvantages of visual guidance?
-incorrect demos lead to bad habits
-coach may not be able to demo accurately
A-visual representation may be unclear or too quick
What is manual/mechanical guidance?
-Involves physical by support by person or mechanical device
-E.G twisting belt in trampolining
-Being physically directed
-For a kinaesthetic feel
What are the advantages of mechanical guidance?
-Helps with confidence and sense of safety
-can be used to isolate skill actions
-E.g holding a float in the swimming pool to work on leg action
Disadvantages of mechanical guidance?
-can be over restrictive
-performer may feel they have a lack of control
-can lead to false kinaesthesis
Why are demos vital to athlete in cognitive stage of learning?
Because the learner is trying to create a mental picture of the skill
What are the four types of guidance?
Visual
Verbal
Manual
Mechanical
What are forms of visual guidance?
-Demonstration
-Playback of a video
-Observe from images or stills
Why is visual guidance better for less complex skills?
Because less info needs to be given
So easy to do through a video or photo or deni
Why is visual guidance bad for a learner?
Can be demotivating if it is a highly complex skill as they won’t be able to do it
What are the difficulties faced with verbal guidance?
Players must understand the terminology being used, remember and interpret the words into actions
Why can verbal guidance be good for learners?
Feedback is immediate
