Learning Flashcards
What is learning?
Enduring change to response based on experience
Reflex
Automatic response to environmental stimulus
Habituation
Is leasing of an effect to an environmental stimulus
Aristotles laws of association
How one thought becomes connected with another
Aristotles law of contiguity
Two events close in time together become connected
Aristotles law of similarity
Objects that resembles one another are likely to be associated
UCR UCS meanings
UCR: unconditioned response is a response to stimuli that is innate.
UCS: is stimuli that created a natural response it UCR eg. Food
Explain how a neutral stimulus can create a CR.
A neutral response can be paired with a UCR. Eg when food is presented you ring a bell (neutral) the CR or conditioned response is that when you hear the bell the react in the same way as your UCR to food
Explain stimulus generalisation
When something similar to a stimulus elicited the same response. Eg when someone with an overly critical parents responds negatively to all authority figures.
GSR
Galvanic skin response:
Measure of sweat on the skin to determine anxiety levels
Acquisition and extinction
Acquisition is the initial ‘learning’ of responses.
Extinction is weakening of a response by exposing a conditioned stories eg a bell without the unconditioned stimulus eg. Food.
If a bell is rung enough times without giving the dog food he will lose his associating between the bell and food
Forward simultaneous and backward conditioning
Whether the conditioned stimulus eg the bell is rung before, at the time or after the food is given
Blocking
When a stimulus is not paired with an UCS
Latent inhibition
When exposure to a CS with a UCS slows or stops an association happening. Eg if a new work colleague begins work by insulting his peers, it will take longer for that employee to condition others to like or trust him.
Latent learning
Learning that has occurred but is not currently shown in behaviour ( possibly because of a lack of reward)
