Learning Aim B.2 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal, smooth and cardiac
What is cardiac muscle?
the muscle that is only found in the heart
what rate does the cardiac muscle contract at?
steady to make a heartbeat.
Can it be contracted voluntarily?
NO
What is the smooth muscle?
it lines the walls of hollow organs.
What is an example of where the smooth muscle is found?
stomach, bladder and small intestine.
Is it under voluntary control?
no
What does peristalsis mean?
the involuntary contraction and relaxation of longitudinal and circular muscles throughout the digestive track.
What is the skeletal muscle?
It is attached to bones.
Can it be voluntarily contracted?
yes and it can be relaxed, however it may also be done involuntarily through reflex control.
How do they work?
through antagonistic pairs.
What is the order of the reflex arc?
stimulus, receptor, sensory neurone, relay neurone, motor neurone, effector, response.
What is a neurone?
a cell which carries information to and from the CNS (central nervous system) in the form of electrical impulses.
What is another word for electrical impulse?
action potential
What does the sensory neurone do?
carries action potential from the receptors to the CNS.
What features does a sensory neurone have?
one long dendron and a short axon
What is a relay neurone?
carries action potential between the sensory neurone and the motor neurone.
Where are the relay neurones found?
found within the CNS and have lots of dendrites.
What is a motor neurone?
carries action potential from the CNS to an effector.
What features does a motor neurone have?
Lots of small dendrites and one long axon.
What is a dendrite?
it connects the synaptic knob of the previous neuron (allows impulses to be received)
What is a dendron?
Long nerve fibre extension leading to the cell body.
What is the cell body?
contains the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and neurotransmitters.
what is an axon?
long nerve fibre, impulses are transferred (surrounded in plasma membrane)
