Learning and Development (10%) Flashcards

(41 cards)

1
Q

6 Basic Types of Training

A
  1. Orientation 2. Basic Skills 3. Updating 4. Teamwork 5. Compliance 6. On the job training
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2
Q

Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory

A

Motivation (Satisfaction Factors) - Encourage EE do challenging work and realize self potential
Hygiene (Dissatisfaction) - Encourage EE to work to avoid uncomfortable or unpleasant experiences

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3
Q

ADDIE

A

Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation

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4
Q

Formative Evaluation

A

Conducted throughout the ADDIE process to inform design and development include needs assessment, job analysis, pilot testing, and pre-testing

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5
Q

Summative Evaluations

A

Conducted on finished training programs to asses their overall effectiveness; include reaction evals, learning evals, behavior evlas and results

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6
Q

Kirkpatrick’s Method of Evaluating Training Programs

A

Reaction, learning, behavior, results

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7
Q

6 “I”s of Innovation

A

Inspiration, Imagination, Ideas, Insights, Invention, Implementation

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8
Q

4 Traditional Career Stages

A

Exploration, Establishment, Maintenance and Disengagement

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9
Q

5 Leadership Styles

A

Transformational, Transactional, Laissez-faire, Authoritative, Democratic

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10
Q

McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y

A

Theory X- Employees want to do as little as possible and are not interested in taking responsibility for their work
Theory Y - Interested in taking on interesting work and assuming responsibility for that work

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11
Q

Blake-Mouton Managerial Grid

A

X-axis measures an individual’s concern for production

Y-axis measures concern for other people

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12
Q

3 Stages of Change Process Theory

A

Unfreezing (change mindset), Moving (implementation), Refreezing (acceptance)

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13
Q

Organizational Development Intervention

A

Used to address a prob within an org (in regards to change).
Interventions: Strategic (vision or mission/Change management-individuals), Human Process (individual members of org interact/Management by objectives-manager goals), Techno-Structural Interventions (Change work performed/Job rotation)

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14
Q

Management by Objectives (MBO)

A

A perf appraisal system where EEs and their managers agree to specific goals at the beginning of the rating period and periodically evaluating perf against targets

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15
Q

MBO Process

A

Set Goals - Create Action Plan - Review Perf - Assess Perf and Reward Meeting Objectives

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16
Q

Six Sigma

A

An approach to quality mgmt characterized by the basic premise that all business processes can be measured and optimized (reduce manufacturing defects)
DMAIC - Define, measure, analyze, improve, control

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17
Q

Learning Organizations

A

An org that facilitates continual learning by its employees as part of a strategy that allows it to adapt quickly to changing business circumstances

18
Q

Senge’s 5 Disciplines that Characterize Learning Orgs

A

Personal Mastery (experts), Mental Models (perceived beliefs), Shared Vision (future goals), Team Learning, Systems Thinking (patterns)

19
Q

Pedagogy and Andragogy

A

Teaching children/adults

20
Q

5 Assumptions of Adult Learners

A

Self-concept, Adult Learner Experience, Readiness to Learn, Orientation to Learning, Motivation to Learn

21
Q

Bloom’s Taxonomy - 3 Learning Domains

A

Common language for educators

Cognitive, Affective, Phychomotor

22
Q

Cognitive Domain

A

Development of skills, knowledge, comprehension, critical thinking
1. Knowledge(remembering), 2. Comprehension (Understanding, 3. Application, 4. Analysis, 5. Evaluation,6. Synthesis (creating)

23
Q

Affective Domain

A

Development of emotional reactions and skills.

1. Receiving, 2. Responding, 3. Valuing, 4. Organizing, 5. Characterizing

24
Q

Psychomotor Domain

A

Development of student’s ability to function physically and manipulate instruments
1. Perception (guide to physical activity), 2. Set (readiness to act), 3. Guided responses (practice), 4. Complex overt responses (complex movement/pattern) 5. Origination (create new patterns)

25
3 Learning Styles
Auditory, Tactile (touching), Visual
26
4 Types of Performance Appraisal
Behavioral, Comparison, Rating, Narrative
27
3 Methods of Comparison Performance Appraisal
Ranking - EEs listed in order from best to worst Paired - Compared 1:1 Forced Distribution - Graded on bell-curve Factor Comparisons - Individual performance
28
3 Methods of Narrative Performance Appraisal
Critical Incident Review - Mgr records +/- incidents Essay Review - Essay describing perf during perid of time Field Review - Conducted not by mgr; HR or outsourced
29
Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (BARS)
rating scale that uses pre-established descriptions to rate performance and uses only observable behaviors instead of traits
30
Appraisal Process
- Reinforce good behavior - Provide constructive criticism - Restate and/or reset expectations - Satisfy the very human need everyone has to "know where I stand"
31
What to avoid during appraisals
- Surprises - Venting - Going through the motions
32
6 Evaluation Biases
- Halo Effect: Eval based on a single characteristic - Contrast Error: Eval compares all candidates or EEs to a single individual - Leniency: Evals may be reticent (not honest) and may be giving better evals than deserved - Recency: Gives weight to recent events - Numbers Fetish: Over quantifying
33
Performance management
1. Articulates the specific actions and behaviors that are necessary for achievement of its goals 2. Periodically performs a structured assessment of whether the people responsible for those actions and behaviors are functioning as desired 3. Takes the necessary steps to alter or sustain current actions and behaviors
34
4 Key Performance Evaluation Characteristics
Fairness, Honesty, Sensitivity, Vision
35
Elements of Performance Management Systems
Goals, Structure (rating scale, self-assessment, MBO, 360), Course Corrections, Self-Assessment
36
3 Ranking Methods
1. Simple Ranking Methods: EE list best to worst 2. Paired Comparison: Compared 1:1 3. Forced: Grouping EEs into predefined ratings
37
Rating Methods: Graphic Scale
Rates EEs according to a statement or question about a particular aspect of an EEs job perf
38
Rating Methods: Critical Incident Method
Relies on instances of especially good or poor perf on the part of the EE
39
Rating Methods: BARS Appraisal System
Represents a combination of the graphic rating scale and the critical incident method
40
Rating Methods: BOS Scale
Developed from critical incidents but uses substantially more incidents than a BARS to define specifically all the measures necessary for effective perf
41
Rating Methods: MBO System
Goals based system: Based largely on the extent to which inidivid meet their personal performance objectives