Learning and Memory

Question 1

What is the definition of learning?

Answer 1

Learning is the process of acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences.

Question 2

True or False: Memory is the ability to store and retrieve information.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The three stages of memory are ______, storage, and retrieval.

Answer 3

encoding

Question 4

What are the two main types of memory?

Answer 4

Short-term memory and long-term memory.

Question 5

What is the capacity of short-term memory?

Answer 5

Short-term memory typically holds 7±2 items.

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which process involves maintaining information in memory over time? A) Encoding B) Storage C) Retrieval

Answer 6

B) Storage

Question 7

What is the role of working memory?

Answer 7

Working memory is responsible for temporarily holding and manipulating information.

Question 8

True or False: Long-term memory has a limited capacity.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The method of ______ involves associating new information with existing memories.

Answer 9

elaboration

Question 10

What is the difference between explicit and implicit memory?

Answer 10

Explicit memory involves conscious recall of facts and events, while implicit memory is unconscious and includes skills and conditioned responses.

Question 11

Multiple Choice: Which type of memory is primarily responsible for recalling facts? A) Implicit B) Explicit C) Procedural

Answer 11

B) Explicit

Question 12

What is the process of retrieval in memory?

Answer 12

Retrieval is the process of accessing and bringing stored information into consciousness.

Question 13

True or False: Context can influence memory retrieval.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Fill in the blank: ______ is the phenomenon where information is forgotten over time.

Answer 14

Decay

Question 15

What is the spacing effect in learning?

Answer 15

The spacing effect is the phenomenon where information is better retained when learning sessions are spaced out over time.

Question 16

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a mnemonic device? A) Chunking B) Rehearsal C) Both A and B

Answer 16

C) Both A and B

Question 17

What is cognitive load theory?

Answer 17

Cognitive load theory suggests that learning is affected by the amount of information working memory can hold at one time.

Question 18

True or False: Stress can negatively impact memory formation.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Fill in the blank: ______ learning occurs when information is learned in a meaningful context.

Answer 19

Meaningful

Question 20

What is the role of the hippocampus in memory?

Answer 20

The hippocampus is critical for the formation of new explicit memories.

Question 21

Multiple Choice: Which type of conditioning is associated with Pavlov’s dogs? A) Classical B) Operant C) Observational

Answer 21

A) Classical

Question 22

What is the function of reinforcement in learning?

Answer 22

Reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.

Question 23

True or False: Observational learning requires direct experience.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Fill in the blank: ______ is a technique that involves repeating information to improve memory.

Answer 24

Rehearsal

Question 25

What is the serial position effect?

Answer 25

The serial position effect is the tendency to remember the first and last items in a list better than the middle items.