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Block 8 Week 3 Colt > Learning Disabilities, ADHD and Intellectual Disability - Crawford > Flashcards

Learning Disabilities, ADHD and Intellectual Disability - Crawford Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the neuropsych assessment process?

A
  1. review records
  2. 1.5 hr parent meeting
  3. 1 hr school observation
  4. 3x 2hr sessions
  5. 1.5 hr parent feedback
  6. written report with Tx rec’s.
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2
Q

What are the components of intelligence testing?

A

abstract thought, reasoning, problem solving, acquired knowledge, & communication skills

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3
Q

What are the common IQ scales?

A
  1. Wechsler Intelligence Scales (WAIS-V, WISC-V, WPPSI-IV)
  2. Differential Abilities Scale (DAS-II)
  3. Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (SB5)
  4. Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (KABC)
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4
Q

In the WISC-V IQ model, what are the 5 general testing areas?

A
  1. Verbal comp.
  2. Visual Spatial
  3. Fluid Reasoning
  4. Working memory
  5. process speed
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5
Q

In the WISC-V model, what are the 5 subtests for general ability?

A
  1. Similaries -verbal comp
  2. Vocab - verbal comp
  3. block design - visual spatial
  4. matrix reasoning - fluid reasoning
  5. figure weights
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6
Q

What are the two additional subtests included in the Full WISC-V IQ scale?

A
  1. Digit span - working memory

7. coding - processing speed

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7
Q

What is the Flynn effect?

A

kids will score higher on older tests with out of date norms

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8
Q

Highly discrepant index or subtest scores may make the (General ability/ Full Test) IQ invalid

A

full scale IQ

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9
Q

T/F: testing instruments must be normed for the client’s sociocultural background

A

true

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10
Q

(blank) disorders can affect performance (i.e., attention, language, motor, and sensory functioning)

A

neurodevelopmental

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11
Q

t/F: emotional state, personality, and physical state can affect IQ scores

A

true

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12
Q

T/F: the skill of the examiner can influence an IQ score

A

true

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13
Q

How are infant test scores related to intelligence at 5 years?

A

not related at all!

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14
Q

Are IQ scores from year 5 forward stable?

A

yes!

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15
Q

T/F: not only is IQ heritable, but it’s heritability increases with age

A

true

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16
Q

What is the range of accuracy of IQ scores from age 5 onward?

A

7 pts

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17
Q

Intelectual disability is an impairment in (blank) (aka social, practical, and conceptal) in comparison to their peers

A

adaptive functioning

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18
Q

What are the criteria for Dx of intelectual disability?

A

both clinical and standardized testing

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19
Q

Is it common for a client with intellectual disablity to have a multiple causes of their disability?

A

yup

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20
Q

what is the overall prevalence of intellectual disability?

A

1%

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21
Q

what is the IQ at which you may consider a Dx of ID?

A

below 70

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22
Q

What are the three criteria per the DSM5 that must be met to have ID?

A
  1. Deficits in intellectual function: IQ 2 std. dev. below mean and clinical assessment
  2. deficits in adaptive functioning (ADL, comm, social skills) IN MULTIPLE SETTINGS
  3. onset during developmental period
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23
Q

The level of severity of ID is defined by….

A

level of impairment of adaptive functioning

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24
Q

T/F: learning ability is related to intellectual ability

A

false

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25
What are the specific areas that are related to learning disorders?
reading, writing, and math
26
T/F: learning disorders have genetic and environmental factors
true
27
what are the lowest indices in kiddos with ID?
working memory and processing speed
28
the general ability index removes what factor compared to the full scale?
cognitive efficiency
29
(ID/LD) affects the brain’s ability to perceive or process verbal or non-verbal information efficiently and accurately.
learning disability
30
what is the the prevalence in all academic domains of learning disorders?
5-15%
31
are learning disabilities more common in males or females?
males: 2-3:1
32
T/F: learning disabilities commonly occur by themselves
false; co-occurs with other disorders
33
(LD/ID) is defined by the DSM5 by the following: one of the following symptoms that have persisted for at least 6 moths, despite the provision of interventions that target those difficulties: 1. Inaccurate or slow & effortful word reading 2. Difficulty understanding what is read 3.Difficulty with spelling 4.Difficulty with written expression 5.Difficulty with mastering number sense, number facts, calculations and/or mathematical reasoning
learning disability
34
LD begin during (blank) age, but may not manifest until later in life
school age
35
T/F:LD are not better acounted for by ID, bad vision/hearing, poor language understanding, or psychosocial adversity
true; basically your ability to learn is independent of anything else
36
T/F: group IQ testing via the computer is just as valid as individual testing
false; use just as a screening tool
37
A disorder in the basic physiological process of in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations is the (DSM/IDEIA) def of LD
IDEIA
38
IDEIA denotes LD when a child does not make grade level standards when using a process based on....
the child's response to research-based intervention (RTI) or child exhibits a pattern of strengths and weaknesses in performance, acheivement, or both
39
(Environmental/genetic) factors play a larger role in IQ early on in life
environmental
40
The primary goal of (blank) is Improve academic and behavioral outcomes for all students by eliminating discrepancies between actual and expected performance
RTI
41
RTI works first by (prevention/intervention)
prevention first, THEN increasingly intense intervention
42
what is the most common learning disorder?
dyslexia
43
what is the prevalence of dyslexia?
9%
44
dyslexia is associated with what other issue?
rote memory
45
T/F: dyslexics have problems with foreign languages
true
46
Describe the intervention process for dyslexic?
1. improvement of reading fluency (rate and accuracy) 2. guided oral and repetitive reading and speeding drills 3. sight word practice list 4. encourage reading for pleasure
47
What are the accommodations that should be made for someone with dyslexia?
``` Extended time testing Relaxed grading for spelling errors Not required to read out loud or write on board Assistive Technologies Foreign language waiver Use of spell checkers & calculators Help with tasks that require rote memorization Reduced course load ```
48
Dyscalculia is highly comorbid with other LDs as well as (blank)
ADHD
49
T/F: there is little research on effective Tx for dyscalculia
true
50
What other LDs can cause problems with math?
RD - math facts ADHD - poor att to detaill, poor math fluency NVLD - poor geometry and fractions Language - poor word problems
51
Deficits in executive function are seen most commonly in what disorder?
ADHD
52
What are the two domains of ADHD?
1. inattention | 2. hyperactivity
53
What are the things that make up the inattention portion of ADHD?
off task behavior, laking persistence, difficulty with sustaining focus, disorganized
54
What are the components of the hyperactivity portion of ADHD?
excessive motor activity, talkativeness, restlessness, acting without thinking, difficulty with delaying gratification
55
What are the three subtypes of ADHD?
Combined, Predominantly Inattentive, Predominantly Hyperactive/Impulsive
56
Symptoms of ADHD must be present before age (blank)
12
57
symptoms of ADHD must be present in (blank) or more settings
2
58
T/F: problems with attention have many medical and psychological etiologies
true
59
What is the superior method of Tx for ADHD?
treatment + meds or meds alone was faaaaaaar better than just CBT
60
What is the superior method of treating the other symptoms of ADHD (anxiety, academic performance, etc)
combo meds and CBT was far better THAN MEDS OR CBT ALONE
61
T/f: combo Tx requires lower doses of meds in ADHD
true
62
70-90% of children with ADHD show improvement on stimulant meds that have what MOA?
dopamine reuptake inhibitor
63
What is the NorEpi reuptake inhibitor that is non-stimulant for ADHD?
Strattera
64
Besides meds, what are the CBT components of ADHD intervention/
1. parent training 2. classroom interventions 2a. increase structure 2b. help with organization and time management 3. working memory training
65
washoe county prefers which treatment paradigm/
RTI
66
Tier 1 RTI includes 80% of students and is what?
normal classroom instruction
67
Tier 2 RTI includes 15% of students includes what type of instruction?
not special ed, just maybe a small group pull out for remedial math or spelling
68
Tier 3 RTI includes 5% of students and is what type of instructions?
special ed
69
What happens if a student "fails" out of Tier 3 RTI?
referral for assessment for an LD.
70
T/F: visual processing is the root cause of dyslexia
false
71
What is the root cause of dyslexia?
deficits in phonological processing aka diffs in hearing cat vs. cap then linking them to symbols
72
What is the most heritable childhood disorder?
autism
73
What is the second most heritable childhood disorder?
ADHD
74
T/F: ADHD is associated with prenatal exposure to toxins and drugs
yes, but its more common to see that the parent has ADHD too

Block 8 Week 3 Colt (5 decks)

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