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Block 8 Week 3 Colt > Learning Disabilities, ADHD and Intellectual Disability - Crawford > Flashcards

Learning Disabilities, ADHD and Intellectual Disability - Crawford Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the neuropsych assessment process?

A
  1. review records
  2. 1.5 hr parent meeting
  3. 1 hr school observation
  4. 3x 2hr sessions
  5. 1.5 hr parent feedback
  6. written report with Tx rec’s.
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2
Q

What are the components of intelligence testing?

A

abstract thought, reasoning, problem solving, acquired knowledge, & communication skills

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3
Q

What are the common IQ scales?

A
  1. Wechsler Intelligence Scales (WAIS-V, WISC-V, WPPSI-IV)
  2. Differential Abilities Scale (DAS-II)
  3. Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (SB5)
  4. Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (KABC)
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4
Q

In the WISC-V IQ model, what are the 5 general testing areas?

A
  1. Verbal comp.
  2. Visual Spatial
  3. Fluid Reasoning
  4. Working memory
  5. process speed
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5
Q

In the WISC-V model, what are the 5 subtests for general ability?

A
  1. Similaries -verbal comp
  2. Vocab - verbal comp
  3. block design - visual spatial
  4. matrix reasoning - fluid reasoning
  5. figure weights
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6
Q

What are the two additional subtests included in the Full WISC-V IQ scale?

A
  1. Digit span - working memory

7. coding - processing speed

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7
Q

What is the Flynn effect?

A

kids will score higher on older tests with out of date norms

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8
Q

Highly discrepant index or subtest scores may make the (General ability/ Full Test) IQ invalid

A

full scale IQ

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9
Q

T/F: testing instruments must be normed for the client’s sociocultural background

A

true

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10
Q

(blank) disorders can affect performance (i.e., attention, language, motor, and sensory functioning)

A

neurodevelopmental

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11
Q

t/F: emotional state, personality, and physical state can affect IQ scores

A

true

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12
Q

T/F: the skill of the examiner can influence an IQ score

A

true

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13
Q

How are infant test scores related to intelligence at 5 years?

A

not related at all!

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14
Q

Are IQ scores from year 5 forward stable?

A

yes!

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15
Q

T/F: not only is IQ heritable, but it’s heritability increases with age

A

true

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16
Q

What is the range of accuracy of IQ scores from age 5 onward?

A

7 pts

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17
Q

Intelectual disability is an impairment in (blank) (aka social, practical, and conceptal) in comparison to their peers

A

adaptive functioning

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18
Q

What are the criteria for Dx of intelectual disability?

A

both clinical and standardized testing

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19
Q

Is it common for a client with intellectual disablity to have a multiple causes of their disability?

A

yup

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20
Q

what is the overall prevalence of intellectual disability?

A

1%

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21
Q

what is the IQ at which you may consider a Dx of ID?

A

below 70

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22
Q

What are the three criteria per the DSM5 that must be met to have ID?

A
  1. Deficits in intellectual function: IQ 2 std. dev. below mean and clinical assessment
  2. deficits in adaptive functioning (ADL, comm, social skills) IN MULTIPLE SETTINGS
  3. onset during developmental period
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23
Q

The level of severity of ID is defined by….

A

level of impairment of adaptive functioning

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24
Q

T/F: learning ability is related to intellectual ability

A

false

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25
Q

What are the specific areas that are related to learning disorders?

A

reading, writing, and math

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26
Q

T/F: learning disorders have genetic and environmental factors

A

true

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27
Q

what are the lowest indices in kiddos with ID?

A

working memory and processing speed

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28
Q

the general ability index removes what factor compared to the full scale?

A

cognitive efficiency

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29
Q

(ID/LD) affects the brain’s ability to perceive or process verbal or non-verbal information efficiently and accurately.

A

learning disability

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30
Q

what is the the prevalence in all academic domains of learning disorders?

A

5-15%

31
Q

are learning disabilities more common in males or females?

A

males: 2-3:1

32
Q

T/F: learning disabilities commonly occur by themselves

A

false; co-occurs with other disorders

33
Q

(LD/ID) is defined by the DSM5 by the following:
one of the following symptoms that have persisted for at least 6 moths, despite the provision of interventions that target those difficulties:
1. Inaccurate or slow & effortful word reading
2. Difficulty understanding what is read
3.Difficulty with spelling
4.Difficulty with written expression
5.Difficulty with mastering number sense, number facts, calculations and/or mathematical reasoning

A

learning disability

34
Q

LD begin during (blank) age, but may not manifest until later in life

A

school age

35
Q

T/F:LD are not better acounted for by ID, bad vision/hearing, poor language understanding, or psychosocial adversity

A

true; basically your ability to learn is independent of anything else

36
Q

T/F: group IQ testing via the computer is just as valid as individual testing

A

false; use just as a screening tool

37
Q

A disorder in the basic physiological process of in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations is the (DSM/IDEIA) def of LD

A

IDEIA

38
Q

IDEIA denotes LD when a child does not make grade level standards when using a process based on….

A

the child’s response to research-based intervention (RTI)
or
child exhibits a pattern of strengths and weaknesses in performance, acheivement, or both

39
Q

(Environmental/genetic) factors play a larger role in IQ early on in life

A

environmental

40
Q

The primary goal of (blank) is Improve academic and behavioral outcomes for all students by eliminating discrepancies between actual and expected performance

A

RTI

41
Q

RTI works first by (prevention/intervention)

A

prevention first, THEN increasingly intense intervention

42
Q

what is the most common learning disorder?

A

dyslexia

43
Q

what is the prevalence of dyslexia?

A

9%

44
Q

dyslexia is associated with what other issue?

A

rote memory

45
Q

T/F: dyslexics have problems with foreign languages

A

true

46
Q

Describe the intervention process for dyslexic?

A
  1. improvement of reading fluency (rate and accuracy)
  2. guided oral and repetitive reading and speeding drills
  3. sight word practice list
  4. encourage reading for pleasure
47
Q

What are the accommodations that should be made for someone with dyslexia?

A 
Extended time testing
Relaxed grading for spelling errors
Not required to read out loud or write on board
Assistive Technologies
Foreign language waiver
Use of spell checkers & calculators
Help with tasks that require rote memorization
Reduced course load
48
Q

Dyscalculia is highly comorbid with other LDs as well as (blank)

A

ADHD

49
Q

T/F: there is little research on effective Tx for dyscalculia

A

true

50
Q

What other LDs can cause problems with math?

A

RD - math facts
ADHD - poor att to detaill, poor math fluency
NVLD - poor geometry and fractions
Language - poor word problems

51
Q

Deficits in executive function are seen most commonly in what disorder?

A

ADHD

52
Q

What are the two domains of ADHD?

A
  1. inattention

2. hyperactivity

53
Q

What are the things that make up the inattention portion of ADHD?

A

off task behavior, laking persistence, difficulty with sustaining focus, disorganized

54
Q

What are the components of the hyperactivity portion of ADHD?

A

excessive motor activity, talkativeness, restlessness, acting without thinking, difficulty with delaying gratification

55
Q

What are the three subtypes of ADHD?

A

Combined, Predominantly Inattentive, Predominantly Hyperactive/Impulsive

56
Q

Symptoms of ADHD must be present before age (blank)

A

12

57
Q

symptoms of ADHD must be present in (blank) or more settings

A

2

58
Q

T/F: problems with attention have many medical and psychological etiologies

A

true

59
Q

What is the superior method of Tx for ADHD?

A

treatment + meds or meds alone was faaaaaaar better than just CBT

60
Q

What is the superior method of treating the other symptoms of ADHD (anxiety, academic performance, etc)

A

combo meds and CBT was far better THAN MEDS OR CBT ALONE

61
Q

T/f: combo Tx requires lower doses of meds in ADHD

A

true

62
Q

70-90% of children with ADHD show improvement on stimulant meds that have what MOA?

A

dopamine reuptake inhibitor

63
Q

What is the NorEpi reuptake inhibitor that is non-stimulant for ADHD?

A

Strattera

64
Q

Besides meds, what are the CBT components of ADHD intervention/

A
  1. parent training
  2. classroom interventions
    2a. increase structure
    2b. help with organization and time management
  3. working memory training
65
Q

washoe county prefers which treatment paradigm/

A

RTI

66
Q

Tier 1 RTI includes 80% of students and is what?

A

normal classroom instruction

67
Q

Tier 2 RTI includes 15% of students includes what type of instruction?

A

not special ed, just maybe a small group pull out for remedial math or spelling

68
Q

Tier 3 RTI includes 5% of students and is what type of instructions?

A

special ed

69
Q

What happens if a student “fails” out of Tier 3 RTI?

A

referral for assessment for an LD.

70
Q

T/F: visual processing is the root cause of dyslexia

A

false

71
Q

What is the root cause of dyslexia?

A

deficits in phonological processing aka diffs in hearing cat vs. cap then linking them to symbols

72
Q

What is the most heritable childhood disorder?

A

autism

73
Q

What is the second most heritable childhood disorder?

A

ADHD

74
Q

T/F: ADHD is associated with prenatal exposure to toxins and drugs

A

yes, but its more common to see that the parent has ADHD too

Block 8 Week 3 Colt (5 decks)

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