Learning objective 1&2 ( Homeostasis and organic molecules) Flashcards
(47 cards)
Define Physiology
Physiology is the study of how the body functions
True or False organ systems are not in relationship with each other
False
The most basic thing in organisms is a(n)____ that with others of itself makes____ that when with others of itself makes an organ. When organs come together they form ____ that together form the organism
Atom, Molecules, Cell, Tissues, Organ systems
Define homeostasis
Homeostasis is the relative balance of the conditions of the extracellular fluid despite external disturbances
True or false, hormones are under homeostasis in the body
False, hormones are not under homeostasis
Homeostasis is controlled by three components the first is____ which senses the stimulant the sends that information through the____ pathway to the _____ center which sends out a command through the _____ pathway to the_____
Receptor, Afferent, Control, Efferent, Effector
Define negative feedback loop
Negative feedback loop is a feedback loop to which the end result counteracts the disturbance to homeostasis
Describe how organic molecules are broken down
Hydrolysis
Why are organic molecules important
They are important because they make up the building blocks to the human body
What’s difference between hydrolysis and dehydration
Hydrolysis is adding a water molecule to two monomers while dehydration is is taking a way a water molecule from two monomers to make them one
What is a carbohydrate and what are the different types
Carbohydrates are a quick energy source for the body and there are monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
What are the two main polysaccharides for this class
Starch which is from plants and glycogen which is from animals
What’s the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Saturated fats are molecularly linear fats that have single bonds all around while unsaturated fats have some double bonds between its carbon atoms
What is the main structure of Steroids
They are 4 hydrocarbon rings and they differ by the last one only having 5 carbons while the rest have 6 as well as they may have different molecules sticking to them
What monosaccharides make up maltose
Glucose and Glucose
What monosaccharides make up galactose and sucrose
Galactose is Glucose Galactose while Sucrose is Glucose and fructose
Describe negative feedback loop for Blood glucose
The pancreas senses that the glucose level in the blood is too high then releases insulin the pancreas senses the increase then releases insulin the liver senses this then stores glucose as glycogen. when blood sugar is too low pancreas senses it then sends glucagon to the liver then liver releases glucose into the blood
What’s the diffrence between triglycerides and phospholipids
Triglycerides have a glycerol head and three fatty acid chains while phospholipids have a glycerol head two fatty acid tails and a phosphate head that loves water.
What is diffrence between peroxisome and lysosome
Peroxisome detoxifies while the lysosome digests things in the cell
What makes lipids different from other organic molecules
They are insoluble or slightly soluble in polar solvents
What makes up a protein?
Amine group and an acid group
What makes proteins different from each other?
The third group of molecules on the carbon that isn’t the acid group or amine group
What is the function of the integumentary system
Protects insides from outside world and it synthesizes vitamin D
What is the function of the Skeletal system
Gives the body structure, protects and is the cite of new blood formation
