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SPCR104 > Learning Outcome 1 > Flashcards

Learning Outcome 1 Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

ARO

A

Antibiotic resistant organism

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2
Q

MRO

A

Multi-drug resistant organism

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3
Q

Asepsis

A

The absence of disease-causing microorganisms; infection free

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4
Q

Antiseptic

A

Slows down the processes of growth and reproduction but do not kill microbes

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5
Q

Bacteria

A

A type of microorganism that exists in our environment that can rapidly multiply, depending on type, may or may not cause disease. If does cause disease, may need to be treated with antibiotics

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6
Q

Barrier

A

A blockade placed between things; a process used to block the spread of microorganisms. For example, in the human body, the skin is a natural barrier to microorganisms

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7
Q

Carrier

A

A person or animal who has no signs of illness but who has microbes (germs) on or in the body which can be spread to others and make them ill with the disease

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8
Q

Chain of infection

A

The cycle of pathogen transmission

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9
Q

Clean technique

A

practices that reduce the number of pathogens and prevent their spread; also known as medical asepsis.

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10
Q

Communicable

A

Capable of being transferred from one person or place to another person or place; contagious

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11
Q

Contaminate

A

To be made unclean; unsterile; contain or be suspected of containing disease producing microbes

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12
Q

Contamination

A

Containing microbes; not clean

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13
Q

Cross-infection

A

Infection spread between individuals who are infected with different disease
producing microbes

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14
Q

Disinfectant

A

A chemical substance that kills microbes; used only for objects, not humans

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15
Q

Fungi

A

A type of microorganism that lives on plants and animals; yeasts and molds

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16
Q

Germ

A

Same as a microbe or microorganism

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17
Q

Germicide

A

A chemical substance or process that kills most microbes

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18
Q

Healthcare Associated Infection

A

An infection that you acquire while you are in a health care facility; HAI

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19
Q

Infection

A

The invasion of the body by a microbe that is capable of causing a disease when it reproduces and multiplies

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20
Q

Infection control

A

The use of procedures, techniques and actions to reduce the risk of spreading infections

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21
Q

Medical asepsis

A

Practices that reduce the number of pathogens and prevent their spread; clean technique

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22
Q

Means of transmission

A

The way an infection spreads

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23
Q

Microbe

A

Same as microorganism

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24
Q

Microorganism

A

A living matter (organism) too small (micro) to be seen except with a microscope; a tiny entity capable of carrying on life processes; various types exist in environment and may live in and on people

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25
Non-pathogenic
Microorganisms not capable of producing disease
26
Normal flora
Microorganisms found on or in the human body that either serve no purpose or are helpful and necessary for the body to function. In their normal state, normal flora do not cause disease
27
Organism
Any living matter
28
Pathogen
Disease-causing microorganisms
29
Parasites
A type of microbe that requires a host to provide food and protection
30
Precaution technique
Protocols used to prevent transmission of contagious infective agents (microorganisms which are spread by droplet, air, or contact)
31
Re-infection
Persons who have had an infection previously become infected again
32
Sterile
Free of all microbes, pathogenic and non-pathogenic
33
Surgical asepsis
Practices that keep equipment and supplies free of all microbes; sterile technique
34
Unsterile
Contains microbes
35
Virus
A microorganism that is smaller than bacteria and requires living cells to multiply; cannot live on their own and cannot be treated with antibiotics
36
Basics needs of microorganisms
Food, moisture, right temp, oxygen, and darkness
37
Direct contact
When a non-infected person comes in contact with an infected person
38
Indirect contact
Carried around the environment on things that have become contaminated
39
Air currents
Carry microbes through the environment
40
Dust particles
Some microbes cling to them
41
Droplets
Microbes that are released during ordinary speech
42
Vehicle
What microbes need to travel from one person to another
43
Animals and insects
Can carry disease-producing microbes on themselves
44
Vector
Transmission from the reservoir host to the susceptible host through another organism like an insect, bird, or animal
45
Portals of exit
The way the microbes leave the reservoir
46
Portal of entry
The way the microbes enter the body
47
Mode of transmission
The way the microbe travels from the portal of exit to the reservoir or host
48
Susceptible host
Those who have never been exposed to the pathogen or have no immunity to it
49
3 most common HAI’s
MRSA, VRE, C. Diff
50
MRSA stands for
Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
51
MRSA lives
On the skin - in wounds or sputum
52
MRSA affects
Heart, lungs, blood or bones
53
How to prevent MRSA
Hand washing, wearing gloves and gown. Wearing a mask if coughing
54
VRE stands for
Vancomycin resistant enterococcus
55
VRE is located in
The intestines and female genitalia
56
VRE affects
Urinary tract, blood and heart
57
VRE is spread
Through feces of infected person
58
VRE prevention
Contact precaution - gown, gloves, and hand washing
59
C-diff stands for
Clostridium difficile
60
C-diff signs
Diarrhea, cramps, anorexia, nausea, distinctive odour
61
C-diff is spread by
Contact
62
C-diff prevention
Wash hands with soap and water, gown and gloves
63
Standard precaution
Interventions used to decrease the risk of spread of microorganisms from person to person
64
7 standard precautions
Hand hygiene, wear gloves, wear PPE, avoid recapping used needles, clean blood spills, review room assignments, handle used patient care equipment that are soiled carefully
65
When do you hand wash? (5)
Before and after procedures, after touching bodily fluids, between clients, removing ppe
66
When do you wear gloves? (3)
In contact with blood and bodily fluids, you have an open area on hand, caring for a client on isolation precautions
67
When do you wear PPE? (2)
Performing tasks you may be exposed with bodily fluids, working with clients on isolation precautions
68
Recapping used needles
NEVER recap, place in disposable sharps
69
Cleaning blood spills
Wear gloves, discard in waste container, clean area with disinfectant, face shield or goggles
70
Review room assignments
Clients who may be infected should be in private rooms with ppe cart outside the room
71
Contamination
Occur when pathogens are spread from one surface to another
72
Natural protection from microorganisms
Intact skin, mucous membranes, and normal microbes
73
Preferred way to clean hands
Soap and water
74
When is hand washing required
Ungloved hands come in contact with bodily fluids, after peri-care, before and after interactions, after handling soiled items, after the bathroom, before and after you eat, before and after your shift
75
Who standard precautions are used on
Everybody
76
Additional measures are needed
When pathogen is known
77
Contact precautions
Gloves and gown
78
Droplet precautions
Mask, goggles, gown and gloves
79
Contact/droplet plus precautions
Gowns, gloves, goggles, and N95
80
Airborne precautions
Gowns, gloves, N95, and goggles
81
1. Wash Hands 2. Gown 3. Mask 4. Goggles and/or Face Shield 5. Gloves
Donning PPE
82
1. Gloves 2. Sanitize hands 3. Gown 4. Sanitize hands 5. Gloves on to take off Goggles/Face shield and disinfect 6. Mask off and gloves off 7. Wash hands
Doffing PPE
83
Crucial to preventing injury to ourselves and others
Safe body mechanics
84
Purpose of body mechanics
Provide safety, prevent muscle strain, maintain body alignment, and use your energy in the best way
85
Set, anchor, face, ensure
SAFE stands for
86
Neutral balance spine
When muscles of the back are in their normal position making them stronger
87
Where to keep the person or object?
Close to your body
88
The change of musculoskeletal strain or injury
Warm up exercises decrease
89
The change of musculoskeletal strain or injury
Warm up exercises decrease
90
Proper nutrition, physical activity and personal hygiene
What helps maintain intact skin?
91
Skin breakdown
Opening or break in the skin surface
92
How to check for a problem area
Push on the skin, if the blanches disappears its short-term redness
93
Decubitus ulcer
Localized damage to the skin or underlying tissue over a bony prominence as a result of pressure or pressure and friction
94
Pressure areas
Occur when there is a decreased blood supply to the skin cells
95
Friction
Mechanical force of two surfaces rubbing together
96
Back of head, shoulder blades, elbows, coccyx, sacrum and heels
Where would you check for redness for someone lying on their back
97
Ear, shoulder, elbow, hip, lateral calf, lateral ankle
Where would you check for redness for someone lying on their side
98
Shearing force
When the body slides down in bed or chair but the skin remains in contact with the surface causing damage or small blood vessels
99
Shearing force
When the body slides down in bed or chair but the skin remains in contact with the surface causing damage or small blood vessels
100
Factors that increase risk of skin breakdown
Immobility, age, reduced sensation, nutritional status, moisture, body weight, mechanical devices, altered mental functioning

SPCR104 (3 decks)

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