Learning Outcome 1 Flashcards
Identify the principal natural and human factors in the vineyard and winery that are involved in the production of still wines of the world, and explain how they can influence the style, quality and price of these wines (19 cards)
What are natural factors in the vineyard related to the vine itself?
Species (V. vinifera), varieties, clones, crossings, hybrids, green parts, one-year-old wood,
permanent wood
What are the 5 things a vine needs to survive?
Warmth, sunlight, water, nutrients, carbon dioxide
What is the vine growth cycle?
Dormancy, budburst, flowering, fruitset, véraison, ripening
Name the 6 components of a grape.
Water, sugar, acids, colour, tannin, flavours
What are the words that can be used to describe the climate in a vineyard?
Cool, moderate, warm, hot
Mediterranean, maritime, continental
How would you describe a Mediterranean climate?
Low temperature difference between hottest and coldest months but summers are warm and dry. Can be found throughout the Mediterranean as well as coastal California, Chile, South Africa, and Australia.
How would you describe a Maritime climate?
Cool to moderate temperatures and low annual difference between hottest and coldest months. Rainfall is evenly spread throughout the year.
How would you describe a Continental climate?
Greatest temperature difference between hottest and coldest months. Short, dry summers. Large, rapid temperature drop in autumn.
What are the natural factors that can influence the regional climate?
Latitude, altitude, oceans, large lakes, continentality, diurnal range
What are the factors that can influence the site climate?
Aspect, soil (heat, drainage), fog, bodies of water
What are the effects of a Mediterranean climate?
Extra warmth and sunlight leads to wines that are fuller bodied, with riper tannins, higher alcohol, and lower levels of acidity. Lower rainfall can have a positive effect on vine health (low risk for fungus) but can also lead to dought.
What are the effects of a maritime climate?
Temperatures are warm enough for grapes to continue ripening into autumn. Rainfall in spring and summer can be harmful to flowering, fruit set and health of the grapes at harvest.
Name the 5 distinct techniques used to manage the vine
Training (head, cordon), pruning (spur, replacement cane), trellised, untrellised
(canopy management), density, harvest (timing, manual, machine)
How do you manage frost in the vineyard?
Site selection, heaters, wind machines, sprinklers
How do you manage winter freezes in the vineyard?
Earthing up
How do you manage rain in the vineyard?
Harvest dates
How do you manage hail in the vineyard?
Nets, multiple sites
How do you manage water stress in the vineyard?
Irrigation: drip, sprinkler, flood
How do you manage sunburn in the vineyard?
Canopy management
