Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Resp Anatomy > Learning Outcomes > Flashcards

Learning Outcomes Flashcards

(57 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Intervertebral joint

A

Adjacent vertebral bodies joined by intervertebral discs
Symphysis (secondary cartilaginous joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Costovertebral joint

A

Joints with head of rib
Synovial plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Costotransverse

A

Articulation of tubercle of rib to transverse process of corresponding vertebra
Synovial plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sternocostal

A

Articulation of Costal cartilages to sternum (synovial plane) 2-7th ribs and manubrium (primary cartilaginous joint) 1rst rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sternoclavicular

A

Sternum (manubrium) and clavicle
Saddle joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Interchondral

A

Articulation between Costal cartilages of 6-9th ribs false ribs
Synovial plane joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Manubriosternal

A

Manubrium and body of sternum
Secondary cartilaginous symphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Xiphisternal

A

Xiphiod process and body of sternum
Primary cartilaginous joint synchondrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the normal movement of thorax during normal breathing

A

Movement of the thoracic cage during inspiration increases the intrathoracic diameter and volume of the thorax and decreases the intrathoracic pressure drawing air into the lungs
on expiration muscles relax decreaseing intrathoracic volume and increasing pressure expelling air also allows stressed elastic tissue to recoil.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Forceful breathing + muscles used

A

Transverse and anteroposterior diameter increases
External intercostal muscles and accessory muscles - sternocleidomastoid, scalene muscles + part of trapezius.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Organisation and function of intercostal muscles

A

Superficial layer = external intercostal, fibre bundle is oriented infertoanteriorly
Middle layer = internal intercostal, inferioposterioly
Inner layer = innermost intercostal inferioposterioly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Intercostal nerves and vessels

A

Nerovascular bundles along costal groove are organised in the order of Van another set at the upper part of rib called collateral branches.
The intercostal van’s lie between the internal and innermost intercostal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Arterial supply and venous drainage of thoracic wall

A

Arterial supply; posterior intercostal arteries branch of descending thoracic aorta 3-12
Anterior intercostal arteries arises from internal thoracic artery branch of the axillary artery (lateral part of subclavian artery)

Venous drainage; on left side you have hemi azygos vain above accessory azygos vain and on right azygos vain drain to SVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lymphatic drainage of thoracic wall

A

Right side of chest wall drained by right lymphatic duct to right subclavian vain
Left side drained by thoracic duct to left subclavian vain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lymphatic drainage of Breast

A

Majority by axillary lymph nodes
Parasternal lymph node
Abdominal lymph node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define dermatome

A

Area of the skin supplied by a single spinal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

T4 t10

A

T4 = nipple
T10= belly button

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Structure of diaphragm

A

3 peripheral attachments ziphiod process, costal cartilages of ribs 7-12, lumber vertebrae
Central attachment = central tendon

Parts of the diaphragm that Aries from vertebrae
Left crus L1-L2
Right crus L1-L3 surrounds opening of oesophagus to prevent gastric reflux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Function of diaphragm

A

Primary muscle of inspiration, it contacts and the dome flattens increasing thoracic volume on relaxation thoracic volume decreases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Diaphragm hiatuses openings

A

T8= caval opening for inferior vena cava and right phrenic nerve
T 10 = oesophageal hiatus for oesophagus and both vagus Nerves
T12= aortic hiatus for aorta azygos hemiazygos and thoracic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Phrenic nerve

A

Mixed nerve meaning it’s both sensory and moter. Originates from C3, C4 and mainly C5
Moter function = innervates the diaphragm from the inferior surface
Sensory function = supplies central part of diaphragm
Paralysis causes paradoxical movement
,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Contents of upper respiratory tract

A

Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Contents of lower respiratory tract

Study These Flashcards
A

Trachea, bronchi (primary, secondary and tertiary) bronchioles (terminal and respiratory) and alveoli

24
Q

What is the basic unit of gas exchange in the Lungs

Study These Flashcards
A

Pulmonary alveoli

25
Trachea
Starts at the lower part of The larynx c6 and bifurcated at the level of the sternal angle (t4) give rises to 2 main bronchi Carina triangle cartilage 15-20 c shaped hyaline cartilage for patency (open)
26
Right versus left primary bronchus
Right is more vertical short and wider
27
Tracheobronchial tree
Conducting and respiratory portion
28
' Conducting portion
1. Trachea 2. Main bronchus 3. Lobar bronchus 4. Segmental bronchus S. Conducting bronchiole 6. Terminal bronchiole
29
Respiratory portion
7. Respiratory bronchiole 8. Alveolar duct 9. Alveolar sac 10. Alveolus
30
Lobes of the lungs
Superior Inferior Middle (right lung only)
31
Function of lungs
Oxygenate blood
32
Fissures of right lung
Horizontal fissure oblique fissure
33
Fissure of left ling
Oblique fissure
34
Costal surface
Attached to ribs
35
Hila
Located on mediastinal surface area where lung root pass
36
Root
Bronchus, artery veins lymphatics nerves group of structures leaving or exiting the lung
37
Function of pulmonary vain
Carries oxygenated blood to the lungs
38
Pulmonary artery
Carries deoxygenated blood to lungs
39
Where does the apex of The lung start
Above rib 1
40
Blood supply of lung
Lung is supplied by bronchial arteries branches of thoracic aorta and posterior Intercostal artery.2 left I right.
41
Venous drainage of lung
Done by azygous + accessory semi azygois veins
42
Lymphatic drainage
Pulmonary lymph node → bronchopulmonary lymph node → tracheobronchial lymph node → broncho-mediastinal lymph node broncho mediastinal trunk. Left side drains thoraeu duct right side drains the right lymphatic duct.
43
Lymphatic drainage of the lung
The lymphatics of the lungs and visceral pleura drain into the bronchopulmonary lymph nodes (at the burifucation of larger bronchi at the lung hilla.→ tracheobronchial lymph nodes at the purification of the trachea into the main bronchi → drain unto thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct. Cancer mortises
44
Two types of lung circulation.
Pulmonary circulation & bronchial circulation
45
Describe pulmonary circulation
Carries deoxygenated blood away from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs via pulmonary artery And oxygenated blood to the left atrium and ventricle of the heart via pulmonary vain
46
Bronchial circulation
Supplies oxygenated blood and nutrition to the lung tissue and larger airways. Bronchial arteriesg 1 on right from 3rd right Posterior Intercostal artery and 2 on the left from the north. Enter lungs at the hilum along with pulmonary arteries
47
Nerve innovation of the lung
Supplied by Pulmonary plexus around hilum of lungs made of parasympathetic fibres from vagus nerve and sympathetic fibres from The T2 - T5 sympathetic nerves. Vagus nerve is motor to bronchial muscle cause broncoconstriction and secretomoter to mucus glands acting as a vasodilator Sympathetic = bronchodilator (used as medicine) motor to blood vessel smooth muscle
48
Blood circulation of the lungs and heart
Superior vena cava and inferior vena cava collect the oxygenated blood from the body, and it goes in the right ventricle, then to the pulmonary trunk, then to the pulmonary arteries into the language is oxygenated pulmonary veins, will bring the oxygenated blood back into the left atrium  then to the left ventricle, where is pumped to the rest of the body via the aorta
49
Two pleurae
Visceral intimately adheres to lung including fissures Parietal lines, pulmonary cavity adheres to thoracic wall, mediastinum, and diaphragm
50
What type of membrane is the pleura
Serous membrane double layer
51
Pleural sac
Contatains serous fluid allows movement of lung during inspiration and expiration
52
4 parts of Parietal plural
Cervical covers apex of the lung (apex goes over first rib) Costal covers internal surface of the thoracic wall Diaphragmatic covers superior surface of diaphragm Mediastinal pleura coveralls, lateral aspect of mediastinum
53
Nerve supply of pleurae
Parietal pleura is innovated by somatic nerve phrenic and intercoastal nerve and is sensitive to pain Visceral pleura autonomic nerves no pain sensitivity
54
2 plural recesses
Costomediastinal costodiaphragmatic Odema can happen here as there is space for fluid to build up Also allows for expansion of lung Thorathentisis needle inside and into the middle exit the line to extract fluid or puss
55
Surface anatomy of the pleura
Inferior margin of the lung (6,8,10) Midclavicular six Medaxillary eight Paravertebral 10 Inferior margin of the parietal pleura (8,10,12) Two Intercostal space difference. Midclavicular, eight Mid maxillary ten Para vertebral 12
56
Surface anatomy of fissures
Horizontal fissure on the right lung follows from the fourth rib anteriorly oblique Fissure on both lungs starts at T2/T3 and follows the six rib
57
Muscle that completes the trachea posteriorly
Trachealis

Resp Anatomy (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions