Learning sounds 23

Question 1

True or false, some aspects of language appear to be universal

Answer 1

true

Question 2

What are the key components in L2 acquisition missing in L1

Answer 2

memorization, imitation, correction

Question 3

does correcting help children in talking

Answer 3

no

Question 4

true or false. different languages exhibit different properties

Answer 4

true

Question 5

At birth children recognize human voices to other sounds

Answer 5

true

Question 6

Babies show a preference for the voice of their parents over other people. T Or F

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Do babies perceive difference between pʰ and p

Answer 7

Yes they perceive acoustic contrasts

Question 8

at what age will children’s perception become attuned to phonological contrasts

Answer 8

8 months

Question 9

when is the babbling stage

Answer 9

6 to 12 months

Question 10

Why do children babble

Answer 10

to develop control of their articulators.

Question 11

is babbling language dependent

Answer 11

no. similar cross-linguisticly

Question 12

babies prefer marked structures over unmarked structures. T OR F

Answer 12

false. Babies devoid of marked structures.

Question 13

What is the prefered stuctures for babies

Answer 13

cvcv - KAKA

They also prefer common phonemes.

Question 14

what are articulated first, vowels or consonants

Answer 14

vowels.

Question 15

what are the first consonants acquired

Answer 15

stops

(p,t,k,?,b,d,g)

Question 16

what is the order of consonants position

Answer 16

labials, alveolar, velar, alveopalatal

Question 17

which is acquired first, onset or coda

Answer 17

onset

Question 18

look at typical consonants of a 2y old

Question 19

true or false, if a child cant produce a sound, it cant understand the difference

Answer 19

production ability lag behind perception ability. Fish,fis

Question 20

what does immature productions of particular words reflect

Answer 20

it reflect its inability to produce certain sounds/phonological structures.

Question 21

similar to phonological processes observed in adult grammar

Answer 21

things that are difficult for adults to produce are also hard for children. so there’s patterns.

Question 22

we view production of infants as still ungrammatical when referring to

Answer 22

adult grammar. its also ungrammatical from the kids perspective too (fish, fis)

Question 23

what are the early phonetic processes

Answer 23

syllable deletion
syllable simplification
substitution
Assimilation

Question 24

what is syllable deletion

Answer 24

delete the unstressed syllable. kanga’roo. kanga is unstressed, roo is stressed so it’s roo.

Question 25

what is syllable simplification

Answer 25

also known as consonant cluster simplification. CV is best syllable shape. complex coda/onset are avoided. MORE SONORANT ELEMENT IS DELETED. Try = ty (complex onset) Sleep =sip (more sonorous removed) Boot = bu (coda disprefered)

Question 26

what is substitution

Answer 26

processes affecting properties of segments (or ‘features’) rather than individual segments **stopping**: obstruents -> stops sea -> ti **fronting: consonant** -? alveolar go-> dow **gliding**: liquid ->glide story-> stowy **denasalisation**: consonant -> oral room->rub

Question 27

what is fronting

Answer 27

consonant -> alveolar (t,d,n,l,r,s,z) dow for go

Question 28

what is gliding

Answer 28

liquid (r,l) -> glide (w,j) stowi - story

Question 29

what is denasalization

Answer 29

n,m consonant -> oral rub for room

Question 30

what is Assimilation

Answer 30

cross-linguistically common in children speech when you one thing becomes similar to the thing next to it. long distance place assimilation: felf for self

Question 31

in assimilation what is more common voiced obstruent or voiceless

Answer 31

voiced because of the assimilation in voicing to the following vowel. zoup for soup