Lec 1 Part 1

Question 1

Parasitology

Answer 1

The study of parasites, their host, and the relationship between them.

Question 2

Tropical medicine

Answer 2

A branch of medicine that deals with tropical diseases and other problems in tropical regions.

Question 3

Parasitology

Answer 3

Area of biology concerned with the phenomenon of dependence of one living organism to another.

Question 4

Medical parasitology

Answer 4

Concerns with parasites in humans and their medical significance

Question 5

Veterinary parasitology

Answer 5

Study of parasites in animals.

Question 6

Structural Parasitology

Answer 6

Study of the structure and physical forms of parasitic proteins

Question 7

A field in parasitology that includes protein expression, protein purification, and crystallography

Answer 7

Structural Parasitology

Question 8

Quantitative parasitology

Answer 8

Compares the measures of infection in the sample of the host

Question 9

Ecology

Answer 9

The interaction between the environment and the host

Question 10

It is the growth of the parasite. From immature to mature/infectious stage

Answer 10

Life cycle

Question 11

The study of conservation of parasites

Answer 11

Conservation biology of parasites

Question 12

Taxonomy and Phylogenetics

Answer 12

The classification, identification, and naming of parasites

Question 13

Symbiosis

Answer 13

The close interaction of 2 organisms. The state of living together.

Question 14

2 types of symbiotic relationship

Answer 14

Phoresis & Commensalism

Question 15

Phoresis

Answer 15

An organism (phoront) is carried by the host without harming the host.

Question 16

Commensalism

Answer 16

One member benefits, while the other is neither harmed nor benefits.

Question 17

A specialized type of commensalism wherein both organisms benefit from one another. They need each other to survive.

Answer 17

Mutualism

Question 18

Parasitism

Answer 18

One organism benefits from the host while harming the host

Question 19

An organism that lives on or in the host

Answer 19

Parasite

Question 20

Types of parasites according to metabolic dependency.

Answer 20

Obligate / strict parasite
Facultative parasite

Question 21

A facultative parasite that invades and colonizes the host’s brain and other tissues

Answer 21

Amphizoic

Question 22

Spurios

Answer 22

The parasite merely passes into the body and comes out

Question 23

Definitive / Final host

Answer 23

• sexually multiplies
• releases infectious forms

Question 24

Intermediate host

Answer 24

• may multiply asexually
• undergoes developmental stage

Question 25

Reservoir host

Answer 25

- parasite lives and multiplies **without harming the host**

Question 26

Paratenic / Dormant host

Answer 26

- Parasite does not develop further - remains alive and infects another host

Question 27

Exposure

Answer 27

The process of **inoculating** an infective agent to an organism

Question 28

Infection

Answer 28

- Establishment of infective agent

Question 29

Infestation

Answer 29

Presence of **ectoparasite**

Question 30

Pathogen

Answer 30

Organism that causes harm to host

Question 31

Carrier

Answer 31

Harbors the pathogen but asymptotic.

Question 32

Incubation (**clinical** incubation period)

Answer 32

Period between infection and evidence of **symptoms**

Question 33

Pre-patent (**biological** incubation period)

Answer 33

Period between the infection and evidence of **infection**

Question 34

2 common parasites that causes AUTO INFECTION or SUPER INFECTION

Answer 34

- Capillaria philipinensis - Strongyloides stercoralis

Question 35

Source of exposure to infection: Contaminated soil & water

Answer 35

Ascaris lumbricoides, Hookworms

Question 36

Source of exposure to infection: Food containing parasite

Answer 36

Cestodes, trematodes

Question 37

Source of exposure to infection: Blood sucking vectors

Answer 37

Plasmodium spp, Filarial worms

Question 38

Source of exposure to infection: Domestic or wild animals

Answer 38

Taxoplasma spp, Hymenolepis nana

Question 39

Source of exposure to infection: Fomites

Answer 39

Entamoeba histolyctica

Question 40

Source of exposure to infection: Oneself

Answer 40

- enterobius vermicularis - capillaria philipinensis - Strongyloides stercoralis - Hymenolepis nana

Question 41

Source of exposure to infection: Sexual intercourse

Answer 41

Giardia lamblia, trichomonas vaginalis

Question 42

Prevalence

Answer 42

Number of individuals of a population estimated to be infected with a **particular parasite species** at a *given time*

Question 43

Cumulative Prevalence

Answer 43

Percentage of individuals in a population infected with **at least one parasite**

Question 44

Intensity of infection

Answer 44

Refers to the number of worms in each individual. AKA Worm burden

Question 45

Morbidity

Answer 45

Rate of incidence of a disease

Question 46

Endemic

Answer 46

Moderate and steady level of disease

Question 47

Hyperendemic

Answer 47

Prevalence of disease is high

Question 48

Epidemic

Answer 48

Sharp rise of incidence. Outbreak.

Question 49

Sporadic

Answer 49

Disease appears sporadically/occasionally in places the infection is **not commonly observed**

Question 50

Endemicity

Answer 50

Sudden development of **enhanced pathogenicity**

Question 51

Epizoology

Answer 51

Knowledge of the frequency of disease in animal communities

Question 52

Enzootic

Answer 52

It is Prevalent among animals in a *specific geographical area* Constantly present in a location

Question 53

Epizootic

Answer 53

Affecting animals of *one kind* at the same time

Question 54

Parazootic

Answer 54

Affecting animals from *many species*

Question 55

The order of the classification of organism: (7)

Answer 55

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genera / Genus Species