Lec

Question 1

Which is not a pyrimidine base?

a. cytosine
b. thymine
c. uracil
d. guanine

Answer 1

d. guanine

Question 2

Where do Z-DNA mostly present?

a. In DNA- RNA hybrids
b. Chromosomal DNA
c. In a sequence of alternating purines
d. RNA- RNA double-stranded regions

Answer 2

c. In a sequence of alternating purines

Question 3

This is a type of topoisomerase where it cut the phosphodiester backbone of one strand of DNA, passes the other end through, and then reseals the backbone

Answer 3

Class 1 topoisomerase

Question 4

Which of the following is true about DNA replication?

a. Manufacturing new DNA strands are orchestrated by ligases.
b. The steps of replication in prokaryotic organisms are different from those of eukaryotic organisms
c. The leading strand is synthesized in the 2’ to ‘direction.
d. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes begin in DNA strands with a small primer of RNA

Answer 4

d. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes begin in DNA strands with a small primer of RNA.

Question 5

It is a type of nucleic acid made up of one of the four heterocyclic bases, adenine, cytosine, guanine, or thymine.

Answer 5

DNA

Question 6

It consist of DNA wrapped around a histone core.

Answer 6

Nucleosome

Question 7

This antibiotic can bind to the bacterial ribosome subunit, blocking the exit of growing peptide chain.

Answer 7

Erythromycin

Question 8

It is the biochemical process by which DNA molecules produce exact duplicates of themselves

Answer 8

DNA Replication

Question 9

This is unbranched polymer containing the monomer units called nucleotides.

Answer 9

Nucleic Acids

Question 10

Which of the following DOES NOT belong to the
group?

a. Mitochondrial matrix
b. Inner membrane
c. Cristae
d. Cell wall

Answer 10

d. Cell wall

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct pair?

a. FAD – Flavin Adenosine Dinucleotide
b. ATP – Adenine Triphosphate
c. NAD – Nicotine Adenine Dinucleotide
d. CoA – Coenzyme A

Answer 11

c. NAD – Nicotine Adenine Dinucleotide

Question 12

(1) – Acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate condense to form citryl CoA
(2) The enzyme involved in both reactions within this step is citrate dehydrogenase
(3) Second part of the reaction requires dehydrogenation of a thioester bond
(4) Products of this step are citrate, CoA-SH, and H+

Which of the following is/are true?

Answer 12

1 and 4

Question 13

(1) – Acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate condense to form citryl CoA
(2) The enzyme involved in both reactions within this step is citrate dehydrogenase
(3) Second part of the reaction requires dehydrogenation of a thioester bond
(4) Products of this step are citrate, CoA-SH, and H+

Which of the following is/are not true?

Answer 13

2 and 3

Question 14

This is a series of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen ions from NADH and FADH2 are passed to intermediate carriers and then ultimately react with molecular oxygen to produce water

Answer 14

Electron Transport Chain

Question 15

Which of the following is not a product of b-oxidation of fatty acids?

a. Acetyl CoA
b. Acyl CoA
c. NADH
d. FAD

Answer 15

d. FAD

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT true about the electron transport chain?

a. Water is formed as a product of the transfer of electrons and hydronium ions.
b. The enzymes and electron carriers required for ETC are located along the inner mitochondrial membrane.
c. Complex IV is the largest protein complex that carries electrons in the electron transport chain.
d. CoQ shuttles the electrons from Complex I and II to Complex III

Answer 16

c. Complex IV is the largest protein complex that carries electrons in the electron transport chain.

Question 17

Which complex protein utilizes FADH2 generated from the conversion of succinate to fumarate in the citric acid cycle?

Answer 17

Complex II

Question 18

What biochemical process synthesizes ATP from ADP as a result of electrons and hydrogen ions from NADH or FADH2?

Answer 18

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 19

Which of the following statement is TRUE on the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in our body?

a. Gastric juice does not affect digestion
b. Hydrolysis of polysaccharides happens in the stomach
c. Complete hydrolysis of glycosidic linkages occur in the mouth
d. Hydrolysis of polysaccharides occurs in the intestinal lining

Answer 19

a. Gastric juice does not affect digestion

Question 20

During oxidation and phosphorylation using inorganic phosphate in glycolysis, what enzyme helps catalyze Fructose 1,6 biphosphate into DHAP and G3P?

Answer 20

Aldolase

Question 21

The breakdown of triglycerides by lipases is under
hormonal control of the following except______

a. Epinephrine
b. Progesterone
c. Insulin
d. Glucagon

Answer 21

b. Progesterone

Question 22

In the isomerization of 3-phosphoglycerate form 2-phosphoglycerate, what carbons are involved in the migration of the phosphate group?

Answer 22

From C3 to C2

Question 23

Which of the cell does glycolysis occur?

Answer 23

Cytosol

Question 24

Which of the is not a product of b-oxidation of fatty acids?

a. Acetyl CoA
b. Acyl CoA
c. NADH
d. FAD

Answer 24

d. FAD

Question 25

The primary site for carbohydrate is located in the small intestine. In this phase of carbohydrate digestion, the enzyme a-amylase aids digestion again. What organ does a-amylase enzyme come from?

Answer 25

Pancreas

Question 26

In the first step of six carbon stage of glycolysis, phosphorylation of glucose occurs to lead glucose 6 phosphate with the help of what enzyme?

Answer 26

Hexokinase

Question 27

What is the end-product of glycolysis in aerobic conditions?

Answer 27

Acetyl CoA

Question 28

This is a biochemical process by which NADH is oxidized to NAD+ without the need for oxygen

Answer 28

Fermentation

Question 29

This is a metabolic pathway in which glycogen is synthesized from glucose 6-phosphate

Answer 29

Glycogenesis

Question 30

On the first step of glycogenesis, the formation of glucose 1-phosphate from glucose 1-phosphate from glucose 6-phosphate is catalyzed by an enzyme called phosphoglucomutase. The complete conversion from 6-phosphate to 1-phosphate is a process called _____.

Answer 30

Isomerization

Question 31

In the oxidative stage of the pentose phosphate pathway, how many NADPH molecules are produced per molecule of glucose 6-phosphate?

Answer 31

2

Question 32

During glycogenesis, in the formation of UDP-glucose (uridine diphosphate glucose), glucose 1-phosphate must be activated before it can be added to growing chains of glycogen. For this to be possible, a high-energy activator must be added. What is this activator compound?

Answer 32

Uridine triphosphate

Question 33

What are the products of the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol (TAG)?

Answer 33

1 monoacylglycerol and 2 fatty acids

Question 34

Which of the following describes the first step of triacylglycerol mobilization? a. Phosphorylation of a primary hydroxyl group of the glycerol b. Oxidation of the secondary group of glycerol c. Activation of fatty acid by forming a bond with a coenzyme A d. Transport of fatty acid

Answer 34

a. Phosphorylation of a primary hydroxyl group of the glycerol

Question 35

The pyruvate is formed in the cytosol after glycolysis, it then crosses two mitochondrial membranes and enters which part of the mitochondria where the oxidation occurs.

Answer 35

Matrix

Question 36

Which of the following information about digestion and absorption of protein is NOT true? a. Protein digestion starts in the mouth b. Active transport of amino acids occurs in the intestinal lining c. Denaturation of protein is due to HCl in the stomach d. Carboxypeptides hydrolyzes peptide bonds in the small intestine

Answer 36

a. Protein digestion starts in the mouth

Question 37

What fuel the urea cycle

Answer 37

Carbamoyl phosphate and aspartate

Question 38

This is the state that results when the amount of nitrogen taken into the human body as protein equals the amount of nitrogen excreted from the body in waste materials.

Answer 38

Nitrogen balance

Question 39

This is a condition that occurs when there is excess bilirubin in the blood.

Answer 39

jaundice

Question 40

What is the secondary fuel in the urea cycle?

Answer 40

Aspartate

Question 41

It is a group of conditions in which a defect in tyrosine metabolism results in the deficiency in the production of melanin

Answer 41

Albinism

Question 42

This is caused by a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase, is the most common clinically encountered inborn error of amino acid metabolism

Answer 42

Phenylketonuria

Question 43

These are highly specialized cells whose primary function is deliver oxygen to and remove carbon dioxide from body tissues

Answer 43

Red blood cells