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Resto 2 > Lec 3 Bonding, Etching, Primer > Flashcards

Lec 3 Bonding, Etching, Primer Flashcards

1
Q

The process of attaching restorative materials, such as a bonded amalgam or a bonded composite resin, to the tooth by adhesion.

A

Bonding

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2
Q

The first step in the bonding process involves ___________ of the surface of the tooth or the ____________ to receive the material that will be bonded to it.

A

preparation; restoration

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3
Q

Conditioning the enamel or dentin with an acid.

A

Etching

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4
Q

Most commonly used acid is ____________ in concentrations ranging from ___________.

A
  • phosphoric acid
  • 10% to 38%
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5
Q

Removes mineral from the surface to create roughness.

A

Acid

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6
Q

Are usually applied with a brush, a small cotton pellet, or a small sponge.

A

Liquid etchants

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7
Q

Are usually applied by brush or dispensed from a syringe through a fine needle or brush tip.

A

Gel etchants

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8
Q
  • The recommended rinsing time for acid gels is approximately _________ or longer.
  • Rinsing times _____________ may not remove residual silica.
A
  • 10 seconds
  • shorten than 5 seconds
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9
Q

Rinsing times for liquid etchants can be shorter— ______ seconds.

A

5 to 10 seconds.

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10
Q

Surface Wetting
- ______________ creates a high surface energy.
- ____________ attracts contaminants and resin to the etched surface.
- Surface must be _________ if saliva contamination occurs.
- ___________ increases contact of the bonding resin with etched tooth structure.

A
  • Acid etching
  • High surface energy
  • re-etched
  • Good wetting
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11
Q

Enamel etching was introduced by?

A

Dr. Michael Buonocore (1950s)

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12
Q

Affects the prism core or prism periphery or both.

A

Enamel etching

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13
Q

Acid Solution affect the prismatic structure of the enamel by preferential removal of either? (3)

A
  • prism core
  • prism periphery
  • both
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14
Q

An etched enamel surface as seen in this scanning electron micrograph has numerous ___________ that provide __________ and greatly increase the ___________ for bonding.

A

peaks and valleys
retention
surface area

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15
Q

Etching pattern characterized by removal of prism core.

A

Type I

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16
Q

Etching pattern showing loss of prism periphery.

A

Type II

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17
Q

“honeycomb” appearance

A

Type I etching pattern

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18
Q

Enamel rods etched, creating numerous _____________.

A

microundercuts

19
Q

Resin bonding agent engaging microundercuts, creating ___________ for mechanical bond to tooth.

A

“resin tags”

20
Q

Etching Times:
- Enamel of permanent teeth is etched for ___________.
- The etched surface should have a __________ when dried.
- Primary teeth should be etched for __________ or more.

A
  • 20-30 seconds
  • frosty appearance
  • 60 seconds
21
Q

When a cavity preparation is cut with rotary or hand instruments, this layer of cutting debris forms on the surface of the cut dentin and enamel.

A

Smear layer

22
Q

Dentin etching:
- Etching dentin with phosphoric acid dissolves the _________ first, then portions of the _____________ from the surface of the dentin, creating a _________ surface and exposing _____________ that are part of the dentin matrix.
- Dentin is etched for ______________.
- When one is etching both enamel and dentin as in a coronal cavity preparation, it is best to apply the acid to the _________ first for 10 seconds, then to the ________ for 10 seconds.
- _____________ dentin can result in a weaker bond and in posttreatment sensitivity.

A
  • smear layer; hydroxyapatite crystals; porous surface; collagen fibrils
  • 10 seconds
  • enamel; dentin
  • Over-etching
23
Q

Removes some of the mineral exposing the collagen fibers of the matrix, as seen in this scanning electron micrograph.

A

Acid etching of the dentin

24
Q

3 types of etching technique?

A
  1. self-etch
  2. selective etch
  3. total etch
25
Q

This etching technique generates weak bond and virtually no sensitivity.

A

Self etch

26
Q

This etching technique generates strong bond and virtually no sensitivity.

A

Selective etch

27
Q

This etching technique generates sensitivity and strong bond.

A

Total etch

28
Q

Are primers hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

A

Hydrophilic

29
Q

Contains a volatile solutions to thin the organic chemicals and improves the wetting of the etched surface.

A

Primers

30
Q

Example of volatile solutions included in primers.

A

Acetone

31
Q

Primer flows into:
- ____________ of etched enamel
- ____________ and around ___________ of etched dentin

A
  • surface irregularities
  • open tubules
  • collagen fibers
32
Q

Primers do not set on their own, sets when __________ is applied.

A

adhesive

33
Q

These are low-viscosity resins that flow well into the microscopic porosities and irregularities of the etched surfaces.

A

Enamel bonding agents

34
Q

Bonding to enamel alone requires only a _____ viscosity liquid resin monomer that will penetrate into the spaces on and between __________ created by acid etching.

A
  • low viscosity
  • enamel rods
35
Q

A __________ surface attracts the atoms in the resin bonding agent to improve penetration into the porous, etched enamel.

A

high-energy

36
Q

When the resin is cured by a chemical process or by light activation, it locks into the ____________ and ___________, producing _________ that can be __________ long.

A
  • microscopic spaces
  • irregularities
  • resin tags
  • 10 to 50 µm
37
Q

2 components of dentin bonding agents?

A

resin primer
adhesive resin

38
Q

Penetrates etched dentin and enamel and lays down a resin layer.

A

Resin primer

39
Q

Applied over the primer and the two resins chemically bond to each other.

A

Adhesive resin

40
Q

2 classifications of bonding agents?

A
  • two-step bonding system
  • one-step / self-etching system
41
Q

The primer and the adhesive have been combined,

A

Two-step bonding system

42
Q

Etches, primes and bonds (has adhesives) the tooth structure all at once.

A

One-step / self-etching system

43
Q

Which generation/s is/are no longer in use?

A

1st and 2nd generation

Resto 2 (13 decks)

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