Lec 6 - Photosynthesis

Question 1

Where does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 1

Some prokaryotes and in the chloroplasts of plants and algae

Question 2

What two processes provide energy for life?

Answer 2

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration

Question 3

What organisms eat other organisms to get proteins and energy?

Answer 3

Heterotroph (Consumers)

Question 4

What organisms produce their own food for energy?

Answer 4

Autotrophs (Producers)

Question 5

What process converts light energy to chemical energy in food?

Answer 5

Photosynthesis

Question 6

What is the Site of Photosynthesis in Plants?

Answer 6

Chloroplasts

Question 7

What is the green pigment within chloroplast?

Answer 7

Chlorophyll

Question 8

Where are chloroplasts found mainly?

Answer 8

in the cells of mesophyll, the interior tissue of leaf

Question 9

How many chloroplasts does each mesophyll contain?

Answer 9

30 -40

Question 10

What is the microscopic pores of the leaf where co2 and o2 exit?

Answer 10

Stomata

Question 11

Where can you find chlorophyll?

Answer 11

Thylakoids

Question 12

What is the connected sacs in the chloroplast?

Answer 12

thylakoids

Question 13

What do you call the stack columns of thylakoids?

Answer 13

Grana / granum (singular)

Question 14

What is the dense interior fluid in chloroplasts?

Answer 14

Stroma

Question 15

What is this series of reaction called? 6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2?

Answer 15

Photosynthesis

Question 16

Photosynthesis is a redox process in which water is _____ and carbon dioxide is ___

Answer 16

oxidized, reduced

Question 17

Photosynthesis is an______ process; the energy boost is provided by light

Answer 17

endergonic

Question 18

What are the two stages of Phosyn?

Answer 18

Light-dependent reactions and the calvin Cycle

Question 19

Light is a form of electromagnetic energy also called?

Answer 19

electromagnetic radiation

Question 20

What is the distance between crests of waves?

Answer 20

Wavelength

Question 21

What is the entire range of electromagnetic energy, or radiation?

Answer 21

electromagnetic spectrum

Question 22

What consists of wavelengths (including those that drive photosynthesis) that produce colors we can see

Answer 22

Visible light

Question 23

Light also behaves as though it consists of discrete particles, called

Answer 23

Photons

Question 24

What are substances that absorb visible light?

Answer 24

Pigments

Question 25

What measures a pigment’s ability to absorb various wavelengths, sends light through pigments and measures the fraction of light transmitted at each wavelength

Answer 25

spectrophometer

Question 26

What is a graph plotting a pigment’s light absorption versus wavelength

Answer 26

absorption spectrum

Question 27

The absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a suggests that

Answer 27

violet-blue and red light work best for photosynthesis

Question 28

What profiles the relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of radiation in driving a process

Answer 28

action spectrum

Question 29

Who demonstrated the action spectrum of photosynthesis was first in 1883 ?

Answer 29

Theodor W. Engelmann

Question 30

What is the main photosynthetic pigment ? What is the accessory pigment that broaden the spctrum used for photosynthesis?

Answer 30

Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b

Question 31

Accessory pigments called ______absorb excessive light that would damage chlorophyll

Answer 31

carotenoids

Question 32

What is an afterglow that occurs when photons are given off after excited electrons fall back to ground state?

Answer 32

Fluorescence

Question 33

A ______ consists of a reaction-center complex (a type of protein complex) surrounded by light-harvesting complexes

Answer 33

photosystem

Question 34

A ______ in the reaction center accepts excited electrons and is reduced as a result

Answer 34

primary electron acceptor

Question 35

What is the primary pathway, involves both photosystems and produces ATP and NADPH using light energy?

Answer 35

Linear electron flow

Question 36

What uses only photosystem I and produces ATP, but not NADPH?

Answer 36

Cyclic electron flow

Question 37

_____ transfer chemical energy from food to ATP; ______transform light energy into the chemical energy of ATP

Answer 37

Mitochondria , chloroplast

Question 38

What type of photosynthesis uses ATP and NADPH to reduce carbon dioxide to sugar?

Answer 38

Calvin cycle

Question 39

For net synthesis of 1 G3P, the cycle must take place ______, fixing 3 molecules of carbon dioxide

Answer 39

three times

Question 40

What are the 3 phases of Calvin cycle?

Answer 40

Carbon Fixation (catalyzed by Rubisco), Reduction, and Regeneration of the carbon dioxide acceptor (RuBP)

Question 41

In most plants (_____), initial fixation of carbon dioxide, via rubisco, forms a three-carbon compound (3-phosphoglycerate)

Answer 41

(C3 plants)

Question 42

In _______, rubisco adds oxygen instead of carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle, producing a two-carbon compound

Answer 42

photorespiration

Question 43

What type of plants minimize the cost of photorespiration by incorporating carbon dioxide into four-carbon compounds in mesophyll cells

Answer 43

C4 Plants

Question 44

What plants, including succulents, use crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) to fix carbon. These plants open their stomata at night, incorporating carbon dioxide into organic acids Stomata close during the day, and carbon dioxide is released from organic acids and used in the Calvin cycle

Answer 44

CAM plants

Question 45

Plants store excess sugar as starch in structures such as ___, ____, _____, and ______

Answer 45

roots, tubers, seeds, and fruits

Question 46

_______ made in the chloroplasts supplies chemical energy and carbon skeletons to synthesize the organic molecules of cells

Answer 46

Sugar