lec 7- Animal nervous system part 3 Flashcards
(36 cards)
what are the two types of nervous systems in vertebrates?
CNS and PNS
what does the CNS do?
receives and processes information
what does the PNS do?
carries info from body to brain and carries out orders from the brain
what is apart of the CNS?
The brain and the spinal cord
What is apart of the PNS?
The cranial and spinal nerves
what are the two system in the PNS and what do they do?
afferent division- sends sensory and internal information to CNS
efferent division- carries signals that allow the body to respond to the changed conditions
what are the two other systems that the efferent division is divided into?
Efferent division divides into somatic nervous system which is under conscious control, skeletal muscles serve as the effectors, and the autonomic nervous system which is not under conscious control, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and several glands serve as effectors
what are the two types of nerves that the autonomic nervous system divides into?
parasympathetic and sympathetic
what does the parasympathetic nerves do?
it promotes “rest and digest” functions that conserve energy
what does sympathetic nerves do?
it prepares organs for stressful situations “fight or flight”
what is the enteric nervous system?
the neurons in the gastrointestinal tract that interact with the autonomic nerves
where are the parasympathetic nerves located?
at the top of the spinal cord
where are the sympathetic nerves located?
originate in the spinal cord but emerge in the middle of its length
what are the 4 parts of the brain and what do they do?
Cerebrum- left and right hemispheres, involved in conscious thought and memory
Cerebellum- coordinates complex motor patterns
Diencephalon- relays sensory information to the cerebrum and controls homeostasis
Brain stem- information relay, autonomic control of heart, lungs, digestive system
what are the 4 lobes of the brain?
Frontal lobe (front)
Parietal lobe (upper back)
Occipital lobe (lower back)
Temporal lobe (sides)
what part of the brain connects the two hemispheres?
corpus callosum
what happens if the corpus callosum is cut?
the two hemispheres act on their own becoming like “two brains”
what part of the brain is in charge of personality?
the frontal lobe
what is aphasia?
a disorder that affects communication
what are the two types of aphasia and what do they do?
when the left side is damaged:
-Brocas aphasia results in difficulty in speaking and producing language
-Wernickes aphasia results in difficulty producing meaningful speech and comprehending language
what does the hippocampus do?
involved in the creation of short term memory
what does contralateral side of the brain mean?
the left side of your body is controlled by the right side of the brain and vice versa.
do motor and sensory afferent nerves project to the contralateral side of the brain?
Yes
what are stroke symptoms?
one side of the face and body is numb and droopy
