LEC 9 PROTEIN SYNTHESIS Flashcards
(37 cards)
What’s is protein synthesis?
Making protein from DNA via RNA
The production of protein from specific gene is called?
Gene expression
What are the two stages of protein synthesis?
Transcription & Translation
What happens during ‘transcription’?
Specific code from gene create mRNA
DNA»_space; mRNA
What happens during ‘Translation’?
Ribosomes reads code from mRNA and make protein (polypeptide chain)
mRNA»_space; Protein
Whats the bases of the FIRST codon?
AUG
(Chain always starts with AUG)
What are ‘introns’?
Non-coding region of gene - No amino acids
(Non-specific information)
What are ‘Exons’?
Coding region of gene
(Specific information)
T/F
Exons are taken by mRNA and introns are removed
TRUE
(specific information taken by mRNA - make protein)
Define ‘Genetic code’?
List of ‘Amino acid’ & matching ‘mRNA codons’
Which condon is alway the START codon?
AUG (Methionine)
Chain always start with
List the three (3) STOP codons?
UAA
UAG
UGA
T/F
Stop codons does not encode for amino acid
TRUE
Transcription of the gene occurs in the nucleus with an enzyme called?
RNA polymerase
RNA copy is called?
mRNA
What are the 3 steps to transcription?
Initiation, Elongation & Termination
Explain initiation? (1st step)
- Transcription factors binds to > promoter
- RNA polymerase binds to > promoter >DNA unwind
Explain Elongation? (2nd step)
RNA polymerase builds> mRNA transcript
Double helix formed
Explain Termination?
End of gene > mRNA transcript released
Production stops
If information translation goes wrong, what’s the result?
Abnormal cells produce > Cancer
Is the Statement TRUE or FALSE?
Introns - Remove
Exons - Spliced together
TRUE
Where does Translation occur?
Cytosol (cytoplasm)
(mRNA exit nucleus )
mRNA information/coding is translated into___?
Amino acids
mRNA is translated by____ &____?
Ribosome & tRNA
(mRNA only reads ribosomes)
