Flashcards in Lec1-3 Overview and Innate Immunity Deck (23):
1
What is mech of multiple slcerosis
- immune attack against myelin basic sheet that insulates neurons
2
Is innate or adaptive immune more specific
adaptive
3
Is there more diversity in receptors of innate or adaptive?
Adaptive - due to somatic recombination of gene segments
4
What are 5 main components of innate immunity?
- barriers to infection [epithelium/skin]
- phagocytes
- dendritic cells
- NK cells
- complement
5
What make cell type make up pus?
neutrophils
6
What is principle function of B lymphocytes in immune
- mediate humoral immunity
7
What is the principle function of T lymphocytes in immune
Mediate cell-mediated immunity
8
Are natural killer cells in innate or adaptive immune?
innate
9
What is the principle fcuntion of dendritic cells in immune?
= act as antigen presenting cells, initiated T cell response
10
What is the principle function of follicular dendritic cells?
- display antigens to B cells in humoral immune response
11
What types of barriers involved in innate immune
1. physical barrier to infection [skin]
2. killing of microbes by locally produced antibiotics
3. killing of microbes by intrapepithelial lymphocytes
also: resident flora, chemical barriers
12
Are neutrophils or macrophages short lived?
neutrophils!
13
What are PAMPS?
- pathogen associated molecular patterns
- recognized by toll like receptors (a type of pattern recognition receptor [PRR] ) on surface of DC/macrophage and trigger activation
14
Endpoint of TLR signalling cascade
Part of innate immune
1. increase expression cytokines/adhesion molec --> acute inflamation, stimulate adaptive immune
2. increase production IFN --> antiviral state
15
What are NLRs? Endpoint?
NLR = nod-like receptor
- release IL-B: fuel acute inflammation and fever
16
5 Characteristics of inflammation
- heat
- redness
- swelling
- pain
- loss of function
17
Macrophages as sentinels
- recognize pathogens or cell death product
18
2 Natural Killer Cell Functions
1. Nk cell sees infected cell ad kills it
2. NK cell binds macrophage that has phagocytosed molecule, releases IFN-gamma that activates macrophage to kill phagocytosed microbe
19
How are NK cells inhibited?
- inhibitory receptor on NK cell binds self class I MHC-self peptide complex on normal cell so not activated and does not kill
- when NK binds virus infected cell that has little class I MHC expressed, no inhibitory receptor so kills cell
20
3 Paths of complement activation
1. Alternative: microbe initiates activation
2. Classical: microbe bound to antibody initiates
3. Lectin: microbe bound to mannose-binding lectin initiates
21
Which pat of complement peptides gets deposited on the microbe?
C3b
22
What happens to C3 in complement?
- C3a breaks off and stimulates inflammation
- C3b is deposited on microbe and aids in phagocytosis
23