Lec5

Question 1

is the organization of organisms into progressively more inclusive groups on the basis of either phenotypic similarity or evolutionary relationship.

Answer 1

Classification

Question 2

is the actual naming of organisms and follows the binomial system of nomenclature devised by Carl Linnaeus and used throughout biology

Answer 2

Nomenclature

Question 3

• fungus like characteristics
• Have filamentous growth
• The cell wall and the internal structures are typical of bacteria rather than fungi

Answer 3

Actinomycetes

Question 4

• elongated motile, flexible bacteria
• helical shape
• tightly coiled like a telephone cord, other more open
• spirochetes contain – endoflegalla

Answer 4

Spirochaetes

Question 5

• smallest free living organism in nature
• Lack cell wall (do not stain or hardly)
• Pleomorphic and of indefine shape

Answer 5

Mycoplasmas

Question 6

• Very small
• Obligate parasites
• Once tought to be viruses

Answer 6

Rickettsiae and Chlamydiae

Question 7

Acid fat stain used for?

Answer 7

Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Mycobacterium leprae

Question 8

An organism that requires organic carbon as its carbon source.

Answer 8

Heterotroph

Question 9

An organism able to grow with CO2 as its sole source of carbon.

Answer 9

Autotroph

Question 10

Bacteria which depend on sunlight as a major source of energy

Answer 10

Photoautotrophe

Question 11

Bacteria whch use chemical as source of energy

Answer 11

Chemoautotrophe

Question 12

Use reduced inorganic substances as their electron source

Answer 12

Lithotrophs

Question 13

Exstract electrons from organic compounds

Answer 13

Organotrophs

Question 14

Example of Psychrophiles (15 – 20°C)?

Answer 14

Psedomonas fluorescens

Question 15

Example of Mesophiles (20 40°C) ?

Answer 15

E. coli, Salmonelle enterica, Staphylococcus aureus

Question 16

Example of Thermophiles (50 – 60°C)?

Answer 16

Bacillus

Question 17

Example of Obligate anaerobe?

Answer 17

(Clostridium spp.)

Question 18

Example of Facultative anaerobe?

Answer 18

(E. coli)

Question 19

Majority of the medically important bacteria grow best at which range of pH?

Answer 19

neutral or slightly alkaline reaction (pH 7.2 – 7.6).

Question 20

• Gram negative
• non-sporulating
• short Rod
• facultative anaerobes

Answer 20

Family Enterobacteriaceae

Question 21

1. used for the isolation of gram-negative
   enteric bacteria.
2. It is used in the differentiation of lactose fermenting from
   lactose non-fermenting gram- negative bacteria.
3. used for the isolation of coliforms and intestinal
   pathogens in water, dairy products and biological specimens
   Which type of agar?

Answer 21

MacConkey Agar

Question 22

can tolerate a reduction in Aw, but prefer to grow in an environment where Na has not been added.

Answer 22

Halotolerates

Question 23

Classification based on anatomical features (Flagella)?

Answer 23

 Monotrichous
 Lophotrichous
 Amphitrichous
 Petritrichous

Question 24

Example of Spore forming bacteria ?

Answer 24

(Bacillus spp.)

Question 25

- non Sporing bacteria - Facultative anaerobe - Pigment non producer - Gram negative rods - Fermentative - Non fastidious - Mesophiles Give an example of this?

Answer 25

E.coli

Question 26

Example of Gram positive cocci?

Answer 26

(Staphylococcus aureus)

Question 27

Example of Gram negative cocci?

Answer 27

(Neisseria gonorrhoeae)

Question 28

Example of Gram positive rods?

Answer 28

(Clostridium spp.)

Question 29

Example of Gram negative rods?

Answer 29

(E. coli)