lect 6 Flashcards
(14 cards)
compulsivity
Common underlying processes play a role in behavior that is continued despite explicit knowledge of devastating negative consequences in various disorders
Endophenotype
biological or psychological phenomena of a
disorder believed to be in the causal chain between genetic contributions to a disorder and diagnosable symptoms of
psychopathology
Intention-behavior gap:
the phenomenon that people have
explicit decisions to change
their behavior (e.g., being
physically active on a regular
basis) but fail to take action.
* Medium-large change in
intention → small-to-medium
change in behavior
How can we measure real-life habits?
- Field experiment
- Self-report measures
- Primed lexical-decision task
name self report measures
Frequency measures:
* Frequency of past behaviour (
* Past frequency X context stability
Response generating measure: (reaction time)
* Response frequency measure
Questionnaires that tap into the subjective experience of habit/automaticity:
* (12-item) Self-Report Habit Index (SRHI)
* (4-item) Self-Report Behavioural Automaticity Index (SRBAI)
primed lexical decision task
Primed Lexical Decision Task
- Objective measure
- Indication of associative stimulus response (S-R) strength
in primed lexical decision task is the behavior
a the prime word
b target word
b
what are implementstion intentions and what are they used for
if then plans that link a critical cue to an instrumental action
they are used for initiating desired behavior and reducing undesired behavior
how do II’s differn from habits
they are both mediated by S-R associations but habbits are formed via repetition and II’s by conscious planing
what is the if component connected to and what is the then component related to
if - hightened cue accesibility
then - strong cue response (automatic activation of the instrumental behavior)
what are the 7 steps for behavior change
Step 1: Choose a behavior that you are highly motivated to change.
Step 2: Determine the critical cue: in which situation do you carry out the “bad habit”? Which ‘if’ - external/internal? the best - personal and internal
* cue monitoring diary
* mental contrasting
Step 3: Can the critical cue easily be avoided/changed? (stimulus control, change the context)
Step 4: Link the right action to your critical cue.
Step 5: Continue to monitor your behavior and adjust your plan it is
no longer optimal.
Step 6: Once you have formed this habit, you can consider changing other habits. Small steps!
Step 7: Don’t forget to celebrate your success!
what are
- cue monitoring diary
- mental contrasting
- cue monitoring diary - identifies the critical cue
- mental contrasting - identifying obstickes, contrasting the positive future with the current negative reality which stands i the way
Habit discontinuity hypothesis
Avoiding the old context disrupts old
S-R habits, which may allow one to
rethink and initiate new behaviours
and choices.
Good plans…
- Are based on strong motivation
- Specify a (personal) critical cue
- For snacking internal cues may be better than external
- Relate the critical cue to a new instrumental response
- Are not formulated in a negation format
- Consist of 1 (related) if-then association
- Can be used as a metacognitive strategy
