Lecture 1 Flashcards
(50 cards)
1
Q
Immunology as a science has its roots in the study of ________ , the condition of being resistant to infection.
A
Immunity
2
Q
Edward Jenner observed that milkmaids who were exposed to ______ had apparent immunity to _______.
A
cowpox ; smallpox
3
Q
In the _______, the Chinese developed the practice of ________ .
“… inhaling powder made from smallpox scabs in order to produce protection against this dreaded disease.”
A
1500s ; VARIOLATION
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10
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What are the functions of the Immune System?
A
- it functions to recognize, respond to, and destroy a wide variety of invading organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that otherwise would be capable of promoting infection that is harmful to the body.
- it also maintains surveillance over the appearance of new or foreign antigens on tumor cells and attempts to destroy them while leaving unharmed the normal (or self) antigens on healthy cells.
- it is responsible for rejection of allogeneic organ/tissue transplants and graft-versus-host disease.
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18
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__________ can be defined as the study of a host’s reactions when foreign substances are introduced into the body.
A
Immunology
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31
In 1700s, English country doctor _______ discovered ________ .
Edward Jenner ; cross-immunity
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44
A foreign substance that induces such an immune response is called an ________.
Antigen
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49
Edward Jenner deliberately injected individuals with material from a cowpox lesion and then exposed them to smallpox. This procedure of injecting cellular material became known as ________ , from ______ , the Latin word for “cow.”
vaccination ; vacca
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