Lecture 1

Question 1

What is the WHO definition of health?

Answer 1

“Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity; and the extent to which an individual or groups is able to realize aspirations and satisfying needs to change or to cope with the environment.”

Question 2

True or false:

Health is the objective of living.

Answer 2

False; Health is a resource for everyday life

Question 3

Health is a positive concept emphasizing ____

Answer 3

Social and personal resources as well as physical capabilities.

Question 4

Health is multidimensional. List its 7 dimensions.

Answer 4

1) Physical
2) Mental
3) Social
4) Spiritual
5) Emotional
6) Vocational
7) Political

Question 5

Social isolation carries the same health risk as what?

Answer 5

Smoking 15 cigarettes a day.

Question 6

Social isolation is twice as harmful to health as _____.

Answer 6

Obesity

Question 7

Social isolation is as lethal to health as ____.

Answer 7

Alcohol dependence

Question 8

True or false:

Health is a fundamental human right.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Health is central to the concept of ____.

Answer 9

Quality of life

Question 10

Health is ____(intra-sectoral/inter-sectoral) and an integral part of ____(regression/development)

Answer 10

Inter-sectoral; development

Question 11

Health involves what kind of responsibility?

Answer 11

Individual, community, state, and international responsibility.

Question 12

True or false:

Health is the result of ever-increasing expenditure on medical care.

Answer 12

False; It is the essence of productive life.

Question 13

Health and its maintenance is what kind of major investment?

Answer 13

Social investment

Question 14

What is the estimated percentage of contribution of behavior to health status?

Answer 14

40%

Question 15

What is the estimated percentage of contribution of genetics to health status?

Answer 15

20%

Question 16

What is the estimated percentage of contribution of medical care to health status?

Answer 16

10%

Question 17

What is the estimated percentage of contribution of other factors to health status?

Answer 17

30%

Question 18

Good mental health is the ability to do what?

Answer 18

Respond to the varied experiences of life with flexibility and the sense of purpose.

Question 19

True or false:

Mental health is not mere absence of mental illness.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

The mental dimension is:

Answer 20

A state of balance between the individual and the surrounding world.

Question 21

____ factors can induce all kinds of illness, not simply mental ones.

Answer 21

Psychological

Question 22

A mentally healthy person:

Answer 22

1) Is satisfied with self, life, and performance
2) Is Well adjusted, able to get along with others
3) Has good self-control, balanced reactions, good insight, and independence
4) Has good coping ability (frustration, loneliness)
5) Believes in internal locus of control

Question 23

Social well being implies ____ within:

Answer 23

Harmony and integration; the individual, between each individual and other members of society, and between individuals and the world in which they live.

Question 24

The social dimension of health includes:

Answer 24

1) The levels of social skills one possesses
2) Social functioning
3) The ability to see oneself as a member of a larger society

Question 25

Spiritual health refers to that part of the individual which:

Answer 25

Reaches out and strives for meaning and purpose in life.

Question 26

The spiritual dimension includes:

Answer 26

1) Integrity 2) Principles & ethics 3) Purpose in life 4) Commitment to some higher being 5) Belief in concepts that are not subject to “state of the art“ explanations

Question 27

True or false: | Spiritual health does not have a role in health and disease.

Answer 27

False; it does have a role in health and disease.

Question 28

Spiritual health is ____ (tangible/intangible)

Answer 28

Intangible

Question 29

Which 2 dimensions used to be seen as one element or two closely related elements?

Answer 29

Mental and emotional dimensions

Question 30

What is the difference between mental and emotional health?

Answer 30

Mental health: Knowing (cognition) | Emotional health: Feeling

Question 31

True or false: | Mental and emotional aspects are still seen as one element.

Answer 31

False; they are two separate dimensions of human health.

Question 32

What are other minor dimensions of health?

Answer 32

1) Philosophical 2) Cultural 3) Socio-economic 4) Environmental 5) Educational 6) Nutritional 7) Curative 8) Preventative

Question 33

True or false: | Health is multifactorial.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

What are the determinants of health?

Answer 34

1) Biological determinants 2) Behavioral and sociocultural conditions 3) Environmental determinants 4) Socio economic conditions 5) Health services 6) Aging of the population 7) Gender 8) Others

Question 35

What are two examples of biological determinants?

Answer 35

1) Nature of genes chromosomal anomalies | 2) Errors of metabolism

Question 36

What are some examples of behavioral determinants?

Answer 36

1) Lifestyle (the way people live) 2) Coronary artery disease 3) Obesity 4) Lung cancer 5) Drug addiction

Question 37

What are some examples of sociocultural determinants?

Answer 37

1) Lack of sanitation 2) Poor nutrition 3) Personal hygiene

Question 38

What are some examples of environmental determinants?

Answer 38

1) Internal: each and every component/part of the body | 2) External: things man is exposed to

Question 39

What are some examples of socioeconomic determinants?

Answer 39

1) Economic status 2) Education 3) Occupation 4) Political system

Question 40

What are some examples of health service determinants?

Answer 40

1) Resources 2) Organization & management 3) Delivery & accessibility 4) Quality/use

Question 41

Where is the cut off point between health and disease?

Answer 41

There is no cut off point; they lie along a continuum.

Question 42

The lowest point on the health-disease spectrum is ____ and the highest point is ____.

Answer 42

Death; positive health

Question 43

Name the components of the spectrum of health-disease.

Answer 43

1Death 2) Severe sickness 3) Mild sickness 4) Unrecognized sickness 5) Freedom from sickness 6) Better health 7) Positive health

Question 44

Your health status is a combination of:

Answer 44

The healthful and risk behaviors you select.

Question 45

Although health is now recognized as a fundamental human right, it is essentially ____,

Answer 45

An individual responsibility

Question 46

How is to be _______ by the individual himself.

Answer 46

Earned and maintained

Question 47

What is self care?

Answer 47

All activities individuals undertake in promoting their own health, preventing their own disease, limiting their illness, and restoring their own health.

Question 48

Health can never be adequately protected by health services without active involvement of _____ whose health is at stake.

Answer 48

Communities

Question 49

The people’s health ought to be the concern of:

Answer 49

The people themselves; they must struggle and plan for it.

Question 50

____ assumes responsibility for the health and welfare of its citizens.

Answer 50

State

Question 51

What are the three governments and international organizations that cooperate in achieving health goals?

Answer 51

1) WHO 2) UNICEF 3) FAO

Question 52

What does international cooperation cover?

Answer 52

1) Exchange of experts 2) Provision of drugs and supplies 3) Control of all communicable diseases 4) Achievement of Health For All