Lecture 1 Flashcards
(23 cards)
gibbs free energy equation
deltaG = deltaH - TdeltaS
non covalent interactions
hydrogen bonds dipole-dipole interactions ionic interactions van der waals forces the hydrophobic effect
do polar or non polar forces interact
polar and polar
non-polar and non-polar interact favourably
non-covalent interactions in water
hydrogen bonds
the hydrophobic effect
what is replication
making more DNA
what is transcription
making mRNA - same language
what is translation
making the protein final product - three letter words
information flow
DNA, messenger RNA, protein
what does uracil replace
thymine
what monomer is DNA and RNA made of
nucleic acid
what monomer is protein made of
amino acids
what do ribonucleotides contain
three phosphate groups
process of transcription
ribonucleotides hydrogen bond through complementary base pairing to exposed deoxyribonucleotides on the unwound DNA
ribonucleotides are covalently bonded together by phosphodiester bonds
the energy is supplied by the cleavage of two phosphates
what direction does RNA polymerase move in
5’ - 3’
define triplet
3 bases (codon) needed to specify an amino acid
define degenerate
an amino acid may have more than one codon but no amino acid share the same codon
define non-overlapping
a set of three bases form one codon and the next set of three are another
what base goes with guanine
cytosine
what base goes with thymine (DNA)
adenine
what base goes with adenine RNA
uracil
process of translation
tRNA specific to each amino acid and a particular codon
it allows the mRNA to be translated into amino acids in the protein
what is the coding region on a tRNA called
anticodon
central dogma of chemstry
DNA - RNA - Protein
