Lecture 1

Question 1

Psychopathology = abnormal

Answer 1

1. Behavior
2. Thoughts or cognition
3. Feelings or emotions

Question 2

Necessary Criteria

Answer 2

Must be present to be abnormal, but not enough on its own

Question 3

Sufficient criteria

Answer 3

Can cause event / define event as abnormal

Question 4

Abnormality =

Answer 4

1. Statistical infrequently
2. Violation of norms
3. Personal distress
4. Disability or dysfuntion
5. Unexpectedness

Question 5

Statistical infrequency

Answer 5

Necessary but not sufficient

Not everything that is rare, is a problem

Question 6

Violation of norms

Answer 6

Relative to culture

Threatens or makes anxious those who observe it

Question 7

Personal distress

Answer 7

Lack of distress (psychopath) can also be abnormal

Not everything that causes distress is abnormal

Question 8

Disability or dysfunction

Answer 8

Stops person from doing what they want to do

Question 9

Unexpectedness

Answer 9

Surprising or abnormal response to environmental stress considered abnormal

Question 10

Definition of abnormal behavior

Answer 10

This isn’t really one because it’s so broad and subjective

Question 11

Psychologist

Answer 11

Usually PHD and 4-7years of graduate studies

More focused on therapy aspect

Question 12

Psychiatrist

Answer 12

MD degree, can prescribe drugs

Question 13

4 states where psychologists can give drugs

Answer 13

Iowa, Illinois, New Mexico, Louisiana

Question 14

Social workers

Answer 14

Emphasis on helping people adjust to society

Question 15

History: pre scientific inquiry

Mental disorders though to be

Answer 15

From events beyond human control (weather, fire, disease, etc)

Deviant behavior though to reflect anger of God’s or demonic possession

Question 16

Demonology

Which early records show this

Answer 16

Chinese, Egyptian, Babylonia, Greece

Question 17

Demonology

Ethiopia

Answer 17

Bases of misogyny -> come from menstruation

Question 18

Demonology

Impact today?

Answer 18

Gave negative connotation to mental illness because it meant being aligned with the devil

Question 19

Demonology treatment

Answer 19

Exorcism, trepanning (epilepsy, headaches, demons)

Question 20

Trepanning

Answer 20

Used by stone age or Neolithic cave dwellers.

Came to America from Siberia

Most common is Peru and Bolivia

Probably treating hydrocephalitis

Question 21

Hippocrates (460-377 BC)

Answer 21

Separated medicine from religion, magic and superstition

Rejected demonology (involvement of gods), insisted that illness had natural cause.

Introduced stress and concept of reducing stress and traquilization techniques

First “mental institution” with big gardens and family visits (like a halfway house)

Question 22

Somatogenesis

Answer 22

Mental problems are physiological

Question 23

Psychogenesis

Answer 23

Physiological problems are mental

Question 24

Hippocrates classifications

Answer 24

1. Mania
2. Melancholia
3. Phrenitis (brain fever)

Question 25

Hippocrates 4 humors

Answer 25

1. Black bile 2. Yellow bile 3. Phlegm 4. Blood

Question 26

Blood imblance

Answer 26

Changeable temperament

Question 27

Black bile imbalance

Answer 27

Melancholia

Question 28

Yellow bile imbalance

Answer 28

Irritability and anxiousness

Question 29

Phlegm imbalance

Answer 29

Sluggish and dullness

Question 30

The dark ages

Answer 30

Demonology returns Monks treated people with relics and potions

Question 31

Persecution of witches (13th century) why?

Answer 31

Social unrest, famine, plauges

Question 32

Which pope exhorted European clergy to search for witches?

Answer 32

Pope innocent 8th

Question 33

What was the witch hunting book called

Answer 33

Malleus Maleficarium

Question 34

After 13th century

Answer 34

Hospitals took over from churches (back to somatogenesis)

Question 35

13th century and mental illness laws

Answer 35

Secularization "Lunacy trials" to protect mentally ill Those proven insane became wards of the government

Question 36

Where did the asylums come from?;

Answer 36

Leprosy hospitals

Question 37

What was the popular asylum that became a tourist attraction

Answer 37

St. Mary of Bethlehem (Bedlam)

Question 38

Father of American psychiatry

Answer 38

Benjamin Rush

Question 39

Rush's philosophy?

Answer 39

Excess blood in the brain causing mental disorders. Blood letting became standard Also believed lunatics could be cured by being frightened

Question 40

Primary figure in humanitarian treatment

Answer 40

Philippe Pinel

Question 41

Pinels philosophy?

Answer 41

Patients treated with dignity. Removed chains, light airy rooms, walks outside

Question 42

Which asylum did Pinel establish

Answer 42

The York retreat

Question 43

Which two asylum were inspired by the York retreat?

Answer 43

The friends asylum, Hartford retreat

Question 44

What did Dorothea Dix do

Answer 44

Resurrected humane treatment after it was abandoned in the late 19th century

Question 45

What was the earliest precursor to the 19th century asylum in Quebec

Answer 45

Hotel Dieu by duchess d'Aiguillon

Question 46

When we're the first asylum built in Canada

Answer 46

Before 1st world war

Question 47

Which was the last province to open an asylum?

Answer 47

Alberta

Question 48

Who created hypnosis

Answer 48

Mesmer

Question 49

What was the true genius of Freud?

Answer 49

He found that talking is effective in treating mental problems

Question 50

Who started psychoanalysis

Answer 50

Pinel and Freud

Question 51

In the 19th century was somatogenesis or psychogenesis more prevalent?

Answer 51

Somatogenesis

Question 52

Until the 20th century which theory dominated

Answer 52

Somatogenesis