Lecture 1:

Question 1

in prehistoric times, why did people believe trephining will aid in sickness relief

Answer 1

because people thought sickness was related to too much fluid in the brain and chisling at the skull would release some of this fluid restoring balance to the individual

Question 2

who wrote the first written description of medicine and the nervous system

Answer 2

edwin smith wrote the first written description of medicine and function of the brain via mental processing

Question 3

what were the ancient egyptions’ opinion of the brain? More importantly why did they think the heart was so important?

Answer 3

after an individual died, they would discard of the brain because they didn’t see it having any significance. Instead, they valued the heart as being the place where mental processing occurred and therefore was preserved

Question 4

mentalism

Answer 4

the source of human thoughts/ processing comes from the heart. Basis of the cardiac hypothesis.
this would have been asssociated with Aristotle and ancient egyptians

Question 5

what were Aristotle’s opinions of the brain

Answer 5

he thought of it as a secondary organ that took the warm blood from the heart and cooled it to temper us

Question 6

Cardiac Hypothesis

Answer 6

the idea that behaviour is a product of the fluids circulating throughout different organs

Question 7

who wrote that the brain is the seat of thoughts and emotions

Answer 7

hippocrates

Question 8

Galen

Answer 8

father of modern medicine who believed that behaviour comes from connections between the brain and nerves after his experience treating gladiators with head injuries/ He used this belief to refute the cardiac hypothesis

Question 9

Rene Descartes

Answer 9

He thought that fluid in the brain is what affects behaviour and it is released via the lever system where the tissues squeeze fluid out to the organs

Question 10

Luigi Galvanie

Answer 10

source of frankenstein and thought the source of life was electricity. He thought we had electrical fluid that circulates through the body

Question 11

Reticular Theory

Answer 11

the theory that everything in the nervous syste functions via single interlinked network (brain functions as a single unit)

Question 12

Why doesn’t the reticular theory hold true

Answer 12

because it was discovered that the brain consists of distinct independent networks

Question 13

the neuron doctrine

Answer 13

influenced by cajal
the idea that the brain is made up of an array of independent functioning cells and systems