Lecture 1 Flashcards

(36 cards)

1
Q

Comparison with western medicine

A

TCM
Based on centuries of clinical observation
Individualised
Emphasises stimulates self healing
Holistic whole body
Maintain health

Modern medicine
Based on experimentation
Standardised
Based on meds and procedures
Reductionist - function individual parts
Manage disease

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2
Q

8 principles

A

Yin - Yang: quality of disease
Interior - exterior
Deficiency (chronic weakness) - excess
Cold - heat

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3
Q

Yin and yang

A

Yin. Yang
Cold. Hot
Wet. Dry
Matter energy
Contraction expansion
Descending. Rising
Below. Above
Quiet. Loud
Stasis. Movement
Night. Day
Water. Fire

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4
Q

Yin and yang and body

A

Yin. Yang
Front. Back
Body. Head
Interior organs. Skin muscles
Below waist. Above waist
Structure. Function
Blood body fluids. Qi (energy)
Solid organs. Hollow organs
Conservation. Transformation

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5
Q

Yin and yang imbalances

A

Excess Yang: full heat
Deficient Yin: Yang not anchored leading to empty heat
Excess yin: full cold
Deficient yang: Yang doesn’t warm - empty cold

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6
Q

Excess yang

A

Red face
Hypertension
Angry
Headaches
Heat
Thirst
Constipation
Tongue: red poss yellow coating
Pulse: wiry, rapid
Stress diet inflammation
Clear heat: avoid heating foods, eat cooling foods, avoid stress, gentle exercise

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7
Q

Yin deficiency

A

Low grade fever
Dry throat at night
Night sweats
Weight loss
Malar flush
Tongue: red, peeled or cracked, dry
Pulse: floating, empty rapid
Chronic illness, overwork, old age, blood loss long term
Eat warming nourishing foods. Avoid energetically hot foods
Sleep more, avoid strong exercise

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8
Q

Yin Yang imbalance full cold empty cold

A

Excess yin. Deficient yang
Bright white. Sallow white
Pain: sharp worse on pressure. Dull better
Pulse: full tight deep. Weak tight deep
Tongue: thick white. Thin white coat
Scatter cold. Nourish yang

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9
Q

Excess yin

A

Sharp pain
Cramp
Pale/ blue complexion
Pulse: deep full slow
Cold diet, chronic exposure to cold
Avoid cold foods
Eat warming foods warm water
Stay warm
Moxa acupuncture

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10
Q

Yang deficiency

A

Tired
Chilly
Pale urine
Palpitations
Oedema
Lack of appetite
Tongue pale swollen wet
Pulse weak deep slow
Chronic illness old age cold diet cold exposure
Warming nourishing foods and spices, warm water
Avoid raw foods
Wrap up warm, moderate exercise

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11
Q

Functions of Qi

A

Transforming
Transporting
Protecting
Raising/stabilising
Warming

Nutritive Qi: flows in acupuncture channels
Defensive Qi: circulates to skin and muscles

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12
Q

Blood

A

Yin in nature
Animated by Qi which is Yang
Stomach and spleen process food and extracts its Qi which goes to the lungs
Lungs push food Qi to heart

Shen impregnates blood
Qi of kidneys acts as catalyst for all transformations of Qi

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13
Q

Body fluids

A

Yin in nature
Thin fluids circulate with defensive wei Qi to moisten skin, mucus membranes, muscles.
Thick fluids lubricate joints, use to make hormones
Stomach origin of all fluids.
Body fluids replenish blood so doesn’t coagulate or stagnate.

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14
Q

Jing

A

Condensed form of Qi
Yin in nature
Pre-heavenly determines constitution and post heavenly essence constantly replenished from eating drinking breathing.
If live unhealthy and poor diet we draw on pre-heavenly essence making us weak

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15
Q

Shen

A

Emotional and spiritual aspects
Resides in organs
Shen: heart - sense of purpose

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16
Q

TCM organ groups

A

Liver and gallbladder
Spleen and stomach
Kidney and bladder
Lung and large intestine
Heart and small intestine
Pericardium and san jiao

Yin organs produce vital substances
Yang removes waste and hollow

17
Q

Heart

A

Circulates blood
Controls blood vessels
Houses Shen
Opens into eye
Opens into tongue

18
Q

Small intestine

A

Separates pure from impure
Sends pure part of food to spleen for absorption
Sends impure food to large intestine for excretion
Sends pure fluids to large intestine for absorption
Sends impure fluids to bladder for excretion

19
Q

Spleen

A

Transformation (digestion) of foods and transportation (absorption)
Origin of blood providing nutrition to blood.
Controls muscles limbs by proving them with nutrients.

20
Q

Stomach

A

Controls rotting and ripening
Controls descending of food and Qi
Origin of fluids extracting fluid from food/drink

21
Q

Kidneys and bladder

A

Kidney
Includes adrenals
Store the essence
Governs growth reproduction and water metabolism
Houses will power
Opens into ears and manifests in hair

Bladder - excretes urine

22
Q

Lungs

A

Govern respiration
Circulates nutritive Qi in channels and organs
Circulates defensive Qi to skin and muscles hence immunity
Controls skin pores (sweating) and skin hairs (temp regulation)
Opens into nose

23
Q

Large intestine

A

Receives food from small intestine for excretion
Receives fluids from small intestine for absorption
Excretes stool

24
Q

Liver

A

Stores blood
Governs free flow of Qi
Manifests in nails
Opens into eyes
Blood for reproduction

25
Gall bladder
Stores and excretes bile Controls judgement
26
Qi deficiency
Pale face Weak voice Cold and tired Lack of motivation Tongue pale slightly purple wet/swollen Pulse weak unenthusiastic Chronic illness, poor diet, weak digestion, lack of sleep, worrying Yang deficiency more severe form of Qi deficiency - wiped out, severe diarrhoea Spleen: distension after eating, poor concentration, weight gain Kidney: sore back, cold, copious urine Heart: palpitations, pallor, depression Lung: cough watery sputum daytime sweating poor immunity sob Resolve emotions and lifestyle issues Keep warm Meditate Light exercise to build and move Qi Spleen Qi Warming meals easy to digest Avoid cold foods need more energy Avoid heavy meals to not stagnate Qi Wet cooking Warming herbs spices Naturally sweet veg Kidney Qi Bone broths to nourish and strengthen Salty flavour Black beans kidney beans walnuts chia seeds tofu mushrooms seaweed fish root veg Lung Qi Pungent spicy foods help lungs expel mucus Yoghurt honey fruits moisten Broccoli cauliflower Thyme pine nuts roasted almonds
27
Qi sinking
Aspect of Qi deficiency Weak limbs Haemorrhoids prolapses Tongue pale Pulse weak Chronic disease, over exertion, long standing Spleen affected Food same as Qi def Avoid things that cause downward movement
28
Qi stagnation
Distension Moving place to place Depression irritability mood swings sighing. Pulse - wiry Tongue - normal poss red sides Eat moderate portions avoid heavy meals Regulate emotions Waking singing dancing Alcohol and cigarettes make it worse. Acupuncture, Epsom salt baths Qi moving foods: fermented foods, steamed veg, cauliflower broccoli, leeks asparagus Warming / moving herbs and spices
29
Liver yang rising Liver fire blazing
Same as Qi stagnation plus signs of heat eg headaches red face tinnitus anger Tongue red esp on sides, dry yellow/brown coating Pulse wiry rapid Chronic Qi stagnation plus heat from diet/emotions Avoid heating foods Eat cooling foods: bitter greens, fruits Avoid stress and strong exercise
30
Blood deficiency
Numbness, blurred vision, floaters, grey pale face, pale tongue, dry skin hair Tongue: pale and thin Pulse: choppy/ thready Poor diet, excess bleeding Heart: palpitations may startle easily Liver: scanty or no period, muscle cramps, brittle nails, infertility Avoid coffee and tea depleting minerals Iron supplement or Ferrum Phos Mg, B12, vitamin C Long term emotional issues can deplete blood Nourish blood: red fruits/veg, avoid raw foods, slow cooked stews, dark leafy greens
31
Blood stasis
Dark complexion, purple lips Tongue: dark, distended purple s/l veins Pulse: wiry or tight Qi deficiency qi stasis, blood def, interior cold, local trauma Liver: painful periods dark clots Stomach: epigastric pain, vomiting, blood in stool Uterus: painful periods, endometriosis, fibroids Blood def- nourish blood Qi stagnation- move Qi Foods that disperse stagnant blood: garlic, leek, chives, warming spices
32
Blood heat
Hot skin diseases visible blood vessels Tongue red Pulse rapid Diet, blood infections, unresolved emotions Liver heat making blood hot Avoid heating foods Blood cooling foods Avoid stress, unresolved anger Fasting
33
Deficiency body fluids
Dry skin lips mouth nose tongue muscle tears Tongue dry Pulse thin esp in middle position Poor hydration, blood deficiency, dry climate/ heating Lung dryness: dry cough, thirst, hoarse Large intestine: constipation, dry stool Stomach: dry tongue with horizontal cracks, no desire to drink Avoid drying / dehydrating foods Warm wet foods: pear melon grapes honey yoghurt Healthy oils and fats
34
Excess body fluids
Swollen tongue Slippery pulse Qi/ Yang deficiency failing to transform fluids Lung Qi def: oedema of upper body and hands Spleen Yang def: oedema of abdomen Kidney yang def: oedema of ankles and legs Avoid dairy, gluten melon tomatoes grapes pears Eat drying foods barley mushrooms, corn, rice
35
Damp
Spleen Qi or spleen yang def failing to transform food Incomplete digestion so fluids come in to dilute. Tongue wet sticky coating Damp heat yellow sticky tongue Pulse slippery Spleen; diarrhoea loose stools candida Bladder: cystitis symptoms Head: fogginess Skin: weeping skin conditions Weight gain, high Chol, heavy limbs Avoid fried foods, processed, alcohol, dairy gluten, sugar Eat drying foods Nourish digestive system Radishes/ginger clear damp/ phlegm from lungs Fennel seed and cinnamon tea
36
Phlegm
Substantial form of damp Lungs: thick sputum/ sinusitis Under skin: lumps and cysts,gall stones Joints: bone deformities eg RA Tongue: red, swollen, sticky coating Pulse: slippery possibly red