Lecture 1

Question 1

What are the 3 stages of healing?

Answer 1

1. Inflammatory Response (acute)
2. Fibroblastic Repair (subacute)
3. Maturation-Remodeling (chronic)

Question 2

How long is the inflammatory (acute) stage of healing

Answer 2

2-4 days following an injury

Question 3

What symptoms are associated with the inflammatory (acute) stage of healing?

Answer 3

Redness, swelling, tenderness, and increased temperature

Question 4

The release of __ causes vasodilation and increased cell permeability?

Answer 4

Histamine

Question 5

What forces leukocytes to line up along the cell walls and also increases cell membrane permeability?

Answer 5

Leukotaxin

Question 6

During the inflammatory response stage, __ is responsible for phagocytizing the debris?

Answer 6

Necrosin

Question 7

What are some treatment goals during the inflammatory (acute) stage of healing?

Answer 7

• Attempt to control the responses to injury
• Limit the amount of pain the individual is experiencing
• Decrease the amount of swelling or spasm

Question 8

Which treatment modalities may be beneficial during the inflammatory (acute) stage of healing?

Answer 8

Ice, electrical stimulation, ultrasound, and laser therapy

Question 9

How long is the repair (subacute) stage of healing?

Answer 9

Begins about 4 days after the injury and usually will last up to 10 days (however it may last for several weeks)

Question 10

What happens during the repair (subacute) stage of healing?

Answer 10

Granulation tissue fills in defects left by the injury

Question 11

Describe the cellular events that take place during the repair (subacute) stage?

Answer 11

Fibroblasts move into the area of injury and lay down a matrix of collagen, elastin, fluid, and ground substance

Question 12

What happens approximately 6-7 days post injury?

Answer 12

Fibroblasts begin producing and randomly laying down collagen to form a scar

Question 13

Which treatment modalities may be beneficial during the repair (subacute) stage of healing?

Answer 13

Heat, electrical stimulation, ultrasound, and laser therapy

Question 14

What are some treatment goals during the repair (subacute) stage of healing?

Answer 14

• Control pain
• Decrease swelling
• Increase the rate of healing

Question 15

How long is the remodelling (chronic) stage of healing?

Answer 15

This stage begins around 7 days post injury and may last for several years

Question 16

What happens during the remodelling (chronic) stage of healing?

Answer 16

• While fibroblastic repair is underway, collagen fiber deposition becomes altered due to movement and/or treatment
• Collagen fibers are arranged parallel to the tensile forces placed on it and the surrounding tissue

Question 17

Which treatment modalities may be beneficial during the remodelling (chronic) stage of healing?

Answer 17

Ultrasound, electrical stimulation, laser therapy, as well as passive and active stretching can help facilitate the speed and quality of healing

Question 18

True or false: The stages of healing of an injury are not separate and distinct; there may be overlap from one stage to another

Answer 18

True